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The two false notions about the heart are: 

(i) it is romantic the home of feelings. 

(ii) it is a fragile and delicate thing.

The heart pumps about 18000 litres blood each day.

story, 

right, 

freedom, 

foreign, 

often

Fatty deposits begin to build up in the coronary arteries.

The ultimate aim of man is salvation or the liberation from rebirth. This can be achieved only by realizing God in ourselves through hard work, for only then can be achieve deliverance

b) do socially useful work

The worshiper

The rule about overtaking is important. One vehicle should overtake another vehicle only on the right, otherwise it may get in the way of the vehicle which is trying to keep to the left.

The rules of the road are most important. They ought to be obeyed-in human life. The purpose of these rules is to make the roads safe for everybody. Now-a-days the traffic has increased very much. All kinds of vehicles, fill the roads during the greater part of the day. Hence it is the duty of all the road users to obey the rules of the road. If people disobey traffic rules, accidents may happen sooner or later. So the rules of the road are most important.

(a) pillar to post

All users of road should give right signals, so that others on the road may be warned.

Generally people act without thinking of other people’s convenience. But everybody does not behave in this way. We sometimes notice with pleasure a young man in a bus giving up his seat to an elderly person or to a woman who has got in the bus with a baby in her arms. When a man sitting in a train or bus turns to person next and gets permission to smoke. He is giving thought to the convenience the other person.

The rules of the road are most important. They ought to be obeyed-in human life. The purpose of these rules is to make the roads safe for everybody. Now-a-days the traffic has increased very much. All kinds of vehicles, fill the roads during the greater part of the day. Hence it is the duty of all the road users to obey the rules of the road. If people disobey traffic rules, accidents may happen sooner or later. So the rules of the road are most important.

Generally people act without thinking of other people’s convenience. But everybody does not behave in this way. We sometimes notice with pleasure a young man in a bus giving up his seat to an elderly person or to a woman who has got in the bus with a baby in her arms. When a man sitting in a train or bus turns to person next and gets permission to smoke. He is giving thought to the convenience the other person.

Climbing a couple of flight of stairs to his office wouldn’t hurt either.

When John thinks of me at all, he thinks of me as fragile and delicate.

John blames almost everything on me. But I (heart) have little to do with his fatigue.

If heart is not a romantic character, it is a pumping machine.

(b) unimpressive

The muscles of the heart are stronger than the muscles of any other organ of body except the uterus of a woman.

Context : In this lesson the writer deals with the structure and functioning of the human heart. It works all the twenty four hours. Its function is just like a pump. It pushes the blood into the whole body through blood vessels. But with mental worry and anxiety of a man, the heart beating also becomes faster. 

Explanation : In this passage the heart makes it clear that he is not to be blamed for any trouble of the body. It tells John that his fatigue and giddiness are due to ear trouble. Sometimes he feels a sudden sharp pain in his chest while working in his office. John connects this trouble with the heart. But in reality it is due to over diet taken a few hours ago. Whenever there is any heart trouble due to excitement or over work heart itself sends out signal which indicates that it is not getting enough nourishment.

Correct option is (a) that is to obey the policeman on traffic duty

Cyclists are advised not to ride side by side on the road because this will interfere with the flow of traffic and cause accidents.

Context : Whenever there is any heart trouble, heart sends out its signal. It indicates that it is not getting enough nourishment. The heart does not get its nourishment from the blood passing through its four chambers. But it gets its nourishment by its own coronary arteries. 

Explanation : In this passage the heart says how heart attack happens. Sometimes either fat is deposited or a clot is formed in the coronary arteries. It blocks the artery. So, a portion of heart muscle which is fed by it dies and leaves a scar tissue. Thus, the supply through coronary arteries is interrupted and it causes heart trouble. Seriousness of the trouble depends upon the size and position of plugged artery.

When a man is worried, the heart beats increase from the normal beats. Gentle massage on vagus nerve will bring down the rate of beats.

