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Correct answer is (d) Amrita DEVI BISHNOI Wildlife Protection Award

To elaborate: The individuals or communities from rural areas that have shown extraordinary courage, a significant contribution, and dedication in the protection of wildlife in the Country are awarded by the Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife Protection Award. Along with this a cash award of RUPEES, ONE lakh is also given to that individual/community.

The correct answer is (B) Protection of forest

To EXPLAIN: The Chipko Movement was a non-violent social and ECOLOGICAL movement by RURAL villagers launched for the protection of forests. It was DONE in 1974 in the Garhwal Himalayas.

Right answer is (c) Reforestation

Easiest explanation: The process of RESTORING or re-growing a forest that once existed but was removed or cut-down in the PAST is KNOWN as the reforestation. It is ALSO known as AFFORESTATION. It may occur naturally but the process can be sped up by planting more trees.

The CORRECT ANSWER is (a) 19.4 %

Easiest explanation: Almost 30 percent of the land in India was covered by forests at the beginning of the twentieth century. This was REDUCED to 19.4 percent at the end of the century. The main reason for this depletion was increasing deforestation due to the increase in the HUMAN POPULATION.

The correct choice is (b) Jhum cultivation

Best explanation: The PROCESS of GROWING crops by cutting down the trees and vegetation of the forest and burning the plant remains for agriculture is known as jhum cultivation. It is ALSO known as the slash and burn agriculture and is mostly practiced in the north-eastern STATES of India.

Correct CHOICE is (d) Montreal PROTOCOL

Easiest explanation: To CONTROL the emission of ozone-depleting SUBSTANCES an international treaty, known as the Montreal Protocol, was signed. It was signed in 1987 by more than 175 countries in Montreal (Canada).

Correct answer is (d) Antarctic region

Easy explanation: The stratosphere found in the upper layer of the atmosphere has GOOD OZONE. This layer acts as a SHIELD and absorbs the harmful, injurious ultraviolet (UV) radiations from the sun. In the Antarctic region, the DEPLETION of ozone particularly marked.

The correct option is (b) Chlorofluorocarbons

The explanation: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) enhances the degradation of ozone by DISTURBING the CYCLE of ozone formation. CFCs UPON entering in stratosphere react with UV and RELEASE chlorine ions. These ions act as catalysts and degrade ozone releasing MOLECULAR oxygen.

Right option is (a) DOBSON units

Explanation: Dobson unit (DU) is USED to measure the THICKNESS of the ozone in a COLUMN of air from the ground to the TOP of the atmosphere. A layer of pure ozone that is 0.01 mm thick at standard temperature and pressure is equivalent to one Dobson unit.

The correct answer is (B) Planting trees

Explanation: The increase in temperature of EARTH due to an increase in the level of greenhouse GASES is known as global warming. This leads to various CHANGES in the environment. This can be controlled by planting trees and afforestation.

The correct option is (d) GLOBAL WARMING

The explanation: Global warming is the phenomenon occurring due to an increase in the level of greenhouse gases. This leads to considerable heating and an increase in temperature of Earth leading to deleterious CHANGES in the environment. This CAUSES odd climatic changes.

The correct choice is (b) Carbon DIOXIDE

Explanation: The gases that lead to the HEATING of EARTH’s SURFACE and atmosphere due to the radiation from a planet’s atmosphere are KNOWN as greenhouse gases. They are responsible for the greenhouse effect. Some gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, etc.

Right choice is (C) Greenhouse effect

For explanation: The naturally occurring phenomenon is responsible for HEATING of Earth’s surface and atmosphere due to the radiation from a planet’s atmosphere is CALLED the greenhouse effect. It makes the atmosphere of Earth COMFORTABLE to live.

Right answer is (d) Heat

The best I can explain: The plants such as FLOWERS and VEGETABLES requiring regulated CLIMATIC conditions are grown in a GREENHOUSE that is made up of transparent material. The heat is not allowed to escape out from the greenhouse that warms the internal environment.

The correct answer is (b) Heat

Best EXPLANATION: A greenhouse is a building made of transparent material in which plants REQUIRING regulated climatic conditions are grown. It has a glass PANEL that ALLOWS the entry of LIGHT but does not allow the departure of light.

The correct answer is (a) Greenhouse

For explanation I WOULD say: A building MADE of transparent MATERIAL, in which plants requiring regulated CLIMATIC conditions are grown is CALLED a greenhouse. In this, the plants are grown especially during winters.

Correct option is (b) That occurs in a greenhouse

The explanation is: A greenhouse, also called a GLASSHOUSE is a building made of transparent material, in which plants such as FLOWERS and vegetables requiring regulated CLIMATIC conditions are grown. The word greenhouse GIVES rise to the term ‘Greenhouse effect’.

The correct choice is (d) URANIUM

For explanation: The most hazardous element among the following is uranium. It is a silvery-grey metal and its isotopes are highly unstable and RADIOACTIVE. This is EXTREMELY HARMFUL to HUMANS and creates various disorders and can be fatal.

Right choice is (c) RADIOACTIVE waste

The best I can EXPLAIN: Nuclear radiation is the emission or transmission of particles and PHOTONS in the form of waves or particles GIVEN off by nuclear waste during any nuclear reaction. This waste is usually disposed of in the deep pits dug in DESERT areas or in the sea bottom.

