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251.

Piston thickness depends on what criteria?(a) Volume for combustion(b) Gas pressure(c) Aesthetic(d) Products of combustionThis question was addressed to me by my college director while I was bunking the class.Question is from IC Engine in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (a) Volume for combustion

Easy explanation: The selection of the type of piston HEAD depends on TWO criteria Volume of combustion and the ARRANGEMENT of valves. Therefore, Volume for combustion is the right answer.

252.

Which are the two types of piston head?(a) Cup and flat type(b) Cup and cone type(c) Cone and bowl type(d) Flat and bowl typeThis question was addressed to me in unit test.Question is taken from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» CORRECT answer is (a) Cup and flat TYPE

Explanation: There are two TYPES of piston heads- Flat and Cup type, Cup type is CONCAVE in cross-section and flat type has a straight surface in cross-section.
253.

Cast iron pistons were used in low-speed cars, why?(a) Due to inertia force(b) Due to low-speed piston(c) Due to momentum(d) Due to centrifugal forceI have been asked this question by my college professor while I was bunking the class.The question is from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» CORRECT answer is (b) Due to low-SPEED piston

The explanation is: Cast iron PISTONS were USED in low-speed cars because its piston speed is always less than 6 m/s, this speed was due to the density of piston.
254.

Why cast iron was used in pistons earlier?(a) Availability(b) Cost(c) Luster property(d) Design featureThis question was posed to me in exam.My doubt stems from IC Engine in portion Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Correct option is (a) Availability

The EXPLANATION is: Availability of cast iron was more when compared to STEEL, aluminum alloy, etc…, People found the manufacturing process using cast iron was EASY until DENSITY came into the picture.

255.

Why aluminum alloy pistons need more clearance?(a) Free moment(b) Good fixture(c) Thermal expansion(d) Cold startI had been asked this question in quiz.The question is from IC Engine topic in portion Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct answer is (C) THERMAL expansion

For EXPLANATION I WOULD say: The coefficient of thermal expansion of the aluminum piston is approximately twice that of cast iron piston. Hence, Aluminum alloy pistons NEED more clearance.

256.

Earlier, which material was used in pistons?(a) Aluminum alloy(b) Cast iron(c) Steel(d) BrassThe question was posed to me by my college director while I was bunking the class.Query is from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» RIGHT ANSWER is (b) CAST IRON

To explain I would say: Earlier, cast iron was WIDELY used as it has higher strength compared to aluminum alloy. This helps to provide thin and small sections for the parts of cast iron piston.
257.

Why aluminum alloy pistons are used in highly rated engine?(a) Due to its thermal factor(b) Due to its alloying element(c) Due to the piston speed(d) Due to circularThe question was posed to me in class test.The question is from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (C) Due to the PISTON speed

The best I can explain: Highly rated engines are mostly used in race cars and high-end cars; these cars require speed. Aluminum pistons can achieve piston speed above 6m/s. Hence, aluminum alloy pistons are used in a highly rated ENGINE.

258.

Which is the preferred process used in the manufacturing of pistons?(a) Forging(b) Casting(c) Forming(d) MachiningI got this question in unit test.My question is from IC Engine in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Correct option is (a) Forging

Best explanation: PISTONS manufactured using the Forging process because this process is more reliable and stronger than casting and can withstand HIGH thermal STRESSES.

259.

Which property of the aluminum alloy is preferred in pistons?(a) Color(b) Density factor(c) Thermal property(d) AestheticsThis question was posed to me in an international level competition.Enquiry is from IC Engine topic in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (b) DENSITY FACTOR

Easy explanation: The Density factor of aluminum alloy is \(\frac{1}{3}\)RD to that of cast iron, this results in lightweight construction and reduces inertia force, make PISTON moment easier.

260.

Which of the following material is not used in the manufacturing of pistons?(a) Steel(b) Aluminum alloy(c) Cast iron(d) Mild steelThe question was posed to me in examination.This intriguing question originated from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right OPTION is (d) Mild steel

Best explanation: Steel, Aluminum alloy and CAST iron are the materials USED in the pistons BASED on there thermal capacity, density factor, and LUBRICATION property. Whereas mild steel is a ductile material and it is not used in pistons.

261.

