1438 + Interview Questions in EVOLUTION IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 5 InterviewSolution

201.	Name the scientists who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation of life ?
Answer» Correct Answer - Spallanzani, Radi and Pasteur

Discussion

202.	What are meteorites ?
Answer» Correct Answer - Fragments of rock falling from space onto the earth.

Discussion

203.	Extra - terrestrial origin of life was proposed by theory ofA. CatastrophismB. Spontaneous generationC. Special creationD. Panspermia
Answer» Correct Answer - D Extra terrestrial origin of life was proposed by theory of panspermia.

Discussion

204.	In early, water and carbon dioxide was produced by the combination of `O_(2)` withA. Ammonia and methaneB. Organic matterC. Hydrogen sulphideD. Sulphates and nitrates
Answer» Correct Answer - A In early earth, water and carbn dioxide was propduced by the combination of `O_(2)` with ammonia and methane.

Discussion

205.	Match the column I and II, and choose the correct combination from the options given. A. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4B. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3C. a-1, b-2, c-4, d-3D. a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4
Answer» Correct Answer - C `{:((a),"Origin of earth",1., "4500 mya (4.5 bya)"),((b),"Origin of life",2.,"4000 mya (4.0 bya)"),((c),"Origin of first cellular form of life",4.,"2000 mya (2.0 bya)"),((d),"Origin of first non-cellular form of life",3,"3000 mya (3.0 bya)"):}`

Discussion

206.	When we say "survival of tire fittest", does it mean that; (a) Those which are fit only survive or (b) Those that survive are called 'fit' comment.
Answer» Those which survive and reproduce in their respective environment are called fit.

Discussion

207.	In a certain population, the frequency of three genotypes is as follows: Genotypes: BB, BbbbFrequency: 22%, 62%, 16% What is the likely frequency of B and b alleles?
Answer» Frequency of B allele = all of BB + 1/2 of Bb = 22 + 31 = 53% Frequency of b allele = all of bb + 1/2 of Bb = 16 + 31 = 47%

207.

In a certain population, the frequency of three genotypes is as follows: Genotypes: BB, BbbbFrequency: 22%, 62%, 16% What is the likely frequency of B and b alleles?

Answer»

Frequency of B allele

= all of BB + 1/2 of Bb = 22 + 31 = 53%

Frequency of b allele

= all of bb + 1/2 of Bb = 16 + 31 = 47%

Discussion

208.	How do we compute the age of a rock?
Answer» Age of rock is computed by radiocarbon dating, potassium-argon dating, uranium-lead dating and rubidium-strontium dating method.

Discussion

209.	When we talk of functional macro-molecules (e.g., proteins as enzymes, hormones, receptors, antibodies etc.), towards what are they evolving?
Answer» Similarities in proteins and genes performing a given function among diverse organisms give clues to common ancestry. These biochemical similarities point to the same shared ancestry as structural similarities among diverse organisms. Trypsin (ancient enzyme) is present from protozoa to mammals.

Discussion

210.	When we talk functional macromolecules ( e.g., proteins as enzymes, hormones, receptors, antibodies etc. ), towards what are they evolving ?
Answer» Functional macromolecules are evolving towards creation of a complex organims. There are various evidence that are common to simple and complex forms of lite indicate common ancestry, e.g., histones protein tend to be well preserved among all eukaryotes, from amoebas to blue whale or to humans, with only one or two amino acids different. The genetic code is nearly identical for all known life forms, from bacteria to archaea or animal and plants.

Discussion

211.	In a certain population, the frequency of three genotypes is as follows `{:("Genotypes",BB,Bb,"bb"),("Frequency",22%,62%,16%):}` What is the likely frequency of B and b alleles ?
Answer» The likely frequency of B =BB+1/2 Bb `=[22+(62)/(2)]%` The likely frequency of b =bb+1/2 Bb `=[16+(62)/(2)]%` =47%

Discussion

212.	In a certain population, the frequency of three genotypes is an followers. Genotypes: BB Bb bb Frequency: 22% 62% 16% What is the likely frequency of B and b alleles?
Answer» Frequency of B allele = all of BB + ½ of Bb = 22 + 31 = 53% Frequency of b allele = all of bb + ½ of Bb = 16 + 31 = 47%.

