1382 + Interview Questions in ECOSYSTEM IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 22 InterviewSolution

1051.	Assertion Consumers are heterotrophs. Reason They use a very little part of living plants and animals.A. Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the cprrect explanation of AssertionB. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of AssertionC. Assertion is true, but Reason is falseD. Assertion is false, but Reason is true
Answer» Correct Answer - C Heterotrophic animals are unable to manufacture food for their own because, they do not have chlorophyll. These include those organisms, which consume either readymade organic food or decompose the complex organic compounds These are also called consumers.

Discussion

1052.	An inverted pyramid of number and an inverted pyramid of biomass are respectively seen in:A. sea and tree ecosystemB. tree and sea ecosystemC. sea and grassland ecosystemD. tree and grassland ecosystem
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

1053.	The rate of formation of new organic matter by rabbit in a grassland, is called.A. Net productivityB. Secondary productivityC. Net primary productivityD. Gross primary productivity
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

1054.	Primary production is defined as the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis . It is expressed in term of (a) Weight `(g^(-2))` (b) Weight `(g^(-2)yr^(-1))` (c) Energy (kcal `m^(-2)`) d. Energy (kcal `m^(-2)yr^(-1)`)A. a and bB. c and dC. a and cD. b and d
Answer» Correct Answer - C Primary production is defined as the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis. It is expressed in terms of weight (`g^(-2)`) and energy (`Kcal m^(-2)` )

Discussion

1055.	The biomass available for consumption to heterotrophs and the rate formation of new organic matter by consumers are defined asA. gross primary productivity and net primary productivity respectivelyB. net primary productivity and gross primary productivity respectivelyC. gross primary productivity and secondary productivity respectivelyD. net primary productivity and secondary productivity respectively
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

1056.	The rate of biomass production and the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis are called respectively:A. Secondary productivityB. Net productivityC. Net primary productivityD. Gross primary producitvity
Answer» Correct Answer - D In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic mater during photosynthesis is termed as gross primary productivity.

Discussion

1057.	In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed asA. Gross primary productivityB. secondary productivityC. Net productivityD. net primary productivity
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

1058.	In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed asA. Net productivityB. Net primary productivityC. Gross primary productivityD. Secondary productivity
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

1059.	The rate of biomass production and the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis are called respectively:A. gross primary productivity, gross secondary productivityB. net primary productivity, secondary productivityC. net productivity, gross secondary productivityD. productivity, gross primary productivity
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

1060.	The total rate of production or synthesis of organic matter by producers during photosynthesis is known asA. PPB. NPPC. GPPD. none of these
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

1061.	In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed asA. net primary productivityB. gross primary productivityC. secondary productivityD. net productivity
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

1062.	According Robert Constanza, `50%` of the total cost for ecosystem services goes to:A. nutrient cyclingB. recreationC. soil formationD. climate regulation
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

1063.	The pioneer species in xerarch and hydrach succession, are respectively:A. lichens and phytoplanktonsB. lichens and sedgesC. phytoplanktons and lichensD. lichens and rooted hydrophytes
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

1064.	The pioneer species in xerarch and hydrach succession, are respectively:A. lichens and sedgesB. phytoplanktons and lichensC. lichens and phytoplanktonsD. sedges and phytoplanktons
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

1065.	Who are generally the pioneer species in a Xerarch succession and in a Hyararch succession?
Answer» Pioneer species in Hydrarch succession are usually the small phytoplanktons and that in Xerarch succession are usually lichens.

Discussion

1066.	Which metabolic process causes a reduction in the Gross Primary Productivity?
Answer» Respiration.

Discussion

1067.	Assertion: Healthy ecosystems are the base for a wide range of economic, environmental and aesthetic goods and services.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false.
Answer» Correct Answer - B `` Healthy ecosystem are the base for a wide range of economic, environmental and aesthetic goods and services. `` Biodiversity should carry a hefty price tag.