Piston should result in noiseless operation.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was asked by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.This question is from IC Engine in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Correct option is (a) True

For explanation I would SAY: Piston should always result in noiseless OPERATION. If there is a noise, it indicates that there is a friction CREATED DUE to an error in the design. The drops the efficiency of the engine.

262.

What is that convex part on the piston on a 2-stroke engine is known as?(a) Kingpin(b) Deflector(c) Concave(d) VectorI had been asked this question during an interview for a job.This intriguing question originated from IC Engine in portion Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right ANSWER is (B) Deflector

Easiest explanation: The convex part on the piston on a 2-stroke engine is known as a deflector. This deflector helps in scavenging, this DIVERTS the exhaust gas to move towards the exhaust PORT.

263.

Which part of the piston experience High thermal stress?(a) Head(b) Skirt(c) Top land(d) RibThe question was posed to me during an interview.My enquiry is from IC Engine in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct choice is (a) Head

To explain I would say: Head is the TOPMOST part of the piston. It is the FIRST part to EXPERIENCE the heat due to combustion and experience HIGH THERMAL stresses. It is also called a piston crown.

264.

Using which component Piston and connecting rod are connected?(a) Circlip(b) Gudgeon pin(c) Cotter(d) KeyI got this question during an interview for a job.My doubt is from IC Engine in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (b) Gudgeon pin

The explanation is: The piston and connecting ROD are connected through the Gudgeon pin. It is also called a piston pin and wrist pin. The END MOVEMENT of the gudgeon pin is stopped by a circlip.

265.

Which of the mentioned below is not a part of the piston?(a) Shim(b) Circlip(c) Gudgeon pin(d) Oil ringI got this question during an internship interview.This interesting question is from IC Engine in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» CORRECT answer is (a) Shim

To explain: Circlip, Gudgeon pin, and oil ring are all the part of the PISTON. Whereas, Shim is a component related to the VALVE mechanism, using this Valve LIFT can be altered.
266.

Why the length of piston in the 2-stroke engine is more when compared to the 4-stroke engine?(a) Absence of valve mechanism(b) Missing of Power stroke(c) It is not 4-stroke(d) Air resistanceI had been asked this question during an interview.I would like to ask this question from IC Engine in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» RIGHT option is (a) Absence of VALVE mechanism

The BEST I can explain: DUE to the absence of a valve mechanism, the intake and exhaust of the 2-stroke engine have to be controlled by the piston itself. HENCE, the length of the piston in a 2-stroke engine is more when compared to the 4-stroke engine.
267.

Gas is compressed during which the stroke of the engine?(a) Suction stroke(b) Compression stroke(c) Power stroke(d) Exhaust strokeThis question was addressed to me by my college professor while I was bunking the class.This question is from IC Engine topic in chapter Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Correct choice is (b) COMPRESSION stroke

Easy explanation: The Piston compresses the gas during the compression Stroke. It TAKES the side thrust resulting from the obliquity of the connecting ROD. Due to compression, the TEMPERATURE of the charge INCREASES.

268.

Which force is the reason for the downward moment of the piston during power stroke?(a) Fuel pressure(b) Gas pressure(c) Solid pressure(d) Liquid pressureI have been asked this question during a job interview.I would like to ask this question from IC Engine in chapter Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right choice is (b) Gas pressure

To explain: PISTONS TRANSMIT the FORCE due to gas pressure INSIDE the CYLINDER to the crankshaft through the connecting rod. The gas pressure is created by the combustion inside the engine.

269.

Studs experience fluctuating load.(a) True(b) FalseI have been asked this question in my homework.This intriguing question originated from IC Engine topic in chapter Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct choice is (a) True

Explanation: DUE to the COMBUSTION of fuel, the VARIATION in GAS pressure INSIDE the engine cylinder changes from 0 to Pmax. Hence, studs experience fluctuating load.

270.

Piston is a______ part of IC engine.(a) Rotating(b) Revolting(c) Reciprocating(d) OscillatingThis question was posed to me by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.My question is taken from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right choice is (c) Reciprocating

For explanation I would say: The piston is a reciprocating part of the IC engine that performs several FUNCTIONS. It SEALS the INSIDE portion of the CYLINDER from the crankcase USING a piston ring.

271.