Right answer is (d) NUCLEAR waste

The BEST I can explain: The pollutants of nuclear waste are potent and strong that is can CAUSE severe damage even in low DOSES. The hazardous waste containing radioactive material is nuclear waste.

The correct answer is (C) High dose

The BEST I can EXPLAIN: The emission or transmission of small particles in the form of waves or particles given off by nuclear WASTE during any nuclear reaction is known as nuclear RADIATION. If given in high dose these radiations are harmful and can be lethal.

The correct choice is (d) RADIATION

The EXPLANATION: Nuclear radiation is the emission or TRANSMISSION of particles and photons in the form of waves or particles given off by nuclear WASTE during any nuclear reaction. This is extremely harmful to humans as it causes mutations at a very high RATE which may be fatal.

Right answer is (a) ACCIDENTAL LEAKAGE

To explain: The energy obtained by the splitting of atoms in a reactor that is used for the generation of steam using hot water for turning a TURBINE and GENERATING electricity is known as nuclear energy. Accidental leakage is the MAIN problem occurring due to the use of nuclear energy (Three Mile Island and Chernobyl incidents).

Right option is (B) Nuclear energy

Explanation: The energy in the core of an ATOM that COMES from splitting atoms in a reactor to generate steam USING hot water for turning a turbine and generating electricity is KNOWN as nuclear energy. Initially, it was approved as a non-polluting way of generating electricity.

Correct answer is (d) Waste products of one PROCESS are used as a nutrient for other processes

The explanation is: A cyclic and zero waste procedure that primarily AIMS at cultivating the land and raising crops in such a way that the waste products of one process is used as a nutrient for other process is known as integrated organic farming. It MAXIMIZES income in relation to AREA, time, and efforts.

Right choice is (c) Integrated organic FARMING

To explain I WOULD say: A CYCLICAL and zero waste procedure that PRIMARILY aims at cultivating the land and RAISING crops in such a way that the waste products of one process is used as a nutrient for other process is known as integrated organic farming. It maximizes income in relation to area, time, and efforts.

The correct option is (d) Agricultural WATER pollution

Explanation: Fertilizers and farm animal WASTE LEAD to agricultural water pollution. When CHEMICALS from fertilizers and pesticides make their way into the groundwater they contaminate the only usable water source.

Right choice is (d) PESTICIDES

For explanation: A chemical used to help manage AGRICULTURE and farming area is known as an agrochemical and if this chemical does any harm to the ecosystem it is considered as agrochemical WASTE. Pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, FUNGICIDES, and nematicides, are the agrochemical waste that is sprayed on plants to increase their growth.

The CORRECT ANSWER is (a) Soil

The EXPLANATION is: An AGROCHEMICAL is a chemical used to help manage agriculture and farming AREA. When this chemical harms the ecosystem it is said to be the agrochemical waste. This waste mainly leads to the pollution of soil.

The CORRECT choice is (b) Pesticides

The best I can explain: An AGRICULTURAL chemical used to HELP manage agriculture and farming area is known as an agrochemical. It includes insecticides, herbicides, fungicides and nematicides, antibiotics, and PLANT hormones. When any of the above chemicals harm the ecosystem it is SAID to be the agrochemical waste.

The correct choice is (d) Gobar GAS

The explanation is: The bio-degradable waste can be used to produce the gobar gas. Also known as biogas, it is a mixture of methane, CARBON DIOXIDE, hydrogen, and hydrogen sulfide PRODUCED by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.

The CORRECT choice is (c) Incineration

Easiest explanation: Incineration is a method USED for the disposal of SOLID waste. It is a PROCESS that involves the combustion of organic substances through controlled burning. An incinerator (a furnace where waste is burnt) is COMMONLY used for this process.

The CORRECT answer is (c) PATHOGENS

Explanation: Medical waste is any kind of waste that contains infectious material PRODUCED during the DIAGNOSIS, treatment, or immunization of animals. It contains pathogens, chemicals, needles, organic waste, etc.

Right ANSWER is (d) MINE-dust, rock trailing

To explain I would say: The high-volume material generated during processes of extraction, BENEFICIATION, and further PHYSICAL and chemical processing of METALS and non-metals is known as mining waste. Mine-dust, rock trailing, toxic metals, etc. are included in mine waste.

Correct choice is (c) Bio-degradable

Easy explanation: The biodegradable waste includes any ORGANIC matter obtained from plants or animals that can be put into deep pits in the ground and be LEFT for the natural breakdown. This breakdown can be DONE by micro-organisms and other living things by composting, AEROBIC digestion, anaerobic digestion using different enzymes to OBTAIN essential food and nutrients.

Correct ANSWER is (b) PLASTIC waste

For explanation: Plastic waste contributes heavily to environmental pollution. It includes plastic that isn’t recycled and plastic TAKES centuries to degrade. This plastic may enter into water BODIES and harm aquatic life.

The correct ANSWER is (a) Municipality Solid waste

To elaborate: The wastes from homes, hospitals, offices, schools, stores, etc., that includes food wastes, GLASS, metals, leather, paper, plastics, rubber, TEXTILE,yard wastes, toxic waste, biomedical waste, etc. that is collected and disposed of by the municipality is CALLED municipality solid waste. This waste VARIES with the municipality.

Correct choice is (B) Solid waste

Easiest explanation: Every material that GOES to trash is known as solid waste. It may be any garbage, refuse, that may include any solid, LIQUID, semi-solid, or contained gaseous material that is obtained from any industrial, COMMERCIAL, or community ACTIVITIES.