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This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

What is autogenous shrinkage?(a) It is not a result of any change in the concrete production process. Rather, it is a result of certain environmental conditions which frequently occur in the Central Missouri area(b) It is defined as the contracting of a hardened concrete mixture due to the loss of capillary water. This shrinkage causes an increase in tensile(c) It is an important phenomenon in young concrete. At low w/c ratios, less than about 0.42, all the water is rapidly drawn into the hydration process and the demand for more water creates very fine capillaries(d) It occurs when the concrete is exposed to air containing carbon dioxideThis question was addressed to me in final exam.My enquiry is from Types of Shrinkage in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Correct option is (c) It is an important phenomenon in young CONCRETE. At LOW w/c RATIOS, less than about 0.42, all the water is rapidly drawn into the hydration process and the demand for more water creates very fine capillaries

The EXPLANATION: It is an important phenomenon in young concrete. At low w/c ratios, less than about 0.42, all the water is rapidly drawn into the hydration process and the demand for more water creates very fine capillaries.

2.

If there is continuous supply of H2O to the concrete during hydration, concrete expands due to absorption of water by the cement gel.(a) True(b) FalseI had been asked this question in an interview for job.The above asked question is from Types of Shrinkage in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The CORRECT OPTION is (a) True

The EXPLANATION: If there is continuous supply of H2O to the CONCRETE during hydration, concrete expands due to absorption of water by the CEMENT gel and it is known as swelling.

3.

It is observed that 66-85% of the 20 years shrinkage occurs in _____(a) 2 weeks(b) 3 months(c) 6 months(d) 1 yearI got this question in an interview for internship.The doubt is from Factors Affecting Shrinkage topic in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The CORRECT ANSWER is (d) 1 year

Easiest explanation: It is OBSERVED that 66 to 85% of the 20 years SHRINKAGE OCCURS in 1 year.

4.

Which aggregates have high shrinkage?(a) Grave(b) Sand stone(c) Quartz(d) GraniteThe question was asked in an internship interview.I need to ask this question from Factors Affecting Shrinkage in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (b) SAND stone

To explain I would SAY: Aggregates plays an important ROLE in the shrinkage properties of concrete. And sand stone has high shrinkage.

5.

Aggregates with moisture movement and _________ elastic modulus cause a _________ amount of creep.(a) High, higher(b) Low, lower(c) High, lower(d) Low, higherI had been asked this question in final exam.Origin of the question is Factors Affecting Creep and Elasticity topic in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (d) Low, higher

To elaborate: AGGREGATES with MOISTURE movement and low elastic modulus cause a LARGE amount of CREEP.

6.

To avoid trapped air produced by clay flocculation, we used ___ in distilled water.(a) (NaPO3)6(b) Na4P2O7(c) Na5P3O10(d) PO4I had been asked this question in a national level competition.My question is taken from Elastic Properties of Aggregates in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Correct choice is (a) (NaPO3)6

Easy explanation: To AVOID trapped air produced by clay flocculation, we USED SODIUM hexametaphosphate in distilled WATER.

7.

IS 456 of 2000 gives the modulus of elasticity as _______(a) Ec = 5000 fck^.5(b) Ec = 5000 fck^2(c) Ec = 5000 fck^3(d) Ec = 5000 fck^1/3I had been asked this question during an internship interview.Asked question is from Elastic Properties of Aggregates topic in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer» RIGHT CHOICE is (a) Ec = 5000 fck^.5

Easy explanation: IS 456 of 2000 gives the MODULUS of elasticity as Ec = 5000 fck^.5 where Ec is the modulus of elasticity in N/mm^2.
8.

Carbonic Acid + Ca(OH)2 ⇨ X. What is the main compound in X?(a) CaCO2(b) CO2(c) CaCO3(d) H2OThe question was posed to me in quiz.I'm obligated to ask this question of Types of Shrinkage topic in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Right option is (c) CaCO3

To EXPLAIN: It is a chemical REACTION. It causes contraction of CONCRETE which is KNOWN as CARBONATION shrinkage.

9.

For the cold-pressed aggregate samples, porosity, bulk and grain densities were measured with __________(a) Hydrostatic pressure(b) Cylindrical cavity(c) Pycnometer(d) Helium porosimeterI have been asked this question in class test.Asked question is from Elastic Properties of Aggregates in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer» RIGHT OPTION is (d) Helium porosimeter

Easy explanation: For the cold-pressed aggregate samples, porosity, bulk and GRAIN DENSITIES were measured at ROOM P–T conditions with a helium porosimeter.
10.