212.

In a certain population, the frequency of three genotypes is an followers. Genotypes: BB Bb bb Frequency: 22% 62% 16% What is the likely frequency of B and b alleles?

Answer»

Frequency of B allele = all of BB + ½ of Bb = 22 + 31 = 53%

Frequency of b allele = all of bb + ½ of Bb = 16 + 31 = 47%.

Discussion

213.	List 3 mechanisms by which variant genotypes can be produced in nature
Answer» Mutation in genes and chromosomes , recombination of genes, and hybridisation of genes

Discussion

214.	The study of fossils support evolution of organism. Discuss?
Answer» By the careful analyses of the distribution of fossils in the different strata of rocks gives the time of the history of the earth the study showed that life form varied over time, some were simple and those in the super fluid layers resembled modern organism. Some fossils indicate connecting links i.e. they share features of two groups of organisms indicating the evolution of one group into the other.

Discussion

215.	Discuss mechanisms of evolution.
Answer» Genetic variation is the raw material of evolution. Individuals within the populations differ in morphological, behavioral and biochemical traits, many of which are under genetic control. Genetic variation provides the raw material on which evolution can work. Evolution can be summarized as a three step process : Mutations and genetic rearrangements caused by recombination occur at random. These random events then generate inherited differences in the characteristics of individuals in populations. Finally, mutation, gene flow, genetic drift and natural selection can cause allele frequencies to change over time. Of the four mechanisms of evolutionary change, mutation, gene flow and genetic drift are influenced by chance events, while, natural selection is a random process.

215.

Discuss mechanisms of evolution.

Answer»

Genetic variation is the raw material of evolution. Individuals within the populations differ in morphological, behavioral and biochemical traits, many of which are under genetic control. Genetic variation provides the raw material on which evolution can work.

Evolution can be summarized as a three step process :

Mutations and genetic rearrangements caused by recombination occur at random.
These random events then generate inherited differences in the characteristics of individuals in populations.
Finally, mutation, gene flow, genetic drift and natural selection can cause allele frequencies to change over time.
Of the four mechanisms of evolutionary change, mutation, gene flow and genetic drift are influenced by chance events, while, natural selection is a random process.

Discussion

216.	Which is the most important for orign of life ?A. OxygenB. WaterC. NitrogenD. Carbon
Answer» Correct Answer - B Water is the most important for origin of life.

Discussion

217.	Mention the type of evolution that has brought the similarity as seen in potato tuber and sweet potato
Answer» Correct Answer - Convergent evolution

Discussion

218.	Neo-Darwinism isA. population theoryB. natural selection theoryC. modern mutation theoryD. modern synthetic theory
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

219.	First mammals appeared in the periodA. TriassicB. JurassicC. CretaceousD. Tertiary
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

220.	Earliest reptiles evolved in the periodA. OrdovicianB. SilurianC. DevonianD. Carboniferous
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

221.	Forelimbs of humans and wings of birds areA. Analogous organsB. Homologous organsC. Parallel organsD. Vestigial organs
Answer» Correct Answer - B Forelimbs of humans and wings of birds are homologous organs.

