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Mr  Elephant

Kanyasulkam and Prataparudreeyam

(i) Floods are the most common of all natural disasters.

(ii) Scientists as best can do is to recognize the potential for flooding in certain coonditions.

(iii) The consequence or result of flood is widersprad damage and even a number of deaths.

(iv) (a) Condition- My economic condition is not good.

(b) Disaster- An event that causes a lot of harm of damage is called as disaster.

The elephant 

Mr  Elephant.

The words ‘Peace is costly but it is worth the expense’ are ironically used because the man had to lose his huts repeatedly before he finally overcame his enemies with a ruse (plot, trick). Ordinarily, we do not talk in terms of money when we talk of peace. But, in the case of the man, peace gets linked to his property. In terms of colonisation too peace gets linked to wealth because the natives are colonised for their wealth by the colonisers. However, the urge for freedom remains alive in the hearts of the colonised and all the sacrifices made will be considered worthy of the effort.

The only question the man was asked by the Commission of Enquiry was whether the undeveloped space in his hut was occupied by anyone else before Mr Elephant assumed his position.

The members of the Commission were Mr. Rhinoceros, Mr. Buffalo and Mr. Alligator while Mr. Leopard was its secretary.

श्री गेंडा, श्री भैंसा और श्री मगरमच्छ आयोग के सदस्य जबकि श्री तेंदुआ इसका सचिव था।

The elephant approached the man for help because it wanted to shelter its trunk from the torrential rain pouring outside.

The elephant always regarded protecting the interests of his friends as his duty.

The elephant.

The moral of this fable lies in the warning given to the powerful animals. It is clearly seen that the meek can overcome the mighty if the meek are pushed against the wall. If the mighty think that they can continue unabated in their wrongdoing, they will be proved wrong by the meek.

The man did as the members of the Commission suggested because he had no alternative. He feared that if he did not do so, he would be killed by them.

मनुष्य ने वैसा ही किया जैसा आयोग के सदस्यों ने सुझाया क्योंकि उसके पास कोई दूसरा विकल्प नहीं था। उसको डर था कि अगर उसने ऐसा नहीं किया तो वे उसे मार डालेंगे।

The man’s act of kindness of letting the elephant put his trunk inside the hut in order to protect the trunk from the heavy rain is taken undue advantage of by the elephant. The elephant does not have the grace to understand an act of kindness and takes it as a sign of weakness. In its selfishness, it does great injustice to a friend who rises to the occasion in the true spirit of a friend in need. Further, the elephant takes recourse to the argument that other animals in his position would have done the same.

After putting the trunk inside the hut, the elephant slowly pushed his head inside and finally threw the man out of the hut, in the rain.

‘The Gentlemen of the Jungle’ by Jomo Kenyatta presents the disturbing situation of a kind man being punished for his kindness. The man in question allows an elephant, his friend, to put his trunk inside the man’s hut to protect it from the rain. But, the elephant exploits the goodness of the man and throws him out of the hut. When the wronged man starts arguing with the elephant, the confusion attracts many animals from the nearby jungle, including The Lion King who is displeased that the peace of his jungle is disturbed by the misunderstanding between the man and the elephant.

The elephant, one of the ministers of the king, pacifies the Lion King by assuring him that there is no threat to peace and that he was just having a discussion with his friend. The Lion King pleased that the man is a friend of the animals, assures him that his hut is not lost to him and that he would get it back depending upon the findings of a Commission that would be appointed to look into the matter. The man feels happy that the Lion King is fair and is willing to settle the matter by placing it before a Commission.

According to the man, peace is costly, but it’s worth the expense.

(a)  elephant

The elephant promised to return the man’s kindness

(b)  It’s not ‘a’ because the elephant doesn’t say that the skin of the man is harder than that of any other animal. The elephant only says that the skin of the man is harder than that of the elephant’s.

The man’s action can be understood as justified retribution (vengeance, revenge, punishment). We must remember the fact that after having tried repeatedly for justice in a peaceful manner and only after being wronged repeatedly does the man go to the extreme extent of burning down the hut along with all the animals inside. Even here, the truth remains that if the animals hadn’t illegally occupied the hut which was not built by them, the tragic fate wouldn’t have fallen on them. Thus, in whichever angle we take, the man’s action can be understood and justified. We should remember that tolerating crime is as bad as committing it.

The man built a very large hut in order to take revenge on the animals. All the animals come into it one by one and began to fight. He set the hut on fire and burnt it to the ground. All the animals in the hut were also burnt.