In all parts of India there is a traffic rule that all vehicles should keep to the left and leave right half of the road free for those coming from the opposite direction.

The heart sends a signal in the form of pain in chest which indicates the coming danger of a heart-attack.

The heart does not want John to be a heart neurotic because then John will worry constantly. This worry will be troublesome to John as well as to his heart.

You must give up your bad habits.

(i) Pedestrians 

(ii) Motorists

To come across : He came across me near the park. 

Now and then : Now and then, he comes to trouble me with a request for loan. 

To get into : She got into trouble by back biting her principal. 

On purpose : We certainly do not interfere on purpose with other persons.

(i) Unless you are hungry, you needn’t eat now. 

(ii) Unless you take an autorickshaw, you will late for the meeting.

To avoid heart attack man should follow the following precautions : 

(i) should reduce overweight, 

(ii) should avoid smoking, 

(iii) should relax more and, 

(iv) should have light exercise and balanced diet.

I hang by ligament in the centre of his chest. 

1. ‘Of course’, everybody does not behave in this way refers to the way of behaviour of some people who, while travelling in railway trains, do not pay attention to the convenience of other fellow passengers.

2. When two motorists coming from opposite directions at night dim the light of their vehicles, they are being helpful to each other.

3. In all such actions, the good thing that we notice is that people give up a little of their convenience and freedom for the sake of others.

4. If people obey ‘the rules of the road life runs smoothly for all.

5. Joy mean pleasure and leaving means giving up.

(i) reading
(ii) left
(iii) has written
(iv) went

In the poem “The Mountain and the Squirrel” the poet says that different persons have different abilities. In this world everything is well-arranged and properly balanced. One cannot hate the other. The big creatures should not feel proud of their bigness and the small creatures should not feel ashamed of their smallness. If a squirrel cannot have forests on its back, a mountain cannot crack a nut.

Generally, people fail to realise that they are acting without any thought for other people’s convenience, when they put loudspeakers outside their houses. 

The way on which Yudhishthira went was through the forest full of wild bear, spotted deer and big forest birds.

Yudhishthira found his brothers lying dead near a pool of water.

He descended into the pool to quench his overpowering thirst. He also heard the same warning of answering the questions first.

Everyday men see creatures depart to Yama’s kingdom; and yet those who remain want to live forever. This truth is the greatest wonder.

Nakul and Sahdev were the sons of Madri.

Yudhishthira went to the forest in the direction his brothers had gone, because he wanted to find them.

Birth and learning do not make one a Brahmana; good conduct alone does. However learned a person may be, he will not be a ‘Brahmana’ without giving up bad habits. Even though he may be learned in the four Vedas, a man of bad conduct falls to a lower class.

Prayer is the soul and essence of religion and no man can live without religion. Therefore Gandhiji has an opinion that prayers be the essence of human life.

प्रार्थना धर्म की आत्मा और आधारभूत तत्त्व है और संसार का कोई भी आदमी धर्म के बिना रह ही नहीं सकता है। यही वजह है कि गांधीजी का विचारों में से यह एक है कि प्रार्थना धर्म का आधारभूत और आवश्यक तत्त्व हो।

The central idea of his speech was the importance of purity of mind and heart. He confirms that we can get it by means of sincere prayers.

उनके इस प्रवचन का मूल विचार था मन और हृदय (आत्मा) की शुद्धता का महत्त्व। वे इस बात के लिए विश्वस्त करते हैं कि इसे सावधानी पूर्वक किए गए। सतत प्रार्थना के माध्यम से प्राप्त किया जा सकता है|

Gandhiji describes two types of prayer in his lecture. One is petition and the other is inward communion.

इस प्रवचन में गांधीजी ने दो प्रकार के प्रार्थना की चर्चा किया है। इनमें से एक औपचारिक प्रार्थना है और दूसरा आंतरिक संवाद से युक्त प्रार्थना।

The impartiality of Yudhishthira pleased the Yaksha most.

By asking Nakula to be revived, Yudhishthira proved that he was impartial.