Discussion

1068.	The type of food chain in which decomposed organic matter is converted into energy rich compound is calledA. detritus food chainB. grazing food chainC. cybernaticsD. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

1069.	In an ecosystem, the population ofA. primary producer is larger than primary consumersB. secondary consumer is largestC. primary consumers are more then primary producersD. primary consumers are least dependent upon primary producers
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

1070.	`"Frog"overset("Eats")(to)"Grasshopper"overset("Eats")(to)"Green"` Frog is aA. primary producerB. herbivoreC. primary carnivoreD. top consumers
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

1071.	A scorpion stalks, kills, and then eats a spider. Based on its behavior , which ecological terms describe the scorpion ?A. producer, herbivore, decomposerB. producer, carnivore, heterotrophC. predator, carnivore, consumerD. predator , autotroph, herbivore
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

1072.	Which of these belong to the category of primary consumers ?A. Insects and cattleB. Eagle and snakesC. Water insects and lizardsD. Snakes and frogs
Answer» Correct Answer - ACorrect option is (A) Insects amd Cattle

Discussion

1073.	These belong to the category of primary consumers:A. snakes and frogsB. water insectsC. insects and cattleD. eagle and snakes
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

1074.	Primary consumers and secondary consumers belongs to which trophic level respectively.A. `{:(,"Primary consumers","Secondary consumers"),((a),"Trophic level - II","Trophic level - III"):}`B. `{:(,"Primary consumers","Secondary consumers"),((b),"Trophic level - I","Trophic level - II"):}`C. `{:(,"Primary consumers","Secondary consumers"),((c),"Trophic level - II","Trophic level - I"):}`D. `{:(,"Primary consumers","Secondary consumers"),((d),"Trophic level - III","Trophic level - II"):}`
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

1075.	Leafhoppers, flies , beette are primary consumers inA. forest ecosystemB. desert ecosystemC. grassland ecosystemD. marine ecosystem
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

1076.	Haddock and halibut areA. primary consumerB. secondary consumerC. tertiary consumerD. top carnivores
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

1077.	Bulk `CO_(2)`fixation occurs inA. Crop plantsB. oceansC. tropical rain forestsD. Temperature forests
Answer» Correct Answer - B Bulk `CO_(2)`-fixation occurs in oceans. The productivity of ocean ecosystem is very high , here phytoplanktons , e.g. diatoms are the greatest producers.

Discussion

1078.	Tropical dense forests are due toA. Low rainfall and low temperatureB. High rainfall and low temperatureC. Low rainfall and high temperatureD. High rainfall and high temperature
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

1079.	In India, tropical rain forests occur inA. Jammu and KashmirB. AndamansC. Uttar PradeshD. Himachal Pradesh
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

1080.	Bacterial and fungul enzymes degrades detritus into simpler inorganic substances. This process is calledA. FragmentationB. LeachingC. CatabolismD. All of the above
Answer» Correct Answer - C Bacterial and fungal enzymes degrade detritus into simpler inorganic substances by the process of catabolism.

Discussion

1081.	Succession on different habitat are different in nature 1. Name the pioneer species on a bare rock.2. How do they help in establishing the next type of vegetation?3. Mention the type of climax community that will ultimately get established.
Answer» 1. Lichens are the pioneer species: 2. They absorb water due to their spongy structure and secrete carbonic acid which loosens rock particles and help in weathering of rocks and soil formation; thus, they pave way to some small plants like bryophytes. 3. The climax community will be a forest.

1081.

Succession on different habitat are different in nature 1. Name the pioneer species on a bare rock.2. How do they help in establishing the next type of vegetation?3. Mention the type of climax community that will ultimately get established.

Answer»

1. Lichens are the pioneer species:

2. They absorb water due to their spongy structure and secrete carbonic acid which loosens rock particles and help in weathering of rocks and soil formation; thus, they pave way to some small plants like bryophytes.

3. The climax community will be a forest.

Discussion

1082.	Primary succession is a long term process, while secondary succession is a short term process.1. Do you agree?2. Give reasons. 3. Name the pioneer species in hydrarch succession
Answer» 1. Yes. 2. In primary succession development of forest climax on a barren land may take about 1,000 years but in secondary succession it takes 50 – 100 years in case of a grassland and about 100 – 200 years for a forest. 3. Phytoplanktons.

1082.

