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Information supplied to meet a particular need of management is called report. It is helpful for management decision making. 

True

Explanation: The above statement is true, especially where there are only two partners in a firm and one of them retires. In order to continue the partnership, the firm needs to admit a new partner. Otherwise, the firm will be dissolved.

1. Rash Behari Bose was living in Japan since 1915. 

2. He had established the ‘Indian Independence League’ by organizing the Indian patriots living in the South East Asia. 

3. Japan conquered the territories of South-East Asia controlled by the British. 

4. Rash Behari Bose, with the help of Captain Mohan Singh, formed the Indian

National Army or Azad Hind Sena from the Indian prisoners of war captured by Japan.

1. As the British government was constantly neglecting the demands the Indian National Congress decided to start anti-war propaganda. 

2. Instead of a collective movement they decided every person should individually disobey the law. This is known as Individual Satyagraha.

3. Acharya Vinoba Bhave was the first Individual Satyagrahi. 

4. After him nearly 25,000 satyagrahis participated in individual satyagraha and were imprisoned.

1. Inspired by the heroics of the Indian National Army, the soldiers on the British warship ‘Talwar’ revolted on 8th February 1946. 

2. They hoisted the tricolour flag on the ship and raised slogans against the British Government. 

3. The exchange of fire between the rebels and the British army took place. 

4. The workers and common people extended their support. 

5. To support this uprising, the Air Force from Delhi, Lahore, Karachi, Ambala, Meerut went on strike.

6. The naval soldiers laid down their arms after the mediation by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.

The given picture is of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose.

1. Subhash Chandra Bose became the President of Indian National Congress twice. 

2. He was of the view to intensify the agitation and seek help from the enemies of England during the Second World War. 

3. He had difference of opinion with other senior leaders on these points. 

4. Therefore, he resigned from the office of the Congress President and formed a party, ‘Forward Bloc’. 

5. Subhash Chandra Bose was imprisoned by the British because he made an appeal to the people of India to revolt against the British. 

6. He was interned in his house by the British but he managed to escape in disguise and reached Germany in April 1941. 

7. He founded the ‘Free India Centre’ in Germany. 

8. He made an appeal to the people of India to join in the armed struggle for the independence of India from Berlin radio station. 

9. On the invitation of Rash Behari Bose, he went to Japan and led the Indian National Army. 

10. He formed the Azad Hind Government in Singapore in 1943. 

11. Under his leadership, Azad Hind Army captured the Aarakan province in Myanmar and posts on the eastern border of Assam. 

12. Netaji appealed to the people of India : ‘You give me blood and I will give you independence’. 

13. On 18 August, 1945 Netaji died in a plane crash.

1. The Act of 1935 provided for the formation of a federation of the British administered provinces and the Indian princely states. 

2. The working of the British administered provinces were transferred to the Indian representatives. 

3. On joining the federation, the princely states would lose their autonomy. 

4. So, the proposal of federation did not materialise as the rulers of the princely states refused to join the federation.

After the revolt of Navy and Air Force, the British Government realised that their rule in India was about to end.

1. On 8th August 1942, in the Mumbai session, the Indian National Congress gave the order of ‘Quit India’ to the British government. This was the beginning of a nationwide agitation. 

2. To fulfill the objective of independence, lakhs of Indians sacrificed their lives in this movement. 

3. The number of people who participated were so large that even all prisons in the country were not enough to contain them. 

4. The movement shook the foundation of British rule in India.

1. At the end of 1942, the young socialist leaders started the Underground Movement. 

2. S. M. Joshi, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia, Jayprakash Narayan were among the many eaders who led the movement. 

3. Aruna Asaf Ali, Usha Mehta, Sucheta Kriplani were the women leaders who led the movement. 

4. The activists disrupted transport and communication by breakdown of railway routes, cutting telephone lines, blowing up 8 bridges, etc. 

5. Hemu Kalani tried to destroy railway carrying British troops and supply, in Sindh province. 

6. Groups like Azad Dasta of Bhai Kotwal in Karjat and Lai Sena of General Awari in Nagpur made the government helpless and witless for months. 

