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a. Social being

People lead a peaceful life. The problems of speed, hurry, pollution and such other urban problems are rare in towns.

1. Loan at low rate of interest should be provided by the government.

2. Training for the cottage industries people.

There are nearlya 5000 town in India.

People follow co-operative farming work in their own land and earn profit.

d. Education

1. All farmers should be given free crop insurance. 

2. Bengaluru is one of the fast-growing cities in India.

1. Increase the productivity of land

2. Replace or speed up activities that are extremely inefficient in use of them.

b. Sarva Shikshan abhiyaana.

Correct answer is d. Rain.

Agricultural activities:

1. cultivation of soil
2. croping
3. Farming operation
4. ploughing the land-to grow crops
5. Harvesting the crop

Non Agricultural activities:

1. black smiting
2. carpentry
3. basket weaving
4. Fishery
5. Pottery

Dairy, fishery, sericulture, weaving, blacksmithing, carpentry, basket weaving, pottery, craftwork, etc.

Rozgar yojana and Jawhara Gram Samruddi Yojana for educated youth in villages to set up their own small scale industries.

a. Mahatma Gandhi

Correct answer is c. 27

1. Having balanced diet or food habits.

2. Having balanced mental health.

Shopkeepers, traders, Doctors, medical persons, banking, insurance companies factories hostels are the occupations of urban people.

1. Sewage system.

2. Supply of pure drinking water.

3. Construction of systematic market complexes.

4. Construction of well-planned bus and railway stations.

5. Laying of ring roads around the city.

6. Development of parks.

1. Serious scarcity of electricity and drinking water problems.

2. Slums, aimless littering of plastics and discharges are a challenge to the protection of environment.

3. Social problems in urban areas are increasing enormously.

Juvenile crime, violence, drug menace, exploitation of women, robbery etc., are the social problems of the communities.

1. Large volumes of uncollected waste create multiple health hazards

2. Intensive urban growth can lead to greater Poverty, with local governments unable to provide services for all people

3. Concentrated energy use leads to greater air pollution with significant impact on human health.

4. Pollution and physical baniers to root growth promote loss of urban tree cover.

Villages have problems related to hygiene, health, Jobs and education.

1. Worker [Agri – labourers] 

2. Transport 

3. No legal status

1. Village/Rural community

2. City/ urban and

3. Tribals (Adivasis)

Advantages of community:

1. When somebody in the community is in trouble, others will help them.

2. When situation demands, community always ready to help others in the community.

Group of people living in a specific area is called a community.
Ex: Rural community, Urbon community, Tribal community.

Members of a community develop a sense of We feeling” among themselves. This is called “community feelings”.

1. Housing problem in cities

2. Traffic Jam

2. Pollution in industrial areas

3. Disposal of garbage

4. Sleem areas

5. Water pollution

Buildings, Roads, Companies etc.

There a many families living in this village. All these groups of families are called Community.

Characteristics of Tribes are as follows : 

1. Simple and self-confident. 

2. Worship of Nature. 

3. Loyal to the community and importance to unity. 

4. Equality and independence to women. 

5. Endogamous marriages. 

6. Unique and different mother tongue. 

7. Living in a natural environment. 

8. An economic system based on hunting and gathering of minor forest produces and sporadic agriculture.

Villages are classified as follows: 

1. Centralized Villages: The main characteristics of this type of village is houses are located in the farmland. The houses remain closer to each other. The size of the village increases as the people in agriculture increase. 

2. Villages with independent households and farms: This type of villages are found in the coastal region and in irrigated areas of Raichur district of Karnataka. Here a family of a farmer lives away from other farmer families. The house is surrounded by cattle shed, agricultural equipment, fodder for cattle, etc. 

3. Scattered group villages: This type of villages are located in hilly areas and in uplands districts of Karnataka. In this type, a group of families lives away from another group of families. For example, a group of families may be located on a hill and another may below the hill. Such type of villages is called as scattered group villages. 

4. Village of line houses: In these villages families are located on both the sides of the road. Here one house is attached to others. A wall divides one house from another. All the houses look like an extension of the same building. 

5. Circles Shaped villages: These villages are also called as round shaped villages. Here houses would present around a temple, Masjid, Church or tank in a round shape settlement. 

6. Square shaped villages: These villages are the same as line villages. Here the houses are placed in parallel and horizontal to each other. 

7. Converged road villages or market villages: Families which are based on non- agricultural occupations are found here. Houses are located in those areas where two or more roads converge at a point. Shops and hotels are attached to the houses. These villages are named as Junction, Kamara, Kodu, etc.

A place that has more population and population density are called a city.

The area consisting of the families who mainly depend on agriculture and agriculture-based occupations for their livelihood is called a village.

1. life.

2. village

3. Negro.