Primary succession is a long term process, while secondary succession is a short term process.1. Do you agree?2. Give reasons. 3. Name the pioneer species in hydrarch succession

Answer»

1. Yes.

2. In primary succession development of forest climax on a barren land may take about 1,000 years but in secondary succession it takes 50 – 100 years in case of a grassland and about 100 – 200 years for a forest.

3. Phytoplanktons.

Discussion

1083.

Carbon cycle and phosphorus cycle are two common biogeochemical cycles. Write any three differences between these two cylces.

Answer»

Carbon cycle	Phosphorous cycle
1. Gaseous cycle	(a) Sedimentary cycle
2. Respiratory release into	(b) No respiratory release
3. Atmospheric input through rain fall very high	(c) Atmospheric input through rain fall is very low

Discussion

1084.	Phosphorus cycles in the form ofA. `HPO_(3)^(-)`B. `P_(2)` (a gas)C. `PO_(4)^(2-)`D. `AlPO_(4)`
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

1085.	Which ones are reservoirs of Phosphorus and Nitrogen cycles respectivelyA. consumersB. atmosphere and bedrockC. atmosphere and producersD. bedrock and atmosphere
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

1086.

a. State any two differences between phosphorus and carbon cycles in nature. b. Write the importance of phosphorus in living organisms.

Answer»

a.

	Phosphorus cycle	Carbon cycle
(i)	It is a sedimentary cycle.	It is a gaseous cycle.
(ii)	Atmospheric inputs through rainfall are much smaller.	Atmospheric inputs through rainfall are more.
(iii)	Gaseous exchange of phosphorus between organism and environment is nil.	Gaseous exchange of carbon between organism and environment is much more

b. Phosphorus is a major constituent of biological membranes, nucleic acids and cellular energy transfer

Discussion

1087.	Global carbon is fixed in the biosphere through photosynthesis. Explain any two ways by which carbon is returned to the atmosphere.
Answer» The carbon is returned to the atmosphere through respiration by all living beings and burning fossil fuel. Considerable amount of carbon returns to the atmosphere as CO₂ through respiratory activities of the producers and consumers. Decomposers also contribute substantially to CO₂ pool by their processing of waste materials and dead organic matter of land or oceans. Burning of wood, forest fire and combustion of organic matter, fossil fuel, volcanic activity are additional sources for releasing CO₂ in the atmosphere. Rapid deforestation and massive burning of fossil fuel for energy and transport have significantly increased the rate of release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

1087.

Global carbon is fixed in the biosphere through photosynthesis. Explain any two ways by which carbon is returned to the atmosphere.

Answer»

The carbon is returned to the atmosphere through respiration by all living beings and burning fossil fuel. Considerable amount of carbon returns to the atmosphere as CO₂ through respiratory activities of the producers and consumers. Decomposers also contribute substantially to CO₂ pool by their processing of waste materials and dead organic matter of land or oceans.

Burning of wood, forest fire and combustion of organic matter, fossil fuel, volcanic activity are additional sources for releasing CO₂ in the atmosphere.

Rapid deforestation and massive burning of fossil fuel for energy and transport have significantly increased the rate of release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Discussion

1088.	Consider the following statements In an ecosystem energy (i) Movement is unidirectional (ii) Is lost irretrievably (iii) Movement is non-cyclic (iv) Movement is from higher to lower trophic levels Of these statementsA. (i), (ii) and (iii) are correctB. (i) and (ii) are correctC. (i), (iii) and (iv) are correctD. (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

1089.	If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant `rarr` Mice `rarr` Snake `rarr` PeacockA. 0.02 JB. 0.002JC. 0.2 JD. 0.0002J
Answer» Correct Answer - C According to 10% law of enery flow by Raynold Lindeman. The total amount of energy that can be transferred to the next trophic level is the 10% hence, peacock will receive 0.02J of energy as top consumer. Energy received by other organism are Plant `to` 20J Mice ` to 20 xx 10% =2J` Snake `to 2xx 10%=0.2J`

Discussion

1090.	Mycorrhiza is found inA. Oligotrophic soilB. Eutrophic oilC. Both (a) and (b)D. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - A Soil with optimum nutrients are called eutrophic soils and soils having sub-optimum nutrients (lacking one or more minerals) is known as oligotrophic soil. Mycorrhiza is found is oligotrophic soil.