Find the maximum pitch value of studs when d=1.5mm?(a) 15.78mm(b) 43.9mm(c) 14.87mm(d) 34.90mmI got this question in an interview for job.This intriguing question comes from IC Engine topic in portion Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right OPTION is (d) 34.90mm

For explanation I WOULD SAY: MAXIMUM pitch=28.5\(\sqrt{d}\)

=28.5\(\sqrt{1.5}\)

=34.90mm

272.

Find the minimum pitch value of studs when d=1.5mm?(a) 23.27mm(b) 0.23mm(c) 2.32mm(d) 4.43mmI got this question in exam.This interesting question is from IC Engine in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» RIGHT CHOICE is (a) 23.27mm

For EXPLANATION: MINIMUM PITCH=\(19\sqrt{d}\)

=23.27mm
273.

Find the pitch circle diameter of studs, given D=6 and d=4?(a) 16mm(b) 17mm(c) 18mm(d) 19mmI have been asked this question during an interview for a job.My question comes from IC Engine in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right choice is (c) 18mm

Explanation: PITCH CIRCLE diameter of studs is GIVEN by,

Dp=D+3d

=6+3×4

=18mm

274.

What is the pitch of studs, when the diameter of studs is 6mm and the number of studs is 8?(a) 2.35mm(b) 1.80mm(c) 7.00mm(d) 4.95mmThis question was posed to me in an internship interview.The above asked question is from IC Engine in chapter Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct option is (a) 2.35mm

To explain: PITCH of STUD s=\(\frac{\PI \times D_p}{Z}\)

=\(\frac{\pi\times 6}{8}\)

=2.35mm

275.

Which of the following material is used in the manufacturing of studs?(a) Iron(b) Nickel(c) Steel(d) TitaniumI had been asked this question in exam.My question is taken from IC Engine topic in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» RIGHT answer is (C) Steel

The explanation is: Ductile is the type of MATERIAL used in the manufacturing of studs since it has good thermal conductivity, yield strength, and tensile strength. Steel is one of the ductile MATERIALS.
276.

What is the nominal diameter of studs when the core diameter of studs is 1.5mm?(a) 1.8m(b) 2.5mm(c) 1.8mm(d) 2.5mThe question was posed to me in a national level competition.My query is from IC Engine in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right OPTION is (C) 1.8mm

Explanation: The nominal DIAMETER of STUDS when the core diameter of studs is GIVEN,

d=\(\frac{d_c}{0.8}\)

d=\(\frac{1.5}{0.8}\)

d=1.87mm

277.

Which of the mentioned below is not the parameter in the design of studs?(a) Nominal diameter of Gudgeon pin(b) Nominal diameter of the cylinder(c) Number of studs(d) Pitch of studsThis question was posed to me in examination.The doubt is from IC Engine in chapter Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct answer is (a) Nominal diameter of GUDGEON pin

Best explanation: Nominal diameter of the CYLINDER, NUMBER of studs, Pitch of studs are all the required parameters for the DESIGN of studs whereas the Nominal diameter of the Gudgeon pin is USED in the design of piston.

278.

‘Y’ is the notation used usually to denote the number of studs.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me in an international level competition.The query is from IC Engine in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right choice is (b) False

Explanation: ‘Z’ is the notation USED usually to denote the number of studs. These are the circular rods threaded over both sides and connect various engine COMPONENTS.

279.

Why studs are used?(a) To ensure the proper fixture of the crankshaft(b) To ensure the proper fixture of connecting rod(c) To ensure the proper fixture of the camshaft(d) To ensure the proper fixture of the cylinder assemblyI got this question in homework.The above asked question is from IC Engine topic in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» RIGHT OPTION is (d) To ensure the proper FIXTURE of the cylinder assembly

Explanation: Studs act as the guide ways to the cylinder assembly to reduce the distortion of the PLANNED geometry. The CRANKSHAFT is placed below the cylinder. Camshaft placed in the cylinder head and Connecting rod is fixed between piston and crankshaft.
280.

Why studs are used?(a) To ensure the proper fixture of the crankshaft(b) To ensure the proper fixture of connecting rod(c) To ensure the proper fixture of the camshaft(d) To ensure the proper fixture of the cylinder assemblyThe question was asked during an online exam.This question is from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»
281.

An engine has a bore diameter of 150mm, what is the minimum number of studs in the engine?(a) 6(b) 7(c) 8(d) 9The question was posed to me in examination.The origin of the question is IC Engine in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (a) 6

Explanation: Maximum NUMBER of STUDS = 0.01D+4

= 0.01×150+4

= 5.5

5.5 studs can’t be TAKEN so it is APPROXIMATED to 6.

