Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

(i) Force and displacement are in the same direction. 

(ii) Force and displacement are in the opposite direction. 

(iii) Force and displacement are perpendicular to each other. 

(iv) Force and displacement are in the opposite direction. 

(v) Force and displacement are in the opposite direction.

• According to Ajay P.E₁ = mgh₁ and according to Atul P.E₂ = mgh₂ . 
• Yes, the answer will be different as the two heights are different. 
• Potential energy is relative.

(a) Girl studying : No work done 

Boy playing with ball: Work is done

Girl watching T.V.: No work done 

Person lifting sack of grains : Work is done

(b) No work is said to be done when force is applied but there is no displacement.

Concept of unpolarised light:

i. According to Maxwell, light is an electromagnetic wave.

ii. Electromagnetic wave consists of electric and magnetic field vectors which vibrate perpendicular to each other and both are also perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the light wave.

iii. The phenomenon concerning light are described by only the electric vector i.e., light is represented by the electric field vector\((\overrightarrow E)\)

iv. In an unpolarised or ordinary light, the electric field vector \(\overrightarrow E\) is always perpendicular to the direction of propagation of light.

v. There are infinite number of directions perpendicular to the direction of propagation of light. So the electric field vector may be along any one of these directions.

vi. For example, if the light propagates along the X-axis, the electric field vector may be along Y-axis, or along Z-axis or along any direction in Y-Z plane and at any instant, electric vector can be resolved into two mutually perpendicular components.

Mass = m 

Height above the ground = h 

Work done = potential energy acquired by the body = mgh 

Where g is the acceleration due to gravity.

Surat decline by the end of 18th century.
(i) The port of Surat declined mainly because of the growing power of the European Companies in India.
(ii) These European Companies gradually gained power and started to control sea-trade in India.
(iii) They secured a variety of concessions which they obtained from the local court and by gaining monopoly rights to trade.
(iv) These companies did not want to use the old ports of Surat, Masulipatanam, and Hoogly etc.
(v) Instead, they developed the ports of Bombay.

Slope = \(\frac{8\,-\,0}{20\,-\,10} = \frac{8}{10}\) = 0.8 m/s².

Slope = \(\frac{8\,-\,4}{8\,-\,4} = \frac{4}{4}\) = 1

Acceleration is 1 m/s².

Area of velocity Vs time graph is useful to find the position of the object.

Correct answer is Curved graph.

a) Mass

b) Weight 

c) It may be in straight line. 

d) On Y – axis, values are 98, 196, 294, 392, 490. 

Range = 490 – 98 = 392

Velocity [ \(\because\)acceleration x time = \(\frac{velocity}{time}\,\times\,time = velocity\) ]

14 July is celebrated as a national holiday in France.

The American War of Independence, was sparked off by an incident known as the Boston Tea Party. In 1773, a group of colonists, disguised as Red Indians, raided British ships 

in Boston harbour and threw 340 crates of tea into the sea. This incident was a protest against the new taxes including a tax on tea, imposed on the colonies .The importance of this act was that it was an act of open defiance of the colonists against British authority.

Correct answer is Independent variable.

On a graph paper, there are thick as well as fine vertical and horizontal lines. These intersecting lines form squares or grids.

B) straight line graph

Correct answer is Straight line.

The revolutionary writings and ideals of great political philosophers like Voltaire, Rousseau and Montesquieu created an intellectual ferment in France. The middle class was greatly inspired by the revolutionary ideas. Through their writings, the philosophers exposed the evils of French society and government and inspired the people to revolt and fight for their rights.

On July 14, 1789, the people of Paris stormed the prison of Bastille. They freed all the prisoners. Monarchy was overthrown. King Louis XVI and his queen Marie Antoinette were first imprisoned and later guillotined (Put to death) in 1793. There was chaos for some time and a reign of terror began which lasted from 1793-1794.Thousand of nobles, clergy and even innocent men were executed.In 1795 the National Assembly of France adopted a Declaration of the Rights of Man which declared that men are bom free and equal. A new Constitution was framed.

