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The average temperature of the earth is increasing.

1. Air Pollution 

2. Water Pollution 

3. Soil pollution 

4. Noise pollution 

5. Loss of bio diversity 

6. Solid waste management.

Environment Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.

Excessive exploitation.

Bio-diversity is a vital resource of the earth. Every creature has a specific genetic structure, which is an important natural resource. Existence of various types of plants, living organisms and micro-organisms is the basis of bio-diversity.

1. By adapting appropriate water drainage system. 

2. Properly utilizing the water.

It is important for the ecological system.

1. Use of clean fuel. 

2. Lessening the dependence on Thermal power plants.

To fully eradicate all types of poverty.

Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Need of Sustainable development : Economic activities bear an effect on environment. Therefore the protection of environment is necessary along with the fulfillment of the needs of the present population. Economic activities should be in harmony with the environment. The utilization of renewable resources should be done without reducing their previous levels. As the use of trees should be done with tree plantation. The utilization of nonrenewable resources should not be more than the equivalent quantity of alternative means. The burden of population should be in conformity to the availability of natural capital. Excessive population will have an adverse effect on our capability to fulfill the need of future generations.

The environment friendly sources of energy should be used, like wind energy, solar energy, gobar gas, and mini hydel plants and their development should be done rapidly because on one hand, the production of electricity from coal and petrol is decreasing their stable stock, and on the other hand, it is a cause of pollution. These poisonous materials enter our food through agricultural products and water.

Sustainable development that meets the of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Answer is: (c) 1974

Answer is: (a) 7

1. For ecological system 

2. For agricultural production. 

3. For availability of medicines- today, almost 60% of the medicines in the world are obtained from plants, organisms and micro-organisms. 

4. For retaining the beauty of nature, bio-diversity is important. 

5. For the availability of natural resources for human life.

1. To develop the public transport system. 

2. To control the population, so that the burden of population many be decreased upon the Limited resources.

Using bio-fertilizers and bio-pesticides in place of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture and employing an efficient system of irrigation.

1. Dependence on the traditional sources of energy. 

2. Dependence on the thermal plants for energy.

Chloroflorocarbon destroys the ozone layer, due to which the ultraviolet rays come directly to the earth. This has an adverse impact on crop productivity and also causes skin cancer.

A concentrated layer of ozone is found in the atmosphere at a height of 20-60 km from the earth’s surface. This layer absorbs the ultraviolet rays coming from the sun.

1. Cutting of forests. 

2. Excessive animal grazing. 

3. Use of agricultural pesticides. 

4. Rapid water run-off. 

5. Improper solid waste management. 

6. Exploitation of underground water resources without compensating for their use. 

7. Lack of proper irrigation facilities.

1. To fully eradicate all types of poverty. 

2. To ensure availability of portable, trustworthy and modem energy. 

3. To overcome the gender inequality ratio and empowerment of girl child and women. 

4. To ensure health to people of all ages.

The term ‘sustainable development’ was firstly used mainly in the year 1980 by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources in its World Conservation Policy.

Chlorofluorocorbon is emitted through air conditionersref, rigeration system, fire extinguishers, etc.

1. Rapidly increasing industries and failure of industrial units to employ pollution control systems. 

2. Destruction of forest areas, and accordingly, lack of tree plantation and excessive grazing. 

3. The amount of carbon emission is increasing due to increase in number of vehicles and their increasing emission. 

4. Increasing use of chemical fertilizers and insecticides, inappropriate system of irrigation and lack of proper disposal of agricultural wastes.

1. To have proper arrangement of waste disposal in residential areas. 

2. Plastic, metal scrap, electronic scrap and nuclear waste should be disposed off according to their nature.

3. To release the waste disposals from the hospitals separately. 

4. Throwing of waste in open places should be prohibited. 

5. Enclosed vehicles should be used to carry solid waste to their disposal place.

The Central Pollution Control Board of India is a statutory organization under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. It was established in 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. It has 7 regional offices and 5 laboratories under its control. It manages environment estimation and research. It aims to promote cleanliness of streams and wells in different areas of the States by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution, and to improve the quality of air, and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country.

Besides this, CPCB has an automatic monitoring station at ITO Intersection in New Delhi. At this station, Resizable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Ozone (03), Sulphur Dioxide (S02), Nitrogen Dioxide (N02) are being monitored regularly.

Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable development is the organizing principle for meeting human development goals, while, at the same time, sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystem services upon which the economy and society depend. The desired result is a state of society where living conditions and resource use continue to meet human needs without undermining the integrity and stability of the natural system.