What is carbonation shrinkage?(a) It is not a result of any change in the concrete production process. Rather, it is a result of certain environmental conditions which frequently occur in the Central Missouri area(b) It is defined as the contracting of a hardened concrete mixture due to the loss of capillary water. This shrinkage causes an increase in tensile(c) It is an important phenomenon in young concrete. At low w/c ratios, less than about 0.42, all the water is rapidly drawn into the hydration process and the demand for more water creates very fine capillaries(d) It occurs when the concrete is exposed to air containing carbon dioxideThe question was asked in an internship interview.Question is taken from Types of Shrinkage in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct ANSWER is (d) It occurs when the concrete is exposed to AIR CONTAINING carbon dioxide

Easiest EXPLANATION: It occurs when the concrete is exposed to air containing carbon dioxide.

11.

What is plastic shrinkage?(a) It is not a result of any change in the concrete production process. Rather, it is a result of certain environmental conditions which occurs in the Central Missouri area(b) It is defined as the contracting of a hardened concrete mixture due to the loss of capillary water. This shrinkage causes an increase in tensile(c) It is an important phenomenon in young concrete. At low w/c ratios, less than about 0.42, all the water is rapidly drawn into the hydration process and the demand for more water creates very fine capillaries(d) It occurs when the concrete is exposed to air containing carbon dioxideThe question was asked in an interview.This is a very interesting question from Types of Shrinkage topic in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct answer is (a) It is not a result of any CHANGE in the concrete production process. RATHER, it is a result of CERTAIN environmental conditions which occurs in the Central Missouri area

The explanation is: It is not a result of any change in the concrete production process. Rather, it is a result of certain environmental conditions which occurs in the Central Missouri area.

12.

In practice, shrinkage is measured simply as a ____________(a) Linear strain(b) Linear stress(c) Volumetric strain(d) Volumetric stressI have been asked this question in semester exam.The above asked question is from Shrinkage topic in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Correct ANSWER is (a) LINEAR STRAIN

To explain I would SAY: In practice, shrinkage is measured simply as a linear strain in FRESHLY hardened concrete.

13.

A ________ paste structure undergoes ________ creep.(a) Good, high(b) Poor, high(c) Good, average(d) Poor, lowThe question was posed to me in examination.Asked question is from Factors Affecting Creep and Elasticity in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Right choice is (b) Poor, high

To ELABORATE: The amount of paste content and its QUALITY is one of the most important factors influencing CREEP. A poorer paste structure UNDERGOES HIGHER creep.

14.

Young’s modulus for dickite is___________(a) 5.2 GPa(b) 6.2 GPa(c) 7.2 GPa(d) 8.2 GPaI had been asked this question in an interview for job.The origin of the question is Elastic Properties of Aggregates in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Correct ANSWER is (b) 6.2 GPa

Explanation: YOUNG’s modulus on CLAY particles using atomic force ACOUSTIC microscopy is measured for dickite is 6.2 GPa.

15.

From the below figure, what is A here?(a) Grave(b) Sand stone(c) Quartz(d) GraniteThe question was posed to me in homework.This intriguing question comes from Factors Affecting Shrinkage in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct ANSWER is (a) Grave

For explanation: Aggregates plays an important role in the SHRINKAGE PROPERTIES of CONCRETE. According to option, A is Sand stone.

16.

From the below figure, what does A signify?(a) Drying shrinkage(b) Wetting shrinkage(c) Expansion on re wetting(d) ContractionThis question was posed to me in homework.Asked question is from Shrinkage in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (a) Drying SHRINKAGE

To ELABORATE: A is the total drying shrinkage i.e. of 2 CONTRACTION in the above figure of freshly hardened CONCRETE.

17.

It is observed that 14-34% of the 20 years shrinkage occurs in ________(a) 2 weeks(b) 3 months(c) 6 months(d) 1 yearThe question was posed to me at a job interview.The doubt is from Factors Affecting Shrinkage topic in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct ANSWER is (a) 2 WEEKS

To explain I WOULD say: It is observed that 14-34% of the 20 years shrinkage occurs in 2 weeks.

18.

The rate of creep generally _________ with the _________ of the size of aggregates.(a) Increase, increase(b) Decrease, decease(c) Increase, decrease(d) 2.5, 12mmThis question was posed to me in semester exam.This is a very interesting question from Factors Affecting Creep and Elasticity topic in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»
19.

