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D) Indiscriminate activities of human

B) Water availability is less in sandy soil

C) Converted into compost manure

Answer is (B) River

Answer is (C) Man

(D) The friendly insects will die which give high yield

(D) Ecosystem

(B) Spaceship

Answer is (D) b and d

(D) All the given

(A) Mangrove

Decomposers return nutrients to the soil by decompose the dead plants and animals for the plants to use, as the cycle begins again, so they are called recyclers.

The organisms which eat other living things and get their energy from them are called consumers. 

Ex : 

Animals.

1. Mangroves serve as important breeding grounds for a variety of commercially important organisms. 

2. They also serve as protective areas for endangered species. 

Example: 

Coringa Mangrove Is situated South of Kakinada and is about 150 Km South of Vizag.

Mangrove forests grow in back waters low depth areas of sea shores.

The organisms which feed on wastes, debris of plants and animals or on their remains after they die. 

Ex : 

Microorganisms.

Plants are the only organisms capable of carrying out photosynthesis and producing food to all living organisms in any ecosystem. For this reason plants are called Producers.

The diagram showing food web.

1) Grass, rice plants, maize, bushes.

2) Fish, frog, birds, rats, rabbit, deer, tadpole, larva ,sheep, cat, fox, tiger, crane, eagle, snake, owl, peacock, insects, lion.

3) Food web starts from green plants.

4) Crane, eagle, owl, peacock, lion.

5) When plants and animals die, they are decayed and decomposed by Decomposers like bacteria and fungi. They return nutrients to the soil for plants to use, as the cycle begin again. This is the reason ‘Decomposers are also called as recyclers.

Coringa Mangrove is situated South of Kakinada Bay and is about 150 km South of Visakhapatnam.

There is an interdependence between plants and animals for space, reproduction, shelter etc.

A food web consists of several inter linked food chains and each organism in a food web will be a member of more than one food chain.

1. Algae and plants are the producers in the given food web. They convert the solar energy into chemical energy through a process called photosynthesis. 

2. The animals which feed on these producers (plants) are called primary consumers. 

Ex : Deer, Grasshopper, Rabbit. 

3. Saprophytic bacteria and fungi are act as decomposers. They feed on dead plants and animals. They decompose these dead bodies and convert them into minerals. So, they are called ‘reproducers’. 

4. Food chain consists of 4 trophic levels. 

They are 

1) producers 

2) primary consumers 

3) secondary consumers and 

4) tertiary consumers.

There is a feeding relationship between plants and animals.

There is an interdependence between plants and animals for space, reproduction, shelter etc.

When plants and animals die in a food web, they are decayed and decomposed by decomposers like bacteria and fungi.

1. The dwelling place for plants and animals is called habitat. 

2. One habitat shared by different types of plants and animals. 

3. Try to add more such points to your list. 

4. The natural home for plants and animals is called a habitat.

5. Habitat is the environment of an animal or plant. 

6. Habitat is a suitable place for plants and animals to live. 

7. Habitat is the origin for plants and animals.

1. Plant, tiger, rabbit, fox, hawk these are the animals living in an ecosystem and are interdepending one on the other, and maintaining a food web – 

Plants → Rabbit → Hawk → Fox → Tiger. 

2. A delicate balance is seen in nature between members of different species. 

3. Any disturbance in this balance affects the organisms in a food web.

4. If we remove rabbit from the list the other animals like tiger, fox, hawk which are depending one on the other for food will die because of no food. 

5. All the organisms, big or small, have right to live on this planet as man. We should respect this and allow other organisms to live and share the wealth of this planet. 

6. “LIVE AND LET LIVE” should become our motto.

A food chain consists of four steps – 

• The producers 
• primary consumers, 
• secondary consumers, 
• tertiary consumers.

The four steps of food chain are as follows:

    producers 

    primary consumers 

    secondary consumer 

    tertiary consumer 

Living things like plants, animals and microorganisms are known as biotic components of the ecosystem.

Biotic Components in ecosystem are : like, Producers,  consumers, herbivores, carnivores omnivores etc.

B) Desert ecosystem

An ecosystem can be defined as a functional unit of nature, where living organisms interact among themselves and also with the surrounding physical environment.

Flora and Fauna: All the plants of a particular place and all the animals that live wild in a particular area is called flora and fauna.

This fauna is very common in this ecosystem Desert

Answer is (C) Forest

D) Desert ship

They store water in their stems to be used during the time of water scarcity.

D) i – b, ii – c, iii – a

C) Primary consumer

Mangroves: Mangroves are one of the most productive ecosystems and the changes take place in an ecosystem.

Answer is (D) ii only

(D) 1, 3, 2, 5, 4

Energy flow: All the organisms in an ecosystem derive energy from food to live.

B) Tough competition for food among the rabbits will be seen

Answer is (B) peacock

Approximately the solar energy absorbed in the atmosphere is 57%

(C) tender shoots

Several plants, algae use sunlight to make their food and are called producers.

Consumers eat other living things and get their energy from them.

The word ecosystem was coined by a British Botanist A.G. Tansley in 1935.

An ecosystem is made up of groups of living organisms and their environment.