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Emotional abuse is any kind of abuse that is emotional rather than physical in nature. It occurs when one person subjects or exposes another person to intentionally harmful behaviour that may result in anxiety, depression and psychological trauma to the victim. 

The types of emotional abuse may be

1. verbal abuse such as blaming, insulting, labeling, threatening, swearing, etc. 

2. non verbal abuse such as ignoring, rejection, bullying, spying, etc.

The most important technique is to break the silence and stand up for yourself.

1. Accept that emotional abuse is not because of you, i.e., don’t justify the actions of the abuser. 

2. Respond assertively to the abuser but seek distance from him. 

3. Give yourself time to heal. 

4. Prioritize your self-care, e.g., eating right, exercise, etc. 

5. Mobilise support from family and friends. If needed, seek professional help.

Anger is a common emotion that everybody experiences in life from time to time. Anger is a normal response to some threat. It is a protective emotion that help us to defend ourselves against physical/ psychological harm. However, anger may also be unwanted, irrational and destructive. When we experience anger, our amygdala goes into action and overrides the cerebral cortex which is in control of thinking and evaluation.

Triggers of anger refer to any event that signals the brain to activate the body’s anger system. The triggers may be (i) verbal, for e.g., being blamed, disrespected or abused (ii) non-verbal, for e.g., being ignored unappreciated or rejected, (iii) physical such as physical threats, sexual/ physical assault, etc.

There are three factors involved in the experience of anger: A trigger (causes of anger) → individual’s personality → particular interpretation of that situation. As the experience of anger is subjective, it can be controlled too. If we understand the triggers of anger, we can anticipate potential anger episodes and provide an intentional / acceptable response.

The emotional center of the brain is the Limbic system and is more primitive than the cerebral cortex. It is located in the lower section of the brain. Hence when a person is experiencing and expressing anger, he or she is not using the cortex (thinking section) but primarily functioning from the limbic system. In the limbic system, a small structure called Amygdala which is a storehouse of emotional memories plays an important role in the emotional outbursts. The data coming in from the world around us passes through the amygdala where the decision is made whether to send the data to the limbic or cortex area of the brain.

If the incoming data triggers enough of an emotional charge, the amygdala can override the cortex, which means the data will be sent to the limbic system causing the person to react using the lower part of the brain. During an overriding event, the amygdala goes into action without much regard for the consequences (since this area of the brain is not involved in judging, thinking, or evaluating).

Eg. You are waiting patiently in the queue at the bank, a person comes and cuts the line and moves ahead of you, you scream at them and ask them to go back. On an average, it can take 20 minutes for a person who has experienced an angry state of arousal to calm, to move from functioning from the emotional area to the thinking area of the brain.

Emotional abuse is any kind of abuse that is emotional rather than physical in nature. It occurs when one person subjects or exposes another person to intentionally harmful behaviour that may result in anxiety, depression and psychological trauma. The types of emotional abuse may be (i) verbal abuse such as blaming, insulting, labeling, threatening, swearing, etc. (ii) non verbal abuse such as ignoring, rejection, bullying, spying, etc. Some of the techniques to deal with emotional abuse are

1. Accept that emotional abuse is not because of you i.e. don’t justify the actions of the abuser. 

2. Respond assertively to the abuser but seek distance from him/her. 

3. Give yourself time to heal. 

4. Prioritize your self-care, e.g., eating right, exercise, etc. 

5. Mobilise support from family and friends. If needed, seek professional help.

If I realize that I have been emotionally abused by my good friend I will adopt the following steps.

1. Disengage from the friendship and set personal boundaries 

2. Understand that I am not the cause of abuse and so respond assertively to the abuser 

3. Practice self care and give myself time to heal 

4. If necessary seek guidance from other friends or my family / teachers.

I will feel disappointment as well as sadness. I will meet the friend and tell him that his lack of courtesy has hurt me.

I will feel anger as well as disgusted on witnessing this outbust. I will try to calm Anish and make him realise the harm that his anger can cause.

I will be a little sad and disappointed but will accept my friend’s decision sportingly.

1. Happiness 

2. Surprise 

3. Anger 

4. Fear 

5. Surprise 

6. Disgust

I will obviously feel immense happiness.

Emotional well-being means managing our emotions, both positive and negative ones, so that we can lead a healthy and productive life. Persons who have high emotional well-being experience benefits such as- (i) better able to deal with stress (ii) better self-regulation (iii) increased productivity in tasks undertaken (iv) increased creativity (v) life satisfaction due to meaningful activities and relationship.

1. Coping with stress – It helps to deal with stress using healthy methods such as exercise, social support, etc. 

2. Better self-regulation – It enables the person to label how they feel and accept negative emotions life fear, anger, etc. 

3. Increases productivity in tasks undertaken – The ability to focus is enhanced, the person feels positive and energized.

4. Increases creativity – The person indulges in divergent thinking, shows curiosity is open to new experiences. 

5. Life satisfaction – The individual is able to have meaningful interactions and relationships, show empathy, altruism and engage in activities like volunteer work.

Anger is a common emotion that everybody experiences in life from time to time. Anger is a normal response to some threat. It is a protective emotion that helps us to defend ourselves against physical/ psychological harm. However, anger may also be unwanted, irrational and destructive. When we experience anger, our amygdala goes into action and overrides the cerebral cortex which is in control of thinking and evaluation. Triggers of anger refer to any event that signals the brain to activate the body’s anger system. The triggers may be (i) verbal, for e.g., being blamed, disrespected or abused (ii) non-verbal, for e.g., being ignored unappreciated or rejected, (iii) physical such as physical threats, sexual/ physical assault, etc.

There are three factors involved in the experience of anger: A trigger (causes of anger) → individual’s personality → particular interpretation of that situation. As the experience of anger is subjective, it can be controlled too. If we understand the triggers of anger, we can anticipate potential anger episodes and provide an intentional/ acceptable response such as it may energize us towards solving problems. As anger is a powerful emotion, it must be kept in check to avoid it’s destructive out comes.

Emotional well-being means managing our emotions, both positive and negative ones, so that we can lead a healthy and productive life. Persons who have high emotional well-being experience benefits such as

1. better able to deal with stress

2. better self-regulation 

3. increased productivity in tasks undertaken 

4. increased creativity and openness to new experiences 

5. life satisfaction due to meaningful activities and relationship.

Answer is (c) Jealousy

Answer is (c) 6

Answer is (b) Cannon-Bard

Correct option is (a) physical arousal

Correct option is (c) Emotions

True

Positive emotions energise is True

True

Emotional well-being is not easily observable is True

Correct option is (a) endorphins