Reduction in the volume due to shrinkage causes ____________(a) Low volume(b) Volumetric strain(c) Volumetric stress(d) W/c ratioThis question was addressed to me in unit test.My question comes from Shrinkage in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Correct option is (b) Volumetric STRAIN

The BEST explanation: Reduction in the volume due to SHRINKAGE causes volumetric strain in freshly HARDENED concrete.

20.

Creep ___ as the age of application of load _____(a) Increase, increase(b) Increase, decrease(c) Decrease, decrease(d) Decrease, increaseThis question was addressed to me during an online interview.Origin of the question is Creep in portion Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (d) Decrease, increase

The EXPLANATION is: Creep decreases as the age of application of LOAD increases, because of STRENGTH increases.

21.

According to Lamond and Pielert, it’s the ____ that exhibits creep upon application of load on a concrete specimen.(a) Aggregates(b) Water(c) Cement paste(d) AdmixturesI got this question during an interview.I'd like to ask this question from Creep topic in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Correct choice is (C) Cement PASTE

The explanation is: According to Lamond and Pielert, it’s the cement paste that EXHIBITS CREEP upon APPLICATION of load on a concrete specimen.

22.

However, fall of temperature and carbonation may also cause shrinkage.(a) True(b) FalseI got this question in a job interview.The question is from Shrinkage topic in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct option is (a) True

To ELABORATE: HOWEVER, fall of temperature and CARBONATION MAY ALSO cause shrinkage.

23.

Volumetric strain is equal to ___________ times the linear strain.(a) 1(b) 2(c) 3(d) 4I had been asked this question in a job interview.This intriguing question comes from Shrinkage in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (c) 3

Best explanation: Volumetric STRAIN is equal to 3 TIMES the linear strain in freshly hardened CONCRETE.

24.

Creep is ____________(a) Time dependent(b) Time independent(c) Pressure dependent(d) Temperature dependentI had been asked this question during an interview.The doubt is from Creep in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (a) Time dependent

Explanation: It is the time-dependent deformation that OCCURS on the prolonged APPLICATION of stress.

25.

If the value of fck is 100 then what will be the modulus of elasticity?(a) 5000(b) 500(c) 50000(d) 50I had been asked this question in final exam.My enquiry is from Elastic Properties of Aggregates in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»
26.

The magnitude of autogenous shrinkage is ________(a) .001(b) .0001(c) .01(d) .1I got this question in examination.This is a very interesting question from Factors Affecting Shrinkage in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (c) .01

For explanation I WOULD SAY: The magnitude of autogenous SHRINKAGE is in the order of about .0001.

27.

Reduction in the volume due to shrinkage causes _____(a) Low volume(b) Volumetric strain(c) Volumetric stress(d) W/c ratioThis question was posed to me at a job interview.I'm obligated to ask this question of Types of Shrinkage topic in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Right answer is (B) Volumetric strain

The explanation: Reduction in the volume DUE to shrinkage causes volumetric strain in freshly HARDENED concrete.

28.

The rate of creep rapidly ________ with time.(a) Increase(b) Decrease(c) Doesn’t affect(d) Depends on the temperatureI have been asked this question by my school principal while I was bunking the class.I need to ask this question from Factors Affecting Creep and Elasticity topic in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Right choice is (b) Decrease

To explain I WOULD say: The rate of creep rapidly decreases with TIME. The time taken by a concrete structure to attained creep is 5 YEARS.

29.

Coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete is ________ coefficient of thermal expansion in aggregates.(a) Directly proportional(b) Inversely proportional(c) Equal(d) More thanThe question was asked in exam.I'm obligated to ask this question of Factors Affecting Creep and Elasticity in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Right CHOICE is (a) Directly proportional

To elaborate: Coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete INCREASES with the INCREASE in coefficient of thermal expansion of aggregates and vice-versa.

30.

If the stress is removed, the specimen shows an instantaneous recovery strain ___ the elastic strain on loading.(a) Higher than(b) Lower than(c) Equal to(d) Much greater thanI had been asked this question by my college director while I was bunking the class.Enquiry is from Creep topic in portion Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct option is (b) Lower than

The EXPLANATION: If the stress is removed, the specimen shows an instantaneous recovery STRAIN lower than the elastic strain on loading, FOLLOWED by gradual decrease in strain (creep recovery) over TIME.

31.