Discussion

1091.	Mangrove forests are found inA. Uttar PradeshB. Madhya PradeshC. West BengalD. Himachal Pradesh
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

1092.	If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant `rarr` Mice `rarr` Snake `rarr` PeacockA. `0.02 J`B. `0.002 J`C. `0.2 J`D. 0.0002 J`
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

1093.	If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant `rarr` Mice `rarr` Snake `rarr` PeacockA. 0.0002 JB. 0.02 JC. 0.002 JD. 0.2 J
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

1094.	Assertion The pyramid number of pond ecosystem is upright. Reason Phytoplanktons are maximum and secondary consumers are least in number.A. Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the cprrect explanation of AssertionB. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of AssertionC. Assertion is true, but Reason is falseD. Assertion is false, but Reason is true
Answer» Correct Answer - A The pyramid of pond ecosystem is upright, becaues base of this pyramid is occupied by the maximum number of phytoplanktons (autotrophs) and number of individuals gradually decreases towards primary and secondary consumer respectively.

Discussion

1095.	Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is always:A. InvertedB. UprightC. IrregularD. linear
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

1096.	Why is the pyramid of biomass inverted in a pond ecosystem?
Answer» The pyramid of biomass is inverted in a pond ecosystem because the biomass of fish (top consumer) is far larger than the producers (phytoplanktons).

Discussion

1097.	Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is always:A. linearB. uprightC. irregularD. inverted
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

1098.	If 30 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant `rarr` Mice `rarr` Snake `rarr` PeacockA. 0.3 JB. 0.03 JC. 0.0003 JD. 0.003 J
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

1099.	What is true of ecosystem?A. Primary consumers are least dependent producers producersB. primery consumers out-number producersC. producers are more than primary consumersD. Secondary consumers are the largest and most powerful
Answer» Correct Answer - C In an ecosytem producers (green plants)are always more than primary consumers (herbivores).

Discussion

1100.	Pyramid of number in a pond ecosystem isA. IrregularB. InvertedC. UprightD. Spindle-shaped
Answer» Correct Answer - C Pyramid of number in a pond ecosystem is upright or erect, in which producers are maximum in number and top consumers are least in number.

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

An inverted pyramid of number and an inverted pyramid of biomass are respectively seen in:A. sea and tree ecosystemB. tree and sea ecosystemC. sea and grassland ecosystemD. tree and grassland ecosystem

The rate of formation of new organic matter by rabbit in a grassland, is called.A. Net productivityB. Secondary productivityC. Net primary productivityD. Gross primary productivity

The rate of biomass production and the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis are called respectively:A. Secondary productivityB. Net productivityC. Net primary productivityD. Gross primary producitvity

In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed asA. Gross primary productivityB. secondary productivityC. Net productivityD. net primary productivity

In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed asA. Net productivityB. Net primary productivityC. Gross primary productivityD. Secondary productivity

The total rate of production or synthesis of organic matter by producers during photosynthesis is known asA. PPB. NPPC. GPPD. none of these

In an ecosystem the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis is termed asA. net primary productivityB. gross primary productivityC. secondary productivityD. net productivity

According Robert Constanza, `50%` of the total cost for ecosystem services goes to:A. nutrient cyclingB. recreationC. soil formationD. climate regulation

The pioneer species in xerarch and hydrach succession, are respectively:A. lichens and phytoplanktonsB. lichens and sedgesC. phytoplanktons and lichensD. lichens and rooted hydrophytes

The pioneer species in xerarch and hydrach succession, are respectively:A. lichens and sedgesB. phytoplanktons and lichensC. lichens and phytoplanktonsD. sedges and phytoplanktons

Who are generally the pioneer species in a Xerarch succession and in a Hyararch succession?

Which metabolic process causes a reduction in the Gross Primary Productivity?