282.

The charge is compressed directly against which part of the engine?(a) Crankcase(b) Cylinder(c) Camshaft(d) Cylinder headI got this question at a job interview.The question is from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» RIGHT OPTION is (d) Cylinder head

Explanation: After the suction stroke, during the moment of the piston for BDC to TDC the charge is compressed against the cylinder head and then it GETS ignited.
283.

An engine has a bore diameter of 160mm, what is the maximum number of studs in the engine?(a) 6(b) 7(c) 8(d) 9The question was asked in an interview for job.I need to ask this question from IC Engine in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» CORRECT option is (C) 8

The best explanation: Maximum number of STUDS = 0.02D+4

 = 0.02×160+4

 = 7.2

7.2 studs can’t be TAKEN so it is APPROXIMATED to 8.
284.

Which material is suitable for manufacturing Cylinder head?(a) Malleable(b) Cast iron(c) Mild steel(d) Carbon fiberThis question was posed to me in semester exam.Query is from IC Engine in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The CORRECT answer is (b) Cast IRON

To elaborate: Cast iron is a BRITTLE material and it is used in the manufacturing of Cylinder head and also ALUMINUM can be used since it is lightweight.

285.

Which of the mentioned below is not a type of cylinder head?(a) Under head camshaft cylinder head(b) Overhead camshaft cylinder head(c) Flathead cylinder head(d) Overhead valve cylinder headThe question was asked in a job interview.My doubt stems from IC Engine topic in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct option is (a) Under HEAD CAMSHAFT cylinder head

Explanation: Overhead camshaft cylinder head, FLATHEAD cylinder head, Overhead valve cylinder head are the three types of cylinder HEADS and they are MADE of cast-iron or aluminum.

286.

What is porting?(a) Drilling extra ports in the cylinder(b) Resizing and reshaping of the intake port(c) Resizing and reshaping for spark plug(d) Drilling additional port for spark plugI got this question by my college professor while I was bunking the class.I want to ask this question from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right choice is (b) Resizing and reshaping of the intake port

To elaborate: PORTING is the APPLICATION of resizing and reshaping of intake ports so that the charge doesn’t STRIKE the wall and ensuring the flow of charge is SMOOTH.

287.

Which of the mentioned below is not a part of the Cylinder head?(a) Valves(b) Spark plug(c) Cams(d) CrankshaftThis question was posed to me during an interview.The query is from IC Engine topic in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right CHOICE is (d) Crankshaft

The best I can EXPLAIN: VALVES, Spark plug, CAMS are all housed in the cylinder head whereas the crankshaft is housed in the crankcase and drives the camshaft.

288.

It is mandatory to have cams in the cylinder head.(a) True(b) FalseI had been asked this question during a job interview.Enquiry is from IC Engine in portion Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right CHOICE is (B) False

Explanation: No, it is not mandatory to have a camshaft in the cylinder head. There are INSTANCES where the camshaft is placed near the crankshaft and the VALVE actuation is controlled by pushrod and tappets.

289.

Find the Thickness of the cylinder head when D=140mm, K=0.162, Pmax=3.5Mpa, σc=30N/mm^2.(a) 17.56mm^2(b) 19.34mm(c) 18.52mm^2(d) 19.24mmI got this question in unit test.My question is based upon IC Engine topic in chapter Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» CORRECT CHOICE is (d) 19.24mm

Explanation: h=140×\(\sqrt\frac{0.162×3.5}{30}\)

= 140×0.1374

= 19.24mm
290.

In the formula (σI)net=σI-μσc, what is µ?(a) Yield point(b) Hoop constant(c) Stress constant(d) Poisson’s ratioI have been asked this question in examination.My question is based upon IC Engine topic in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (d) Poisson’s ratio

Easy EXPLANATION: μ is Poisson’s ratio, it is the ratio of transverse contraction STRAIN to the LONGITUDINAL extension strain. σI is the longitudinal stress and σc is the CIRCUMFERENTIAL stress.

291.

Calculate the apparent circumferential stress, when Pmax=3.5MPa, D=140mm, and t=8mm?(a) 12.3N/mm^2(b) 14.4N/mm^2(c) 15.3N/mm^2(d) 16.1N/mm^2The question was asked in semester exam.Question is taken from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»
292.

