Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Correct answer is (B) False

For explanation I would say: The main wastes from GLUTAMIC acid or lysine fermentations are cells, a liquor with a high amino-acid content which can be used as an animal-feed supplement, and the SALTS removed from the liquor by CRYSTALLIZATION, which is a good fertilizer.

Correct option is (b) Reducing the sludge volume

For explanation: Thickening is the first step for reducing the sludge volume by REMOVAL of free sludge water. Thin sludge is CONCENTRATED to THICK sludge. Thick sludge has a higher viscosity, but must still be pumpable. Sludge settles in gravity THICKENERS and is COMPRESSED by the weight of its own solids.

Right CHOICE is (a) True

The BEST explanation: The yeast may ALSO be used DIRECTLY as a source of vitamins. If it is to be used as a HUMAN food it must be debittered to remove the hop bitter substances absorbed on to the yeast cells.

Correct answer is (b) False

For explanation I would say: Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the COMBUSTION of organic substances contained in waste materials. Incineration and other high-temperature waste treatment systems are described as “THERMAL treatment”. Incineration of waste materials converts the waste into ash, flue gas and heat. The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste, and may take the form of solid lumps or PARTICULATES carried by the flue gas. The flue gases must be CLEANED of gaseous and particulate pollutants before they are dispersed into the atmosphere. In some cases, the heat GENERATED by incineration can be used to generate electric power.

Right answer is (a) True

Best explanation: An injection WELL is a device that places fluid deep UNDERGROUND into POROUS rock FORMATIONS, such as sandstone or limestone, or into or below the shallow soil layer. The fluid may be water, WASTEWATER, brine (salt water), or water mixed with chemicals.

Right option is (c) Type of wastewater treatment

To explain: The activated sludge process is a type of wastewater treatment process for treating sewage or industrial wastewaters using AERATION and a BIOLOGICAL floc COMPOSED of bacteria and PROTOZOA.

The correct choice is (b) 12,000 m^3

To EXPLAIN: The anaerobic digesters tanks VOLUME is upto 12,000 m^3 and equipped with heating COILS for accurate TEMPERATURE control normally in the mesophilic range (25°-38°, usually 28°-32° in anaerobic DIGESTION).

Right choice is (B) Liquor

For EXPLANATION I would say: Gin is liquor which DERIVES its predominant flavour from juniper berries (Juniperus communis). Gin is one of the broadest categories of spirits, all of various ORIGINS, styles, and flavour profiles that revolve around juniper as a COMMON ingredient.

Correct option is (b) Chimney gas

Best EXPLANATION: A flue is a duct, pipe, or opening in a chimney for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, furnace, water heater, boiler, or generator to the outdoors. Historically the term flue meant the chimney itself. Flue gas is the gas exiting to the atmosphere via a flue, which is a pipe or CHANNEL for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, OVEN, furnace, boiler or STEAM generator. Quite often, the flue gas refers to the combustion exhaust gas produced at power plants.

Correct OPTION is (a) Primary

Best explanation: In primary treatment, PHYSICAL and chemical methods, e.g. sedimentation, coagulation ETC. are included.

The correct ANSWER is (B) False

Easiest explanation: A number of processes to PRODUCE SCP from stillage using SPECIFIC microbes like Geotrichum candidum, Candida utilis or C.tropicalis.

The correct CHOICE is (b) False

To EXPLAIN I would say: Slow sand filter are more efficient for bacterial REMOVAL and less turbidity and color removal whereas for rapid sand filter it is applicable and vice VERSA of slow sand filter.

Correct choice is (d) TOP layer is aerobic

To elaborate: The most often used ponds in domestic WASTEWATER treatment are the stabilization pond and FACULTATIVE lagoon. The stabilization pond is designed to be aerobic throughout its depth and the facultative lagoon will be anaerobic at the bottom and aerobic at the top.

Right ANSWER is (C) STORAGE and transport

Best explanation: A stillage is like a pallet or skid but with a cage or sides or some form of support specifically tailored to the MATERIAL it is intended to carry. Some are designed to be stackable. A stillage is any device on which a cask of ale is placed for service.

The CORRECT option is (C) Accumulation

To explain: Ponding means the untreated effluent accumulating on the SURFACE of the filter bed.

The correct choice is (a) True

The best explanation: POLYELECTROLYTE properties are thus similar to both electrolytes (salts) and polymers (high MOLECULAR weight compounds) and are SOMETIMES CALLED polysalts. Like salts, their solutions are ELECTRICALLY conductive. Like polymers, their solutions are often viscous.

The correct OPTION is (a) True

To explain: LANDFILL GAS is a complex mix of different gases created by the action of microorganisms WITHIN a landfill. Landfill gas is APPROXIMATELY forty to sixty percent methane, with the remainder being mostly carbon dioxide.

Right OPTION is (d) Biosolid formation

For explanation: Biosolids is a term often USED in conjunction with reuse of sewage solids after sewage sludge treatment. Biosolids can be defined as organic wastewater solids that can be REUSED after stabilization PROCESSES such as anaerobic digestion and COMPOSTING.

