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Exotic fishes. The fishes imported into a country for fish culture are called exotic fishes and such fish culture is known as exotic fish culture. 

Examples of such exotic fishes introduced in India are Cyprinus carpio and Oreochromis mossambicus.

(c) (ii) and (iv) is not correct

(b) Hydroponics

Pinctada genus that produces high quality pearls

Humus feeders are Burrowing worms.

The seed lac is sundried and then melted to produce Shellac.

Chanos chanos are cultured in Brackish water

Growing fish is known as Aquaculture

Isinglass is a high grade collagen produced from dried air bladder of catfish.

Fish meal is prepared from fish waste after extracting oil from the fish.

Native/indigenous

The process of killing the cocoons is called Stifling.

The process of removing the threads of silk from the killed cocoon is called Reeling.

Following steps are taken for the insertion of nucleus:-

a. Fitness of oyster for operation: The selected oysters for the insertion of nucleus should be healthy and strong enough to overcome the stress during operation.

b. Preparation of graft tissues: The piece of tissue which is inserted inside the mantle is called as ‘GRAFT’ tissue. The outer edges of these graft squares must be known because nacre secreting cells are found only on the outer surface of the mantle so it is essential to keep the outer surface in contact with the inserted nucleus.

c. Preparation of nucleus: Any small particle may function as nucleus to initiate the pearl formation but it is reported that calcareous nucleus is the best because the deposition of nacre was found to be more on calcarious nucleus.

d. Insertion of nucleus: For the insertion of nucleus, oysters are fixed in a desk clamp in the position of right valve facing upward. Mantle folds are smoothly touched to expose the foot and the main body mass, followed by an incision into the epithelium of the foot and a slender channel into the main mass one graft tissue which functions as a bed for the nucleus.

e. Post operation care: Nucleated oysters are placed into cages and suspended into sea water and attached with floating rafts to a depth of 2 to 3 metres for about 6 to 7 days to recover from the shocks due to operation. This period of 6 to 7 days is known as ‘Recovery period’. About 3000 to 3600 nucleated oysters are kept in different cages suspended in sea water at 2 to 3 meters depth for 3 to 6 years and undisturbed except at the time of clearing and inspection.

f. Harvesting of pearl: Pearls are harvested in the month of December to February which may slightly vary according to climatic conditions. After the completion of 3 years of the insertion of nucleus, pearl oysters are harvested from the sea and the pearls are taken out from the shell.

g. Clearing of pearls: After taking out the pearls from the oysters shell they are washed properly, cleared with the soap solution.

The piece of tissue which is inserted inside the mantle of the oyster is called as Graft tissue.

The cultivation of mulberry is called as Moriculture.

The eggs of silkworms after ten days of incubation hatch into larva called as Caterpillar.

The cultivation of mulberry is called as Moriculture.

Ranikhet is a Poultry disease.

(a) Different species of fishes

Muscardine is a- disease of silkworms caused by a  Fungus.

(b) Nosema bombycis

Fish liver oil is rich in vitamins A & D.

(d) Pelecypoda

The process of separating the fleece of animal into sections based on its quality is known as sorting.

They die after copulation.

Economic importance of fish:- Fishes form a rich source of protein food and provide a good staple food to tide over the nutritional needs of man. Fish species such as sardines, mackerel, tuna, herrings have high amino acids concentration particularly histidine which is responsible for the meaty flavor of the flesh. It is rich in fat such as omega 3 fatty acids. Minerals such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, manganese, iodine and copper.

Some of the fish by-products are: Fish oil is the most important fish by-product. It is derived from fish liver and from the fish body.

Fish liver oil is derived from the liver which is rich in vitamin A and D, whereas fish body oil has high content of iodine, not suitable for human consumption, but is used in the manufacture of laundry soaps, paints and cosmetics. Fish meal is prepared from fish waste after extracting oil from the fish.

The dried wastes are used to prepare food for pig, poultry and cattle. The wastes obtained during the preparation of fish meal are widely used as manure.

Isinglass is a high-grade collagen produced from dried air bladder or swim bladder of certain fishes viz. catfish and carps. The processed bladder which is dissolved in hot water forms a gelatin having adhesive property. It is primarily used for clarification of wine, beer and vinegar.

1. Rearing of silkworm on a commercial scale is called sericulture. 

2. It is an agro-based industry comprising of 

1. – Cultivation of food plants for the silkworms. 

2. – Rearing of silkworms.

3. – Reeling and spinning of silk.

3. Silk fibres are utilized in preparing silk clothes. 

4. Silk is used in industries and for military purposes. 

5. Silk is used in the manufacture of fishing fibres, parachutes, cartridge bags, insulation coils for telephone, wireless receivers, tyres of racing cars, filter fibres, in medical dressings and as suture materials.