7. Usha Mehta and Vitthal Zaveri started a secret transmission centre of Azad Radio in Mumbai. 

8. Many such centres operated at Kolkata, Delhi and Pune. 

9. Krantisinh Nana Patil formed parallel government in Satara.

10. Parallel governments were formed in Midnapore in Bengal, Ballia and Azamgrah in Uttar Pradesh and Purnia in Bihar. 

11. Krantiagrani GD (Bapu Lad) established ‘Toofan sena’ at Kundal.

Many important events took place between 1942 to 1946. The following effects were seen on the British rule :

1. It shook the foundation of British rule in India. 

2. The Quit India agitation manifested the strong anti-British feeling of the Indian people. 

3. The Army, Navy and Air Force considered to be backbone of the British power revolted against it. 

4. The British rulers realised that now their rule will not last long in India.

Gandhiji made the following appeal to the people of India during the Quit India session of Indian National Congress at Mumbai:

1. Everyone of you, should from this moment onwards, consider yourself a free man or woman.

2. Everyone should behave like a citizen of free India. 

3. Either we shall free India or die in the attempt. 

4. Through the appeal he stated that Indians should be ready to make a sacrifice with the feeling of ‘Do or Die.

1. On 14th July, 1942 the Congress Working Committee passed the Quit India Resolution at Wardha. 

2. It warned the British government of launch of a non-violent struggle for India’s independence. 

3. With this background, Quit India Session of the Indian National Congress began at Gowalia Tank (Kranti Maidan) in Mumbai on 7th August, 1942. 

4. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad presided over this session. 

5. The resolution passed at Wardha § session was finally approved in the Mumbai session.

6. On 8th August, Quit India Resolution, moved by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was passed with an overwhelming majority. 

7. Congress decided to launch a nationwide non-violent movement under the leadership of Gandhiji. 

8. Gandhiji gave inspiring message of ‘Do or Die’ to the people and appealed them to be ready to sacrifice for the nation.

1. During the Quit India Movement, parallel governments were established in many parts of India. 

2. It rendered great service by doing work like :

• Opposition to money lenders
• Prohibition of liquor 
• Spread of literacy

3. Opposition to caste distinctions, etc. Due to this, the Parallel Government became a source of inspiration for the public.

1. Quit India Resolution moved by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, was passed on 8th August with an overwhelming majority. 

2. On the same night, the leaders of the Indian National Congress were arrested. 

3. The news of these arrest aroused strong resentment. 

4. The angry people took out processions, tried to take control of government offices and attacked jails, police stations and railway stations. 

5. School children took out processions and shouted slogan “Vande Mataram”. 

6. Even though the police resorted to lathi charge and firing, the people were not afraid. The young and old showed determination and courage.

Generally accepted accounting principles = GAAP. 

Computer system elements are Hardware, Software people, procedure, data and connectivity.

1. The Indian National Army fought against the British in adverse circumstances under the leadership of Subhash Chandra Bose. 

2. The Imphal Campaign of Indian National Army remained incomplete as the Japanese stopped helping the Indian National Army. 

3. In the same period, Japan accepted defeat in the Second World War. 

4. On 18 August 1945, Subhash Chandra Bose died in a plane crash.

Under these circumstances, the soldiers of the Indian National Army had to lay down their arms.

Hardware of computer includes – physical components like, keyboard, mouse, monitor, CPU etc. These are electronic and electromechanical components.

A set of program, which is used to work with hardware is called its software. 

A coded set of instructions stored in the form of circuits is called firmware. 

The different types of software are ; 

1. Operating system 

2. Utility program 

3. Application software 

4. Language processors 

5. System software 

6. Connectivity software.

A procedure means a series of operations in a certain order or manner to achieve desire results.

Capabilities of computer system are: 

• Speed 

• Accuracy 

• Reliability 

• Storage

The demerits or limitations of computer system are; 

• Lack of common sense 

• Lack of decision making 

• Compulsory instructor.

Accounting information system, identifies, collects, process and communicates economic information about an entity to a wide variety of users.

The two features of computerised accounting system are : 

1. Online input and storage of accounting data. 

2. Grouping of ledger accounts is done in the beginning itself. 

3. Quick reporting to management and various types of reports can be produce. 

4. Invoices like purchase and sales can be prepared.

This statement is True.

Being a negotiable instrument, a bill of exchange is a written acknowledgment of debts and also a promise to pay the debt according to the terms of the bill and can be transferred from one person to another.

Correct option is (d) Indian Negotiable Instrument Act, 1881

Correct option is (a) Receiver

On putting A = 7 and we get,
7 + 5=12 In which one’s place is2.
So, A =7
And putting 2 and carry over 1, we get
B =6
Hence A = 7 and B =6

The various types of accounting software are: 

Ready-to-use Software- This type of software is readily available in the market with prescribed and standard features. This accounting software is basically used by the small size business enterprises, where the number of transactions is not so large. The cost of its installation and maintenance is also low. It has limited number of users, its adaptability is very high as it is relatively easier to learn and operate. It does not have a wide scope to link it with other information systems.