The type of food chain in which decomposed organic matter is converted into energy rich compound is calledA. detritus food chainB. grazing food chainC. cybernaticsD. None of these

In an ecosystem, the population ofA. primary producer is larger than primary consumersB. secondary consumer is largestC. primary consumers are more then primary producersD. primary consumers are least dependent upon primary producers

`"Frog"overset("Eats")(to)"Grasshopper"overset("Eats")(to)"Green"` Frog is aA. primary producerB. herbivoreC. primary carnivoreD. top consumers

A scorpion stalks, kills, and then eats a spider. Based on its behavior , which ecological terms describe the scorpion ?A. producer, herbivore, decomposerB. producer, carnivore, heterotrophC. predator, carnivore, consumerD. predator , autotroph, herbivore

Which of these belong to the category of primary consumers ?A. Insects and cattleB. Eagle and snakesC. Water insects and lizardsD. Snakes and frogs

These belong to the category of primary consumers:A. snakes and frogsB. water insectsC. insects and cattleD. eagle and snakes

Leafhoppers, flies , beette are primary consumers inA. forest ecosystemB. desert ecosystemC. grassland ecosystemD. marine ecosystem

Haddock and halibut areA. primary consumerB. secondary consumerC. tertiary consumerD. top carnivores

Bulk `CO_(2)`fixation occurs inA. Crop plantsB. oceansC. tropical rain forestsD. Temperature forests

Tropical dense forests are due toA. Low rainfall and low temperatureB. High rainfall and low temperatureC. Low rainfall and high temperatureD. High rainfall and high temperature

In India, tropical rain forests occur inA. Jammu and KashmirB. AndamansC. Uttar PradeshD. Himachal Pradesh

Bacterial and fungul enzymes degrades detritus into simpler inorganic substances. This process is calledA. FragmentationB. LeachingC. CatabolismD. All of the above

Succession on different habitat are different in nature 1. Name the pioneer species on a bare rock.2. How do they help in establishing the next type of vegetation?3. Mention the type of climax community that will ultimately get established.

Primary succession is a long term process, while secondary succession is a short term process.1. Do you agree?2. Give reasons. 3. Name the pioneer species in hydrarch succession

Carbon cycle and phosphorus cycle are two common biogeochemical cycles. Write any three differences between these two cylces.

Phosphorus cycles in the form ofA. `HPO_(3)^(-)`B. `P_(2)` (a gas)C. `PO_(4)^(2-)`D. `AlPO_(4)`

Which ones are reservoirs of Phosphorus and Nitrogen cycles respectivelyA. consumersB. atmosphere and bedrockC. atmosphere and producersD. bedrock and atmosphere

a. State any two differences between phosphorus and carbon cycles in nature. b. Write the importance of phosphorus in living organisms.

Global carbon is fixed in the biosphere through photosynthesis. Explain any two ways by which carbon is returned to the atmosphere.

If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant `rarr` Mice `rarr` Snake `rarr` PeacockA. 0.02 JB. 0.002JC. 0.2 JD. 0.0002J

Mycorrhiza is found inA. Oligotrophic soilB. Eutrophic oilC. Both (a) and (b)D. None of these

Mangrove forests are found inA. Uttar PradeshB. Madhya PradeshC. West BengalD. Himachal Pradesh

If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant `rarr` Mice `rarr` Snake `rarr` PeacockA. `0.02 J`B. `0.002 J`C. `0.2 J`D. 0.0002 J`

If 20 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant `rarr` Mice `rarr` Snake `rarr` PeacockA. 0.0002 JB. 0.02 JC. 0.002 JD. 0.2 J

Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is always:A. InvertedB. UprightC. IrregularD. linear

Why is the pyramid of biomass inverted in a pond ecosystem?

Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is always:A. linearB. uprightC. irregularD. inverted

If 30 J of energy is trapped at producer level, then how much energy will be available to peacock as food in the following chain? Plant `rarr` Mice `rarr` Snake `rarr` PeacockA. 0.3 JB. 0.03 JC. 0.0003 JD. 0.003 J

What is true of ecosystem?A. Primary consumers are least dependent producers producersB. primery consumers out-number producersC. producers are more than primary consumersD. Secondary consumers are the largest and most powerful

Pyramid of number in a pond ecosystem isA. IrregularB. InvertedC. UprightD. Spindle-shaped