Correct answer is (b) False

The explanation: Silage is FERMENTED, high-moisture stored fodder which can be fed to cattle, sheep and other such RUMINANTS (cud-chewing animals) or USED as a biofuel feedstock for anaerobic digesters. It is fermented and stored in a process called ensilage, ensiling or silaging, and is usually made from grass crops, INCLUDING maize, sorghum or other cereals, USING the entire green plant (not just the grain). Silage can be made from many field crops, and special terms may be used depending on type: oatlage for oats, haylage for alfalfa.

The correct OPTION is (b) SECONDARY

For EXPLANATION: In secondary treatment, biological METHODS (e.g. activated sludge) are CONDUCTED after primary treatment.

Right choice is (b) False

To elaborate: The solid waste layer becomes laced with these strips of dirt. LANDFILLS are not designed to break down waste, only to store it. But GARBAGE in a LANDFILL does decompose, ALBEIT SLOWLY and in a sealed, oxygen-free environment.

Right answer is (a) True

For explanation I WOULD say: Achieving GOOD agitation is an IMPORTANT part of this. Failure to properly agitate the manure will result in a continuous buildup of settled solids within the storage, resulting in less and less available storage as time goes by. Good agitation of the manure will re-suspend those settled solids and facilitate their removal from the storage ensuring we maintain that capacity we need. Additionally, agitation of the manure helps homogenize it and provide a more consistent nutrient content as it is APPLIED.

Correct choice is (b) PRODUCT of wastewater treatment

To explain: SEWAGE SLUDGE is a product of wastewater treatment. Wastewater and stormwater enter the sewage system and flow into wastewater treatment facilities, where the solid wastes are separated from the LIQUID wastes through settling. At this point, they are processed and “digested”, or decomposed by bacteria.

The correct CHOICE is (d) Aspirin

The explanation is: ANTICOAGULANT DRUGS are used to REDUCE the ability of the blood to clot. Examples of anticoagulants include aspirin, heparin and warfarin.

Right answer is (a) To REDUCE the SIZE of the particle

The explanation is: COMMINUTE defines to reduce the size or divided into small PARTICLES (comminuted) or it can be defined as powdered or PULVERIZED.

Correct option is (a) A flower

To explain I WOULD say: HOPS are the flowers (also called seed cones or strobiles) of the hop plant Humulus lupulus They are used primarily as a flavoring and stability agent in beer, to which they impart bitter, ZESTY, or citric flavours; though they are also used for various PURPOSES in other beverages and herbal medicine.

Right option is (a) True

Easy EXPLANATION: By volume, landfill gas typically contains 45% to 60% methane and 40% to 60% carbon dioxide. Landfill gas ALSO includes small amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, ammonia, SULFIDES, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and nonmethane organic COMPOUNDS (NMOCs) such as trichloroethylene, benzene, and vinyl chloride.

Correct CHOICE is (b) False

Easiest explanation: ALTHOUGH BAKER’s yeast was originally obtained as a brewery by-product, this MARKET has diminished CONSIDERABLY. Most baker’s yeast is now produced directly by a distinct production process.

The correct option is (a) True

To explain I WOULD say: Coagulation is essentially instantaneous WHEREAS flocculation REQUIRES some more time and gentle agitation to achieve “AGGREGATION” of the particles.

Right CHOICE is (b) False

Explanation: Flue Gas Treatment. Waste INCINERATION and many other industrial PROCESSES generate flue gases. These OFTEN contain pollutants such as sulfur oxides (SO2 + SO3), hydrochloric acid (HCl), hydrofluoric acid (HF) as well as heavy metals, dioxins and furans. So it needs to UNDERGO pre-treatment process.

Right CHOICE is (b) Capture of SUSPENDED solids

The explanation is: Primary SLUDGE is a result of the capture of suspended solids and organics in the primary TREATMENT PROCESS through gravitational sedimentation, typically by a primary clarifier. The secondary treatment process uses microorganisms to consume the organic matter in the wastewater.

Right answer is (a) True

The best I can explain: Naturally, the roasting process has a considerable impact on the flavor of the beer. The more the grain is roasted, the more complex and rich the BREW becomes. In particular, roasting tends to bring out stronger flavor notes, including chocolate and toffee. Darker BEERS also TEND to have a HIGHER alcohol CONTENT than light beers. The darker the grain, the darker the beer.

The correct answer is (a) True

Best EXPLANATION: The FILTERS are reversed, in this way, heavy film growth is promoted the first filter to receive the EFFLUENT, but when the filter sequence is reversed it becomes NUTRIENT limited, encouraging excess film removal.

The correct CHOICE is (a) True

The best EXPLANATION: Lagoon is an area of SEA water separated from the sea by a reef (= a LINE of rocks and SAND).

The correct OPTION is (b) An UNSAFE disposal

Explanation: Ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), is a measure for the amount of AMMONIA, a toxic pollutant often found in landfill LEACHATE and in waste products, such as sewage, liquid manure and other liquid organic waste products. Ammonia can directly poison humans and upset the equilibrium of water systems.