Calculate the apparent longitudinal stress when Do=162mm, D=140mm, Pmax=3MPa.(a) 8.85N/mm^2(b) 9.32N/mm^2(c) 6.66N/mm^2(d) 7.65N/mm^2The question was asked in semester exam.The doubt is from IC Engine in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The CORRECT answer is (a) 8.85N/mm^2

The BEST I can explain: σI=\(\frac{P_{MAX}D^2}{Do^2-D^2}\)

=\(\frac{3×140^2}{(162^2×140^2)}\)

=8.85N/mm^2

293.

Calculate the thickness of the cylinder when Pmax=3MPa, D=150mm, C=4and σc=45N/mm^2.(a) 9mm(b) 6mm(c) 7mm(d) 8mmThis question was posed to me in an interview.The above asked question is from IC Engine in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct option is (a) 9mm

For EXPLANATION: t=\(\frac{P_{max}\TIMES D}{2\sigma}\)+C

=\(\frac{3×150}{2×45}+4\)

=5+4

=9mm

294.

Calculate the net minimum outer diameter of the cylinder, when the inner diameter of the cylinder is 140mm and thickness is 11mm.(a) 153mm(b) 170mm(c) 160mm(d) 162mmThe question was posed to me in final exam.I would like to ask this question from IC Engine in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The CORRECT CHOICE is (d) 162mm

The BEST EXPLANATION: D0=D+2t

=140+2(11)

=162mm

295.

Calculate the net longitudinal stress σc=20N/mm^2, σI=11N/mm^2 and μ=0.2(a) 6N/mm^2(b) 7N/mm^2(c) 8N/mm^2(d) 9N/mm^2The question was posed to me in an interview for internship.My enquiry is from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer» RIGHT OPTION is (a) 6N/mm^2

Easy EXPLANATION: (σI)net=σI-μσc

=11-0.2×20

=7N/mm^2
296.

Calculate the net circumferential stress when σc=20N/mm^2, σI=11N/mm^2 and μ=0.2.(a) 17.8N/mm^2(b) 16.5N/mm^2(c) 16.5N/m^2(d) 16.3N/mm^3I got this question during a job interview.I would like to ask this question from IC Engine topic in chapter Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The CORRECT ANSWER is (a) 17.8N/mm^2

Explanation: (σc)net=σc-μσI

=20-0.2×11

=17.8N/mm^2

297.

Find the range of radial distance between the outer diameter of the flange and pitch circle diameter of studs, when d is 8mm.(a) 14 to 12mm(b) 9 to 11mm(c) 10 to 14mm(d) 11 to 13mmThis question was addressed to me during an internship interview.This interesting question is from IC Engine topic in portion Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

Right CHOICE is (a) 14 to 12mm

The EXPLANATION: The range of radial distance between the OUTER diameter of the flange and pitch circle diameter of STUDS is

= d+6 to 1.5d

= 14 to 12

298.

Longitudinal stress doesn’t act on the cylinder.(a) True(b) FalseI have been asked this question by my college professor while I was bunking the class.The question is from IC Engine topic in section Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The CORRECT CHOICE is (b) False

The best I can explain: Circumferential HOOP stress and the longitudinal stress are the two principal STRESSES that act on the engine cylinder. So, longitudinal stress act on the cylinder.

299.

Find the range of thickness of the cylinder flange when bolt diameter is 8mm.(a) 8 to 9.5mm(b) 9 to 10.6mm(c) 10 to 12mm(d) 11 to 13mmI got this question during an interview.My query is from IC Engine topic in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The correct answer is (c) 10 to 12mm

To ELABORATE: The range of Thickness of the CYLINDER FLANGE is

=1.25d to 1.5d

=10 to 12mm

300.

Find the range of thickness of cylinder flange when the thickness is 8mm.(a) 6.5 to 7.2mm(b) 7.5 to 8.8mm(c) 8.3 to 10.5mm(d) 9.6 to 11.2mmThe question was asked during an internship interview.I need to ask this question from IC Engine topic in division Design of IC Engine Components of Automotive Engine Design

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (d) 9.6 to 11.2mm

The best I can explain: The RANGE of THICKNESS of the CYLINDER FLANGE is

= 1.2t to 1.4t

= 9.6 to 11.2mm