मनुष्य ने जानवरों से बदला लेने हेतु एक बहुत बड़ी झोंपड़ी बनाई। सभी जानवर इसके अन्दर एक-एक करके घुसने लगे और झगड़ने लगे। उसने झोंपड़ी में आग लगा दी जो जलकर मिट्टी में मिल गई। झोंपड़ी के अन्दर के सभी जानवर जल गये।

Even after the complete injustice done to the man by displacing him from his own hut, the animals do not grow kind towards him. The man, finding no use of complaining, moves away and builds for himself another hut. But, the new hut he builds is also taken by Mr Rhinoceros, another animal on the Commission, and the same unjust verdict, as in the case of the elephant usurping the man’s hut, awaits the man this time also. All the huts he builds are usurped by other members on the Commission: Mr Buffalo, Mr Leopard and Mr Hyena. The animals which thus enjoy the fruits of the labour of the man are allegoric representations of the colonisers who enjoyed all kinds of luxury at the cost of the natives.

The elephant wanted to protect its delicate skin from the hailstorm.

Mr  Leopard.

Mr  Rhinoceros

The elephant wanted to turn the undeveloped space into more economic use.

Each time the man built a new house, it was forcefully occupied by one or the other animal of the jungle kingdom. The man was thrown out of his own house. The man’s state was really pitiable because each time he was promised justice, but each time he was denied justice.

The man finally built a bigger and better hut a little distance away.

The lion decided to appoint an Imperial Commission/Commission of Enquiry for an enquiry to solve the problem of the man.

As expected, the judgement was in favour of the elephant because all the members on the Commission were representatives from the elephant’s side. Moreover, none of the jungle representatives cared for justice. They were all selfish and hypocritical people, just as the jungle king lion himself was.

The man thought that his hut would be returned to him and that justice would be done.

The Commission gave its verdict in favour of the elephant.

The elephant asked the man if the man would let the elephant put his trunk inside the hut of the man in order to protect the trunk from the torrential rain.

Yes, I love to preserve the letter or appreciation from anyone I love most.

It flung the man out in the rain.

In favour of the elephant.

They have some similar ideology regarding the use of language in writing literature.

(c) to save the hut from the hurricane.

Answer is (c) Sri Sri

1. False 

2. False 

3. True 

4. True 

5. True

1. Gurajada was invited to attend the meeting’ of the Bangeeya Sahitya Parishad at Kolkata. 

2. Madras University honoured him with the title “Emeritus Fellow"

3. Rabindranath Tagore wrote a reply letter to Gurajada from Himalayas. 

4. Gurajada met Rabindranath Tagore to discuss the importance of vernacular language. 

5. Gurajada wrote an article on the experiences and impression of his meeting with Tagore.

c) To introduce a suitable style in Bengali vernacular language.

‘Sarangadhara’ (classical literature) written by Gurajada attracted Tagore.

1. had left, arrived 

2. had started, rushed 

3. met 

4. recognized, had seen 

5. arrived, had stopped

Gurajada Apparao was a legendary personality among the Telugu people. He was a social reformer and a revolutionary poet and writer. He used the language of common people in his writings. He had a strong faith in spoken Telugu.

Gurajada woke up the readers to fight the social evils. He dreamt of a new social system. He fought for women’s education, social equality and widow remarriages.

Being inspired by Gurajada’s literary work, The Bengal Literary Association invited him to attend a meeting at Calcutta. Syamendra Mohandas from Calcutta asked Gurajada to introduce a suitable style in the languages used by people in Bengali. In this connection, Gurajada met Rabindranath Tagore two times in 1912. Tagore wrote an article on the experiences and impression of his meeting with Gurajada.

Gurajada used noble, simple, clear and powerful words to express his straight forward ideals. Gurajada and Tagore were in constant touch with each other. They wrote letters each other. He passed away on 30th November 1915 leaving behind the legacy of immortal literature for future generations. No library is complete without the works of the legendary writer Gurajada.

Honey is one the oldest natural sweetner used by human beings since ancient times. Honey is made by Honey bees. It contains natural sugar proteins, iron and calcium and can be easily digested. It is used as a medicine to cure cough and sure throat. It is also a good anti – septic as it kills bacteria.

Honey – making is a complex process. Honey bees collect nectar from flowers mostly during spring season. They draw the nectar from the flowers through their long, tube like tongues. The nectar mixes with proteins and enzymes in the honey bees stomach and is converted into honey. Later the bees store the honey in the beehive in hexagonal cells made of bee – wax called honey – combs.

To store the honey for a long term, the honey – bees use their wings as a fan to dry up the water content in the nectar. Nectar has 80% water and honey has only about 14 – 18% water. When one of the honey combs gets filled up the bees close it with bee cap and then more on to another cell (honey comb). Therefore honey is nthing but nectar collected by the bees and regurgiated and dehydrated to enhance the nutriiional properties of honey.

There is an excellent example of division of labour among honey bees. They divide themselves in house bees and field bees.

Honey bees have a short life. They live only for a month. Around two – thousand bees die everyday in a hive. The queen bee only work is to lay eggs and maintain the population of the been – hive. Honey bees are very hard workers.

1. This tree diagram is about language skills

2. Speaking, writing, listening and reading

3. b) 2

4. c) writing

5. b) receptive

Let our words be polite and kind. Unkind words cause lasting damage.

The boy would scold kids, neighbours and even his friends. So, his friends and neighbours ignored him.