Discussion

222.	Wings of birds and forelimbs of horse are ________ organsA. AnalogousB. HomologusC. VestigialD. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

223.	Which organs of man are homologous to the wings of birds ?
Answer» Correct Answer - Arms (forelimbs)

Discussion

224.	Which of the following is the correct sequence of chemical substance produced during the origin of life on the earthA. glucose, amino acids, nucleic acids, proteinsB. ammonia, amino acids, proteins, nucleic acidsC. water, amino acids, nucleic acids, enzymesD. amino acids, ammonia, phosphates, nucleic acids
Answer» Correct Answer - B Primitive atmosphere was reducing type (without free oxygen). Hydrogen atoms combined with oxygen forming water and with nitrogen, forming ammonia. Water and ammorna were probably the first compound molecules on primitive earth. The primitive atmosphere contained gases like `CO_(2), CO,N, H_(2)` etc and methane `(CH_(4))` was the first organic compound formed in primitive atmosphere. In the primitive atmosphere, electric discharge, ATP and solar energy provided the source of energy for polymerization reactions of organic synthesis which lead to the synthesis of amino acids, that joined to form polypeptides and proteins. Simple sugar units combined to form polysaccharides, fatty acids and glycerol to form fats, sugars, nitrogenous bases and phosphates combined into nucleotides which polymerised into nucleic acids in the ancient oceans.

Discussion

225.	The four elements that make up 99% of all elements found in a living system areA. H, O, C, NB. C, H, O, SC. C, H, O, PD. C, N, O, P
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

226.	Name the era in the geological time scale when life had not yet originated on earth.
Answer» Correct Answer - Early Archaeozoic

Discussion

227.	Mention the immediate ancestors of birds and mammals
Answer» Correct Answer - Reptiles

Discussion

228.	Which of the following is the correct sequence of chemical substance produced during the origin of life on the earthA. Water. Amino acid, nucleic acid and enzymeB. Glucose, amino acid, nucleic acid and proteinC. Amino acid, ammonium phosphate and nucleic acidD. Ammonia, amino acid, protein and nucleic acid
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

229.	Which one of the following gas was not present in free form at the time life originated on earth?A. AmmoniaB. OxygenC. HydrogenD. Methane
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

230.	Which one is considered the first biological catalyst when life originated on earth ?A. RNAB. DNAC. ProteinD. Lipid
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

231.	Ancestors of mammals belongs toA. OrnithischiaB. TherapsidaC. SilusideaD. Chelonia
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

232.	Assertion:Life originated on land. Reason:Conditions were not favourable for life in waterA. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of AssertionB. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is not the correct explanation of AssertionC. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.D. If both Assertion and Reason are false
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

233.	Which is responsible for origin on lifeA. Spontaneous generationB. Special creationC. CatastrophyD. Chemosynthesis
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

234.	Early Africa man was discovered in 1948 by Leakey. It wasA. Homo habilisB. GigantopithecusC. ProconsulD. Homo erectus
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

235.	Life originated inA. Precambrian eraB. Proterozoic eraC. Mesozoic eraD. Caenozoic era
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

236.	The first life on earth originated a) in air b) on land c) in water d) on mountain
Answer» Correct option is c) in water

Discussion

237.	The first life originatedA. on landB. in airC. in waterD. all of these
Answer» Correct Answer - C Since many simpler and lower animals are aquatic and marine, and as the cells and body fluids of all animals contain salts, it is inferred that life originated in ocean (water).

Discussion

238.	One of the possible early sources of energy was/wereA. `CO_(2)`B. chlorophyllC. green plantsD. UV rays and lightning.
Answer» Correct Answer - D The energy requiring synthetic processes, that occurred on primitive earth obtained energy from the sun, violent electric discharges like lightning, heat produced from volcanic eruptions and ionizing radiations like X-rays, etc.