(a) Crustacea

The correct answer is A) Bombyx mori.

Knitting : The process of making woolen garment is known as knitting.

1. Silk threads obtained from wild varieties of silk moths are coarse and less lustrous. 

2. Spinning is required as the threads obtained from the opened cocoons of wild silk moths is not continuous.

(a) November 1946

According to the cabinet mission plan, the number of members in the Constituent Assembly was 389.

While the poet is grieving on the unpleasant aspects of human life, he cherishes the nightingale's song and feels elated and finds peace in it. He praises the beauty of it. He calls the bird immortal for its humming is not to fade away like humans wither with age and death. He wishes to fly to the nightingale, wants to die and live with the bird. However, Keats soon realises that what he imagines is impossible. Keats is bewitched by nightingale's singing and he sings in praise of this bird whose ageless humming has been heard by the emperors and clowns and even Ruth and by all since times immemorial and will be there to be heard by posterity. Spellbound, he further embellishes and adds the beauty to the bird's song by his personification. Enchanted by the evergreen beauty of the sound of this bird, Keats delays the inevitability of death and lives the immortality of the bird, though not for long.

While Keats praises the bird's song, the nightingale flies further away from him. The poet sighs, “Forlorn!” As the sound is distanced, the spell breaks and Keats awakens to the reality. He realizes that while dreaming he had traveled far from reality. He is thrown back to the physical world again and he grieves that his imagination is not to become reality. Keats laments at the loss and wonders whether he was dreaming or he envisioned it all. He bemoans for he is bereft of his art and the beauty.

The three passions, the great winds, in the Russell's life contributed immensely to its making. He found his life worth living and had he been given a chance, he would have lived it again. It were not just passions but the three vital virtues governing his life. These gave him directions and were behind all his actions. Bertrand Russell believed in love, knowledge and pity. Whether it was his relationships with women,or fighting against Vietnam war, his stand on Israel, or his support to suffragists it was always these three ideals that ruled all his actions.

Poet is concerned about the pace with which the traditions are changing and are affected by modern notions. The value attached to the trees in earlier times is not of concern to people living in modern society. The old cultural values are breaking free giving way to western science and studies. The religious values that were inculcated in a child from her/his childhood are payed no heed. Life is busy and is consuming not just our time and space but our lifestyle. The moral values our tradition was raised on are now treated as bygones. The poet wonders at the change our society is undergoing and has written the poem on it.

Knowledge is a treasure and Russell was a seeker of it. He craved to know and understood the Pythagorean power by which a number holds sway over the flux. He was a much learned man. He did believe that he achieved a little of it as well and yet he yearned for more. The understanding of the higher subjects, why the stars shine? He beseeched beyond all this and it in turn took him upward toward the heavens.

Russell compared his three passions to great winds as they were the driving force in his life. They directed his life and gave him the reason for his existence. 

These Chapter 03 - My Three Passions great winds are: 

the love, the knowledge and the pity for the suffering of the mankind. He found ecstasy in the first two that took him to heaven while the third brought him back to the earth with the practical reality. It appears from the words of the author, these are essential parts of his life. It was because of his passions, he found his life to be worth living and that he would gladly live it again if the chance were offered to him. So, his passions are like the great winds of his life directing him all along.

When Keats was sitting under a plum tree in the garden of his house, in Hampstead, he composed this poem. He was inspired by Nightingale's song and completed the poem within one day. The poet begins the poem in a melancholic mood and disparagingly expresses how his “heart aches” as if he is poisoned or is drugged. He felt as if he drank Lethe's water and was drowsy. Then it is revealed that actually it is the nearby bird, the Nightingale's song which is the reason of the poet's happiness. The poet addresses the Nightingale that he is happy in the bird's happiness.

Option : (2) a, b and c

James Augustus Hickey was the author of Bengal Gazette. He was a British officer who was against the people of his own country for the idea of ruling India and torturing Indians.

Conversation Hindu and Muslim did not allow their girls to study because they thought that allowing all the girls to study can corrupt their mind, change their thoughts and mindsets. They thought that educating women would turn them rebellious and would start questioning their role in the society. Hindus thought that educated women would break traditional practices and Muslims thought they would get swayed away by reading Urdu romances.

Calico is a type of fabric used in making banners and book bindings.

West Bengal.

By ironing, we can remove wrinkles from our dress.

1. The fibres of some fabrics such as cotton, jute are obtained from plants. Silk and wool are obtained from animals. The fibres that are derived from plants and animals are natural fibres. 

2. Nowadays, clothes are also made up of chemically developed yarn like polyester, terylene, nylon, acrylic etc. These are all called artificial fibres.

Answer: (b) Na⁺, K⁺