What are elastic strains?(a) These are the instantaneous deformations that occur when an external stress is first applied(b) These deformations occur either on loss of moisture from the concrete on cooling of concrete(c) It is the time-dependent deformation that occurs on the prolonged application of stress(d) Any one or combinations of the above types of deformations in a hardened concrete leads to crackingI have been asked this question at a job interview.This is a very interesting question from Elastic Properties of Aggregates in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer» CORRECT answer is (a) These are the INSTANTANEOUS deformations that occur when an EXTERNAL stress is first applied

The explanation: Elastic STRAIN in concrete, as defined above, depends on the externally applied stress and the MODULUS of elasticity of concrete.
32.

If the concrete is placed in 100% relative humidity for a length of time then there WON’T be any shrinkage.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me in an online interview.This intriguing question originated from Factors Affecting Shrinkage topic in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct ANSWER is (a) True

To elaborate: If the CONCRETE is placed in 100% relative HUMIDITY for a LENGTH of time then there won’t be any shrinkage instead there’ll be slight swelling.

33.

From the below figure, what does B signify?(a) Drying shrinkage(b) Wetting shrinkage(c) Expansion on re wetting(d) ContractionI had been asked this question in an online quiz.My question is based upon Shrinkage in portion Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer» RIGHT option is (c) Expansion on re wetting

To explain I WOULD say: In the above figure, B signifies the expansion on re wetting from higher CONCENTRATION of DRYING to lower.
34.

Which aggregates have low shrinkage?(a) Grave(b) Sand stone(c) Quartz(d) GraniteThe question was posed to me by my school principal while I was bunking the class.Origin of the question is Factors Affecting Shrinkage in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The CORRECT option is (c) Quartz

To explain I WOULD say: Aggregates plays an important ROLE in the shrinkage properties of concrete. And quartz has low shrinkage.

35.

The _________ the modulus of elasticity the _________ is the creep.(a) Higher, more(b) Lower, more(c) Higher, less(d) Lower, lessI got this question in an interview for job.The doubt is from Factors Affecting Creep and Elasticity topic in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (c) Higher, LESS

The best I can explain: It can be easily imagined that the higher the modulus of ELASTICITY the less is the creep.

36.

It is observed that 40-80% of the 20 years shrinkage occurs in _____________(a) 2 weeks(b) 3 months(c) 6 months(d) 1 yearThe question was asked during an online interview.Question is from Factors Affecting Shrinkage in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (b) 3 MONTHS

To elaborate: It is observed that 40-80% of the 20 YEARS shrinkage OCCURS in 3 months.

37.

Shrinkage is the reduction in the volume of a fresh hardened concrete exposed to ambient temp and humidity.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was posed to me in an internship interview.I need to ask this question from Shrinkage in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Right answer is (a) True

The best explanation: SHRINKAGE is the REDUCTION in the VOLUME of a fresh hardened CONCRETE exposed to ambient TEMP and humidity.

38.

The __________ the aggregate, the ________ is the magnitude of creep.(a) Stronger, more(b) Weaker, more(c) Stronger, less(d) Weaker, lessI got this question during an interview.Origin of the question is Factors Affecting Creep and Elasticity in portion Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Correct ANSWER is (c) Stronger, less

Explanation: The stronger the aggregate the more is the RESTRAINING effect and HENCE the less is the MAGNITUDE of CREEP.

39.

Static modulus of elasticity of concrete has been related to its ________(a) Tensile strength(b) Compressive strength(c) External strength(d) Applied forceI got this question during an online exam.The query is from Elastic Properties of Aggregates topic in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer» RIGHT OPTION is (b) Compressive strength

Best explanation: Static modulus of ELASTICITY of concrete has been related to its compressive strength by the various STANDARDS.
40.

Clay minerals are found in most _________(a) Igneous Environment(b) Sedimentary environment(c) Metamorphic environment(d) In all environmentThe question was posed to me in quiz.The origin of the question is Elastic Properties of Aggregates topic in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer» CORRECT option is (b) Sedimentary environment

The best I can explain: Clay MINERALS are common in sedimentary formations and seismic measurements are our main tools for STUDYING sub-surface lithology.
41.

Theoretical value for bulk modulus of clay __________(a) 20 and 50 GPa(b) 30 and 40 GPa(c) 100-150 GPa(d) 200 GPaThis question was posed to me during an internship interview.This intriguing question comes from Elastic Properties of Aggregates topic in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer» CORRECT choice is (a) 20 and 50 GPA

The explanation is: Theoretical VALUE for BULK MODULUS of clay are reported between 20 and 50 GPa.
42.