In 1799 Napoleon overthrew the Directorate and framed a Consulate in France, which consisted of three Consuls (17991801). He himself was the First Consul and later he became Consul for life in 1802. Napoleon defeated Austrians in Italy, defeated Britain in 1802. He established numerous small republics in Italy, Germany and Belgium. After these victories he became the Emperor of France and the Pope attended his Coronation Ceremony in 1804. He was at the height of his political and military glory between 1808-1810. He was finally defeated in 1815 in the Battle of Waterloo. He was exiled to St. Helena Island where he died in 1821.

The American revolutionaries were greatly influenced by the ideas of European philosophers Locke, Voltaire and Rousseau who inspired them to fight for liberty.

With the final defeat of Napoleon in the battle of Waterloo (1815) the European rulers met at Vienna to draw up a settlement for Europe. The Congress was hosted by the Austrian Chancellor, Duke Mettemich. The Congress of Vienna (1815) drew up the Treaty of Vienna in 1815 with the aim of undoing the changes ushered during the Napoleonic wars. All the kings that were ousted by Napoleon were given back their kingdoms. Austria, Russia, Prussia received many territories, so did Great Britain, Sweden and Holland. The Congress of Vienna redrew the map of Europe

Momentum = mass × velocity 

Here, mass of the ball = 100 gr = 100 × (1/100) kg 

⇒ m = 0.1 kg 

Velocity of the ball = 0.01 km/s = 0.01 × 1000 m/s

 ⇒ v = 10 m/s 

Momentum of the ball = m × v = 0.1 × 10 kg.m/s = 1 kg.m/s

By determine the scale.

B) y – axis, x – axis

Correct option is A) 1.1

Correct option is C) 0.5

 Scale on x - axis = \(\frac{Range}{No.\,of\,grids\,on\,x\,-\,axis}\)

Scale on y - axis = \(\frac{Range}{No.\,of\,grids\,on\,y\,-\,axis}\)

Correct option is C) impulse

Correct option is B) BC

A) straight line passing through origin

Correct option is B) Velocity

Correct option is B) parabolic

Option B) Parabolic 

Reason -: on increasing distance force will decrease (not linearly) 

Or 

F ~ 1/d² => F=k/d² => d²=k/F

Parabolic equation

A) Straight line passing through the origin

The Prisoners were released and joined the revolutionaries. It also symbolized the Victory of people of France and the fall of monarchy.

On 14 July 1789, a great mob attacked Bastille the state prison for political prisoners and a much hated symbol of the Ancien Regime. The prisoners were released and they joined the revolutionaries.

The French Society at that time was divided into three distinct classes or estates.The First Estate was made of the Clergy. The Second Estate was made up of the Nobility. The nobles were absolute landlords.The Third Estate consisted of the common people. They were the middle class members (merchants, lawyers, teachers, doctors, etc.) and the peasants and artisans. The first two Estates enjoyed all the luxury and privileges, owned all the land between them and paid no taxes. The Third Estate was heavily taxed and lived a life of hardship and misery. King Louis XVI was indifferent to the plight of the common people and lived a life of luxury himself.The common people of France were inspired by the revolutionary writings of famous french philosophers like Rousseau, Montesquieu and Voltaire. They attacked the church and the nobility in their writings. Rousseau wrote that subjects have the right to overthrow a king who does not rule according to the general will. The Philosophers propagated the ideas of liberty, fraternity and equality. The French people were also inspired by the American War of Independence. It made them ready to fight for their rights and justice.

This incident marked the beginning of the revolutions. The newly formed National Assembly consisting of the representatives of the Third Estate, took over the Control of the affairs of France. It adopted the famous Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizens- a landmark in the history of human progress. By 1791, a new constitution was drawn up for France.

Fundamental: Fundamental quantities are those physical quantities that quantities cannot be expressed in terms of other quantities

Unit: A unit is a standard measure used for comparing measurements.

Both curved, straight-line graphs are called line graphs.

The tan value of the angle at x – axis is the slope of a graph. 

tan θ = \(\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x}\)

D) Displacement

The partnership business can be carried on by one or some of the person on behalf of others.