Discussion

239.	Coacervates areA. colloid dropletsB. nucleoprotein containing entitiesC. microspheres,D. both an and b
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

240.	A: During evolution the early time period was without ozone layer. R: Ozone layer absorbs U.V. rays to some extent.A. If both Assertion `&` Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion. Then mark (1)B. If both Assertion `&` Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (2)C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false, then mark (3)D. If both Assertion and Reason are falses statements, then mark (4)
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

241.	On the primitive earth, polymers such as proteins and nucleic acids in aqueous suspension formed the spherical aggregates. These are called.A. primitosomesB. liposomesC. primitogensD. coacervates.
Answer» Correct Answer - D

Discussion

242.	Which of the following is the relatively most accurate method for dating of fossils ?A. radio-carbon methodB. potassium -argon methodC. electron-spin resonance methodD. uranium - lead method
Answer» Correct Answer - C

Discussion

243.	Which of the following is the relatively most accurate method for dating of fossils ?A. Radio-carbon methodB. Potassium-argon methodC. Electron-spin resonance methodD. Uranium-lead method
Answer» Correct Answer - C Electron spin resonance method is the most accurate method for dating of fossils. It measures number of charges occupying deep traps in crystal band gap

Discussion

244.	A scientist who worked on rats cut their tails upto 21 successive generations but at last he formed that tail remained normal. By this experiment theory of which scientist is disapprovedA. DarwinB. LamarckC. Hogo de VriesD. Mendal
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

245.	Weismann cut off tails of mice generation after generation but tails neither disappeared nor shortened showing that `:`A. Darwin was correctB. Tail is an essential organsC. Mutation theory is wrongD. Lamarckism was wrong inheritance of acquired characters
Answer» Correct Answer - D Weismann cut of tail of mice generation after generation but tail neither disappeared nor shortened showing that Lamarckism was wrong in inheritance of acquired characters.

Discussion

246.	Assertion : Comparative biochemistry provides a strong eviednce in favour of common ancestory of living beings. Reason : Genetic code is universal.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is not correct explanation of the assertion.C. If the assertion is true but reason is falseD. If both the assertion and reason are false.
Answer» Correct Answer - B

Discussion

247.	Which of the following is the most evident source of evolutionA. FossilsB. EmbryosC. MorphologyD. Vestigeal organs
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

248.	Anatomical structures that have similar functions but not similar structures are called (a) Homologous structures(b) Vestigial structures (c) Analogus structures (d) Generalized structures
Answer» (c) Analogous structures

Discussion

249.	Write the names of the following : (i)A 15 mya primate that was ape-like (ii)A 2mya primate that lived in East African grasslands.
Answer» Correct Answer - (a)Ramapithecus , (b)Homo habilis

Discussion

250.	What are the anatomical structures called that share a common ancestry?A. Analogous structuresB. Homologous structuresC. Evolutionary structureD. Vestigial structures.
Answer» Correct Answer - A

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Name the scientists who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation of life ?

What are meteorites ?

Extra - terrestrial origin of life was proposed by theory ofA. CatastrophismB. Spontaneous generationC. Special creationD. Panspermia

In early, water and carbon dioxide was produced by the combination of `O_(2)` withA. Ammonia and methaneB. Organic matterC. Hydrogen sulphideD. Sulphates and nitrates

Match the column I and II, and choose the correct combination from the options given. A. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4B. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3C. a-1, b-2, c-4, d-3D. a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4

When we say "survival of tire fittest", does it mean that; (a) Those which are fit only survive or (b) Those that survive are called 'fit' comment.

In a certain population, the frequency of three genotypes is as follows: Genotypes: BB, BbbbFrequency: 22%, 62%, 16% What is the likely frequency of B and b alleles?

How do we compute the age of a rock?

When we talk of functional macro-molecules (e.g., proteins as enzymes, hormones, receptors, antibodies etc.), towards what are they evolving?

When we talk functional macromolecules ( e.g., proteins as enzymes, hormones, receptors, antibodies etc. ), towards what are they evolving ?

In a certain population, the frequency of three genotypes is as follows `{:("Genotypes",BB,Bb,"bb"),("Frequency",22%,62%,16%):}` What is the likely frequency of B and b alleles ?

In a certain population, the frequency of three genotypes is an followers. Genotypes: BB Bb bb Frequency: 22% 62% 16% What is the likely frequency of B and b alleles?

