InterviewSolution
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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Deamination is the first step in urea formation. It means theA. Reduction of ammoniaB. Oxidation of ammoniaC. Addition of amino group to a non-amino organic moleculeD. Removal of amino group from an amino acid |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 2. |
Which vitamin is excreted out in high quantity through urine in man?A. Vitamin CB. Vitamin BC. Vitamin ED. Vitamin K |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 3. |
The kidneys not only remove the waste products from the blood but also play a very important role in maintainingA. Equilibrium of the bodyB. Temperature of the bodyC. Constant composition of the blood irrespective of the nature of the food or fluid intakeD. Blood pressure constant |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 4. |
Patients of diabetes have glucose in urine becauseA. Glucose is not absorbed from GFB. Glucose is absorbed from GFC. Glandular cells secreted glucose in GFD. Concentration of glucose is more in GF as compared to its normal amount |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 5. |
The complete reabsorption of glucose takes place in `:`A. Collecting tubuleB. Distal tubuleC. Proximal convoluted tubuleD. Henle loop |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 6. |
Loop of Henle is associated with `:-`A. Excretory systemB. Respiratory systemC. Reproducitve systemD. Digestive system |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 7. |
The first, fourth-fifth portion of the descending limb is lined byA. Simple squamous epitheliumB. Stratified squamous epitheliumC. Cuboidal epitheliumD. Columnar epithelium |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 8. |
The thin segment of descending limb of Loop of Henle is lined byA. Columnar cellsB. Flat cellsC. Cuboidal cellsD. Pyramidal cells with characteristic brush border |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 9. |
The concavity on the medial side of kidney is known asA. Renal pelvisB. HilumC. CalycesD. Pyramid |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 10. |
Hematuria is the disorder involvingA. Loss of blood through the urineB. Loss of hemoglobin in RBCC. Loss of glucose in urineD. Increase in the concentration of blood urea |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 11. |
The retroperitoneal kidney isA. Kidney of fishB. Kidney covered by peritonium on ventral sideC. Kidney covered by peritoneum on dorsal sideD. Kidney uncovered by peritoneum on dorsal side. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 12. |
Select the true statement.A. In fishes, kidney plays a major role in ammonia excretion.B. Ammonia is 100,000 times less toxic than ureaC. Sharks retain a large amount of urea in the blood as a major osmolyte to balance the osmolarity of the body fluids.D. Most terrestrial reptiles excrete ammonia. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 13. |
The animals which do not actively control the osmotic condition of their body fluids areA. OsmoconformersB. OsmoregulatorsC. HyperosmoticD. Hypertonic |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 14. |
Consider the following water conservation mechanisms: (a) Nasal countercurrent mechanism (b) Dependence on metabolic water (c) Highly hypertonic urine (d) Living more on protein rich diet A kangaroo rat living in desert can survive without drinking water because ofA. (a), (b) and (c)B. (a), (b) and (d)C. (b), (c) and (d)D. (a), (c) and (d) only |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 15. |
Body fluids of shark and coelacanths can be termed asA. Hyperosmotic and hypoionic to sea wateB. Hypo-osmotic and hypoionic to sea waterC. Hyperosmotic and hyperionic to sea waterD. Hypo-osmotic and hyperionic to sea water |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 16. |
A fresh water fish maintains osmoregulation byA. Continuously taking in water and eliminating excess of saltsB. Eliminating excess of water and taking up salts from the environmentC. Taking both water and salt from the environmentD. Eliminating both salt and water into the environment |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 17. |
Which of the following can be termed as osmoconformers?A. All marine invertebratesB. HagfishC. All fresh water invertebratesD. Both (1) and (2) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 18. |
Which of the following statement is not true w.r.t. nephron?A. Cortical nephrons are more common.B. Cortical nephrons lack vasa recta.C. In juxtamedullary nephrons, the blood first passes through vasa recta and then through the capillaries of glomerulusD. The glomeruli of juxtamedullary nephrons are placed close to the inner margin of the cortex. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 19. |
Which of the following is correct?A. Afferent arteriole is narrower than the efferent arteriole.B. Efferent venule is narrower than veinC. Efferent arteriole is narrower than afferent arterioleD. Both afferent and efferent arteriole are of same diameter. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 20. |
In a glomerulus,A. Afferent capillaries are thicker than efferent capillariesB. Afferent arteriole is thicker than efferent arterioleC. Afferent arteriole is thinner than efferent arterioleD. Afferent capillaries are thinner than efferent capillaries |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 21. |
High blood pressure is maintained in glomeruli than in other capillaries becauseA. The variability of the diameters of arterioles causes higher resistance to blood flowing out of the glomeruli than that flowing out of the capillariesB. Glomerulus has low hydrostatic pressure than capillaryC. Capillary has lesser diameter than glomerulusD. All the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 22. |
Ultrafiltration occurs in a glomerulus whenA. Osmotic pressure exceeds hydrostatic pressureB. Hydrostatic pressure exceeds osmotic pressureC. Colloidal osmotic pressure plus capsular pressure remain less than glomerular hydrostatic pressureD. Capsular hydrostatic pressure exceeds glomerular hydrostatic pressure |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 23. |
Workers in deep mines usually suffer from dehydration becauseA. Water is lost due to defecationB. Water is lost due to evaporationC. Water is lost along with salts in the form of sweatD. Water is lost in the form of urine |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 24. |
A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activatesA. Juxtaglomerular cells to release reninB. Adrenal cortex to release aldosteroneC. Adrenal medulla to release adrenalineD. Posterior pituitary to release vasopressin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 25. |
The glomerular filtrate containsA. Blood minus cellsB. Blood minus cell and proteinsC. Plasma minus cells and proteinsD. Blood minus proteins |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 26. |