ACI 305.R.91 specifies Evaporation rate __ kg/hr/m^2 should be avoided to prevent plastic cracking.(a) .5(d) Not equal to .5This question was addressed to me by my college professor while I was bunking the class.This intriguing question comes from Types of Shrinkage in division Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Right choice is (C) >.5

To ELABORATE: ACI 305.R.91 specifies EVAPORATION rate >0.5 kg/hr/m^2 should be AVOIDED to PREVENT plastic cracking.

43.

From the below figure, what is B here?(a) Grave(b) Sand stone(c) Quartz(d) GraniteI got this question in final exam.My question is taken from Factors Affecting Shrinkage topic in chapter Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Right CHOICE is (d) Granite

Easiest explanation: Aggregates PLAYS an IMPORTANT ROLE in the SHRINKAGE properties of concrete. According to option, B is Granite.

44.

Shrinkage in concrete is caused mainly by a loss of water by evaporation or by hydration of cement.(a) True(b) FalseI got this question in an interview for internship.My doubt is from Shrinkage in portion Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct choice is (a) True

To EXPLAIN: SHRINKAGE in concrete is caused mainly by a loss of WATER by evaporation or by HYDRATION of CEMENT.

45.

Static modulus of elasticity of concrete has been related to its ___________(a) Tensile strength(b) Compressive strength(c) External strength(d) Applied forceThe question was posed to me by my college professor while I was bunking the class.My enquiry is from Factors Affecting Creep and Elasticity topic in portion Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

The correct option is (B) COMPRESSIVE strength

The explanation is: Static modulus of elasticity of CONCRETE has been related to its compressive strength by the VARIOUS Standards.

46.

Aggregate has therefore a direct effect on the long-term deformations of concrete because __________(a) Low elastic modulus aggregate will produce a stiffer concrete that will have relatively higher resistance to deformation(b) High elastic modulus aggregate will produce a stiffer concrete that will have relatively higher resistance to deformation(c) High elastic modulus aggregate will produce a stiffer concrete that will have relatively lower resistance to deformation(d) Low elastic modulus aggregate will produce a stiffer concrete that will have relatively lower resistance to deformationThe question was posed to me during an interview.My query is from Creep topic in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer» CORRECT ANSWER is (b) High elastic modulus aggregate will produce a stiffer CONCRETE that will have relatively higher resistance to deformation

Best explanation: Aggregate has therefore a direct effect on the long-term DEFORMATIONS of concrete because a high elastic modulus aggregate will produce a stiffer concrete that will have relatively higher resistance to deformation.
47.

How many types of shrinkages, caused due to loss of water?(a) 1(b) 2(c) 3(d) 4The question was asked in examination.Asked question is from Shrinkage topic in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer» RIGHT choice is (c) 3

Easy explanation: There are 3 types of shrinkage that are caused DUE to LOSS of WATER i.e. plastic, drying and autogenous.
48.

This strain increases over time due to _________(a) Creep(b) Elastic modulus(c) Short term modulus of elasticity(d) Long term modulus of elasticityI have been asked this question in a job interview.My query is from Creep topic in portion Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer»

Right choice is (a) Creep

For explanation: This strain increases over TIME due to creep where the CONCRETE will EXPERIENCE inelastic DEFORMATION.

49.

If θ is creep coefficient then what is Elong?(a) Eshort /(1+θ)(b) Eshort *(1+θ)(c) Eavg /(1+θ)(d) Eavg *(1+θ)The question was posed to me in a job interview.This intriguing question comes from Creep in portion Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer» CORRECT answer is (a) Eshort /(1+θ)

The EXPLANATION: Eshort /(1+θ), Where θ is CREEP coefficient and Creep coefficient is the RATIO of creep strain to elastic strain.
50.

What is drying shrinkage?(a) It is not a result of any change in the concrete production process. Rather, it is a result of certain environmental conditions which frequently occur in the Central Missouri area(b) It is defined as the contracting of a hardened concrete mixture due to the loss of capillary water. This shrinkage causes an increase in tensile(c) It is an important phenomenon in young concrete. At low w/c ratios, less than about 0.42, all the water is rapidly drawn into the hydration process and the demand for more water creates very fine capillaries(d) It occurs when the concrete is exposed to air containing carbon dioxideThis question was addressed to me in an online quiz.The above asked question is from Types of Shrinkage in section Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete Technology

Answer» CORRECT option is (b) It is defined as the contracting of a hardened concrete mixture due to the loss of CAPILLARY WATER. This shrinkage causes an increase in tensile

For EXPLANATION I WOULD say: It is defined as the contracting of a hardened concrete mixture due to the loss of capillary water. This shrinkage causes an increase in tensile.