Advantages of Ready-made Accounting Software: 

a. This software is easily available in the market. 

b. It is less expensive, as it comes with basic and standard features. 

c. It involves a lesser need for training. 

d. It is less sophisticated. 

e. Its adaptability is very high as it is relatively easier to learn and operate. 

f. It is suitable for small-size business enterprises.

Disadvantages of Ready-made Accounting Software: 

a. It has limited number of users. 

b. It is not suitable for medium and large business organisation, where the number of transactions is very large.

c. It fails to cater the specific needs of the users, 

d. It suffers from the low level of data secrecy. 

e. It does not have a wide scope to link it with other information systems.

Customised Software: Customised software is the software that has standardised features to meet the special requirements of the users. It provides the scope of changing the features of accounting software. The functions of this software can be programmed as per the needs and requirements of the users. This type of software best suits the needs of medium and large businesses. Its cost of installation and maintenance is comparatively higher. It can be easily linked to the other information systems.

Tailored Software: Tailored or Tailor-made accounting software is the software that is developed as per the specifications and requirements of the users. This accounting software is generally used in the large business organisations with multi-user and geographically scattered locations. It is designed to meet the specific needs of the users and form an integral part of the organisational MIS. It has infinite number of users.

Advantages of Customised and Tailor-made Accounting Software: 

a. This software is suitable for medium and large business organisation. 

b. It caters the specific requirements and needs of the users. 

c. It can be modified as per the needs of the organisation. 

d. It has high level of security’ and minimises the loss and unauthorised access of data. 

e. It cannot be easily imitated or duplicated in the market due to difference in the needs and requirements of different users. 

f. It does not involve high cost of training as the training can be imparted within the ‘ organisation by the experienced personnel. 

g. It can be easily linked to the other information systems, 

h. It forms an integral part of the organisational MIS.

Disadvantages of Customised and Tailor-made Accounting Software: 

a. It involves high cost of installation and maintenance. 

b. Developing customised software is a time-consuming process and involves high cost of development. 

c. Maintenance of this software is difficult as there exists limited availability of knowledge to the developers. 

d. It lacks standard training module.

If a number is a multiple of 9, then the sum of its digits will be divisible by 9.

Sum of digits of 21y5 = 2 + 1 + y + 5 = 8 + y

Hence, 8 + y should be a multiple of 9.

This is possible when 8 + y is any one of these numbers 0, 9, 18, 27, and so on … However, since y is a single digit number, this sum can be 9 only. Therefore, y should be 1 only.

Since 21y5 is a multiple of 9.
Therefore according to the divisibility rule of 9, the sum of all the digits should be a multiple of 9.
Therefore, 2+1+y+5=9
=> 8+y = 9

=> y=1
This is possible when 8+y is any one of these numbers 0, 9, 18, 27, and so on …….
However, since y is a single digit number, this sum can be 9 only. Therefore, y should be 1 only.

Gravitational force.

Yes, whenever a body is on a free fall its weight is zero, but its mass remains unaltered.

1. The object with mass 25 kg has more inertia. 

2. The resistance to change the state of object will be more for a body of larger mass.

As the mass of the object increases the inertia of the object increases. 

a) Stone has more mass than rubber ball. So stone has more inertia. 

b) Train has more inertia. 

c) 5 rupee coin has more inertia.

Yes, If a body is in a state of uniform motion in a straight line (net force acting on it is zero), its a moving body in equilibrium.

Since the velocity of the bullet is much greater than that of the stone, the bullet is in contact with the glass for a very short time that the glass can’t give enough resistance.

(i) The cricket player stops the speeding ball suddenly in a very short time. The high value of velocity of the ball will be decreased to zero, in a very short time and it will result in a high retardation. 

(ii) When the player pulls his arms with the ball, he increases the value of time and so retardation is also decreased and retardation force is lesser than before and the palm of player is not hurt.

By moving his hand along the direction of motion of the ball, the player increases the time of contact, thus reduces the impulse felt.

Inertia of a body is directly proportional to its mass. Therefore the ratio of their inertia is Their inertia is also in the ration 1:2.

Due to inertia, the passengers tend to continue their state of rest, when the bus moves by accelerating.

This is done so as to avoid wear and tear.

The coefficient of friction between the rubber tyres and the road is lesser than the coefficient of friction between iron and steel.

Static friction comes into play when the horse applies force to start the motion in the cart, on the other hand, kinetic friction comes into play when the cart is moving.

Sometimes friction between two surfaces decreases to such an extent that it is difficult to move on that surface. So, friction needs to be increased. For example, vehicles can’t move on a road covered with snow. In such cases we have to throw sand on the road to increase the friction.

The automobile tyres have generally irregular projection over their surface so as to :

(a) Increase friction,

(b) Increase the grip with the ground and thus avoiding their skidding.