Which of the following statements is false? (i) Medulla is divided into about renal pyramids (ii) Outer cortex and inner medulla are the two zones in kidney (iii) Pyramid projects into ureter (iv) Inwards extension of cortex between and pyramids is called renal column of BertiniA. iiiB. ii and ivC. i and ivD. iv |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 27. |
What is "renal threshold"?A. The highest concentration of substances up to which it is totally reabsorbed from glomerular filtrate.B. At which all the substances are reabsorbed.C. At which the filtration of a substance starts.D. At which no substance is filtered in the glomerulus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 28. |
If the GFR is 125 mL/min and the renal plasma flow is 700 mL/min, the filtration fraction isA. About 6%B. About 18%C. About 12%D. About 24% |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 29. |
Osmoreceptors in the body are activated by changes inA. Blood volume, body fluid volume and ionic concentrationB. Blood volume and body fluid volumeC. Blood volume but not body fluid volumeD. Body fluid volume but not blood volume |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 30. |
Total filtrate formed in 24 hours in human kidney isA. 1.8 LB. 8.0 LC. 18 LD. 180 L |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 31. |
A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is calledA. DeaminationB. EntropyC. AnuriaD. None of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 32. |
Tubular secretion helps to maintain a proper acid-base balance by removing one of the following from bloodA. `NH_(3)` and creatinineB. `H^(+)` and ureaC. Uric acidD. `H^(+) and NH_(3)` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 33. |
Go through the following statements. (i) Liver is the site of urine formation. (ii) Urethra is not the part of kidney. (iii) Vasa recta is well developed in cortical nephrons. (v) The highest concentration of urea is found in Hepatic vein. (vi) Least concentration of urea is present in renal vein. How many statements are correct? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 34. |
In the kidney , the formation of urine involve the following processes arranged asA. Glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and tubular secre- tionB. Reabsorption, filtration, and secretionC. Secretion, absorption, and filtrationD. Filtration, secretion, and reabsorption |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 35. |
The high osmolarity of the renal medulla is maintained by all of the following except (i) Active transport of salt from the upper region of the ascending limb (ii) The spatial arrangement of juxta medullary nephrons (iii) Diffusion of urea from the collecting duct (iv)Diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (v) Diffusion of salt from the descending limb of the loop of HenleA. Only ivB. Only vC. ii and iiiD. iv and v |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 36. |
Which pair is correct?A. Sweat-Temperature regulationB. Saliva-Sense of food tasteC. Sebum-Sexual attractionD. Humerus-Hind leg |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 37. |
Human kidney can produce urine nearly how many times concentrated than the initial filtrate formed?A. 2B. 4C. 10D. 100 |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 38. |
Conversion of ammonia to urea is done by `…......................` Cycl -A. Omithine cycleB. Arginine cycleC. Fumaric cycleD. Citrulline cycle |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 39. |
Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubuleA. Increase in aldosterone levelsB. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levelsC. Decrease in aldosterone levelsD. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 40. |
Reabsorption of useful substances back into the blood from the filtrate in a nephron occurs in or In which part of kidney, Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70-80 Percent) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephronA. Distal convoluted tubuleB. Proximal convoluted tubuleC. Descending limb of loop of HenleD. Ascending limb of loop of Henle |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 41. |
The movement of Ions against the concentration gradient will be -A. Active transportB. OsmosisC. DiffusionD. All of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 42. |
The net pressure gradient that causes the fluid to filter out of the glomeruli into the capsule isA. 20 mm HgB. 50 mm HgC. 75 mm HgD. 30 mm Hg |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 43. |
Water reabsorption in the distal parts of kidney tubules is regulated byA. STHB. TSHC. ADHD. MSH |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 44. |
Which are true about the following statements about kangaroo rats (a) They have dark colour, high rate of reproduction and excrete solide urine (b) They do not drink water, breathe at slow rate, and have their body covered with thick hair (c) The feed on dry seeds and do not require drinking water (d) They excrete very concentrated urine and do not use water to regulate body temperatureA. (iii) and (i)B. (i) and (ii)C. (iii) and (iv)D. (ii) and (iii) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 45. |
The yellow color of urine is due toA. Uric acidB. UreaC. UrochromeD. Melanin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 46. |
Assertion: ADH reduces chloride loss in Urine. Reason: ADH decreases water absorption.A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.B. lf both Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.C. If Assertion is true, but Reason is falseD. If both Assertion and Reason are false |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 47. |
Diuresis is a specific pathological condition which leads toA. Increased volume of urine excretionB. Decreased volume of urine excretionC. Increased glucose excretionD. Decreased electrolyte concentration |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 48. |
The appearance of alubumin in the urine is most likely due to `:`A. Increase in the blood pressureB. Decrease in the blood osmotic pressureC. Damage to the Malpighian corpusclesD. Damage to the proximal convoluted tubules |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 49. |
The yellow colour of urine of the vertebrates is due toA. CholesterolB. UrochromeC. Uric acidD. Melanin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 50. |
Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct?A. Descending limb of Loop of Henly is impermeable to waterB. Distal convoluted tubule is incapable in reabsorbing `HCO_(3)`C. Nearly 99 percent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubeD. Ascending limb of Loop of Henly is impermeable to electrolytes |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |