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The overloading helps to apply polymorphism because Function overloading means two or more functions having same name but different types of arguments or different number of arguments. Whereas polymorphism refers to one name having many forms of an object behaviour depending on situations.

The advantages of inline functions are:

1. The speed of execution of a program increases.

2. Efficient code can be generated.

3. Readability of the program increases.

• The speed of execution of a program increases.
• Efficient code can be generated.
• Readability of the program increases.

The characteristics of friend function are:

• The friend function should not be defined inside the class.
• It can be declared inside a class under public, private or protected access specifier since it is a non member function and make no difference.
• A friend function should be defined outside the class without prefix friend.
• The scope resolution operator should not be used while defining the friends function outside the class since it is not member function of any class.

• The parameters/arguments should differ in the number of arguments or if they have same number of argument then they should differ in the type of the arguments.
• The use of typed of keyword for naming functions is not treated as different type but is only a synonym for another type.

Function overloading is normally used when several function of the same name perform identical tasks on different data types.

The overloading function helps to reduce the use of different names for many functions.

The parameters/arguments should differ in the number of arguments or if they have same number of argument then they should differ in the type of the arguments.

Inline functions are those functions whose body is inserted in place of the function call.

The speed of execution of a program increases.

The inline function is always converted to a code block. True 

A friend function is a non-member function and is a friend of a class. It is declared inside a class with the prefix friend and defined outside the class like any other normal function without the prefix friend. This friend function can access private and protected data members if it is a friend function of that class.
The characteristics of friend function are:

• The friend function should not be defined inside the class.
• It can be declared inside a class under public, private or protected access specifier since it is a non member function and make no difference.
• A friend function should be defined outside the class without prefix friend
• The scope resolution operator should not be used while defining the friends function outside the class since it is not member function of any class.
• It should be called like any other normal function and not to be called using an object with dot operator.
• The data members of class are accessed through object and dot operator with a data members.

A friend function is a non-member function and is a friend of a class. It is declared inside a class with the prefix friend and defined outside the class line any other normal function without the prefix friend.

The characteristics of friend function are:

• The friend function should not be defined inside the class.
• It can be declared inside a class under public, private or protected access specifier since it is a non member function and make no difference.
• A friend function should be defined outside the class without prefix friend.

A friend function is useful when a function to be shared between the two classes by
making a function as a friend to both the classes, thereby allowing a function to access private and protected data members of both classes.

syntax for declaration of friend function:
class classname {
public:
friend returntype function name (arguments);
}

Yes, the keyword friend is used while declaring friend function. For example, friend int Avg marks(PUC, cet);

The inline function may not work under following situations:

• The inline function definition is too big or complicated.
• The inline function is a recursive.
• The inline function has switch or go to statements.
• The inline function has while, do-while or for looping controls.
• The inline function has static variables.

Advantages of inline functions:

• The speed of execution of a program increases.
• Efficient code can be generated.
• Readability of the program increases Disadvantages of inline functions.
• The size of the executable file increases and more memory is required as the body of inline function is inserted in the place of function call.
• Not suitable for too long , complicated, recursive function definition.