List 3 mechanisms by which variant genotypes can be produced in nature

The study of fossils support evolution of organism. Discuss?

Discuss mechanisms of evolution.

Which is the most important for orign of life ?A. OxygenB. WaterC. NitrogenD. Carbon

Mention the type of evolution that has brought the similarity as seen in potato tuber and sweet potato

Neo-Darwinism isA. population theoryB. natural selection theoryC. modern mutation theoryD. modern synthetic theory

First mammals appeared in the periodA. TriassicB. JurassicC. CretaceousD. Tertiary

Earliest reptiles evolved in the periodA. OrdovicianB. SilurianC. DevonianD. Carboniferous

Forelimbs of humans and wings of birds areA. Analogous organsB. Homologous organsC. Parallel organsD. Vestigial organs

Wings of birds and forelimbs of horse are ________ organsA. AnalogousB. HomologusC. VestigialD. None of these

Which organs of man are homologous to the wings of birds ?

The four elements that make up 99% of all elements found in a living system areA. H, O, C, NB. C, H, O, SC. C, H, O, PD. C, N, O, P

Name the era in the geological time scale when life had not yet originated on earth.

Mention the immediate ancestors of birds and mammals

Which one of the following gas was not present in free form at the time life originated on earth?A. AmmoniaB. OxygenC. HydrogenD. Methane

Which one is considered the first biological catalyst when life originated on earth ?A. RNAB. DNAC. ProteinD. Lipid

Ancestors of mammals belongs toA. OrnithischiaB. TherapsidaC. SilusideaD. Chelonia

Which is responsible for origin on lifeA. Spontaneous generationB. Special creationC. CatastrophyD. Chemosynthesis

Early Africa man was discovered in 1948 by Leakey. It wasA. Homo habilisB. GigantopithecusC. ProconsulD. Homo erectus

Life originated inA. Precambrian eraB. Proterozoic eraC. Mesozoic eraD. Caenozoic era

The first life on earth originated a) in air b) on land c) in water d) on mountain

The first life originatedA. on landB. in airC. in waterD. all of these

One of the possible early sources of energy was/wereA. `CO_(2)`B. chlorophyllC. green plantsD. UV rays and lightning.

Coacervates areA. colloid dropletsB. nucleoprotein containing entitiesC. microspheres,D. both an and b

On the primitive earth, polymers such as proteins and nucleic acids in aqueous suspension formed the spherical aggregates. These are called.A. primitosomesB. liposomesC. primitogensD. coacervates.

Which of the following is the relatively most accurate method for dating of fossils ?A. radio-carbon methodB. potassium -argon methodC. electron-spin resonance methodD. uranium - lead method

Which of the following is the relatively most accurate method for dating of fossils ?A. Radio-carbon methodB. Potassium-argon methodC. Electron-spin resonance methodD. Uranium-lead method

A scientist who worked on rats cut their tails upto 21 successive generations but at last he formed that tail remained normal. By this experiment theory of which scientist is disapprovedA. DarwinB. LamarckC. Hogo de VriesD. Mendal

Weismann cut off tails of mice generation after generation but tails neither disappeared nor shortened showing that `:`A. Darwin was correctB. Tail is an essential organsC. Mutation theory is wrongD. Lamarckism was wrong inheritance of acquired characters

Which of the following is the most evident source of evolutionA. FossilsB. EmbryosC. MorphologyD. Vestigeal organs

Anatomical structures that have similar functions but not similar structures are called (a) Homologous structures(b) Vestigial structures (c) Analogus structures (d) Generalized structures

Write the names of the following : (i)A 15 mya primate that was ape-like (ii)A 2mya primate that lived in East African grasslands.

What are the anatomical structures called that share a common ancestry?A. Analogous structuresB. Homologous structuresC. Evolutionary structureD. Vestigial structures.