Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Answer is B. Victoria

A. Caspian Sea

Answer is A. Yangtze

D. Tanganyika

Answer is C. In winter

(c) Critics of globalization argue that it will bring cultural similarity.

To integrate a nation’s economy with the world economy is called globalization.

A. 1 – B, 2 – C, 3 – A

(d) Globalization is related to global mutual engagement.

In India globalization was initiated in 1991 by the then Prime Minister P.V. Narsimha Rao. And the then finance Minister Manmohan Singh initiated the new economic policies (liberalization, privatisation and globalization).

(b) It started in 1960.

(a) The only reason for this is reciprocal dependence on the economic surface.

Privatisation is a system or process of transferring an enterprise or industry from the public sector to the private sector. Private sector is encouraged.

1. Globalization has transformed the whole world into a global village. 

2. Economic development has become fast due to privatization and liberalisation.

(d) Globalization brings cultural similarity compulsorily.

Due to globalization people’s life expectation has doubled and the infant mortality has decreased in the developing countries.

Globalization, along with economic and political aspects, has affected cultural aspect also widely. The regional cultures of the world have mixed effect of globalization on them. It can affect the traditional cultures of the world most adversely. Globalization causes cultural similarity which is harmful for regional or traditional cultures. In the name of cultural similarity, the western culture is being thrust upon other regional cultures. A positive side of globalization is that due to technological development and flow, there is strong possibility of emergence of a new global culture. Internet, social media, cable TV etc have played an important role in removing the barriers among cultures of various countries.

Globalization has affected developing countries like China, India and Brazil but the most benefitted countries by globalization are the developed countries.

Globalization has affected the world economy the most. The Western capitalist countries are trying to find a market for their products in Asia and Africa. Due to this, the economic flow has become fast in developing and developed countries.

Globalization was started in India in 1991 by adopting the new economic policy i.e. liberalization, privatisation and globalization.

As a result of globalization, the concept of national state has been transformed. In the developed countries, the concept of the welfare state has been replaced by the least interfering state.

1. The revolutionaries were already associated with the original stream of revolution 

2. The suppressive policy of the British government excited the youth of Rajasthan to adopt the revolutionary path.

Guru Govind Singh Giri was the first reformer of the Bhils in the Mewar state of Rajasthan. He established the Samp Sabha and carried out social and religious reforms among the Bhil tribe. In southern Rajasthan, under the leadership of Guru Govind Singh, revolt started in tribal regions. This movement was known as Bhagat movement. He organised the Bhils of Southern Rajasthan, Gujarat and Malwa and joined them.

He did his best to abolish the evils prevailing among them. In 1913, on the hills of Mangarh (Banswara), all the Bhils had gathered together to participate in social, religious and national activities under the leadership of their Guru Govind Singh Giri. The British soldiers ruthlessly fired at them as had been done in Jallianwla Bagh at Amritsar. This cruel and ruthless action of British soldiers created a feeling of unity and nationalism among Bhils.

The ideological basis of the revolutionary movement was aggressive nationalism. The use of the bullets and the bomb was the duty of the revolutionaries.

(b) Kesari Singh Barahat

It was known by the name of Bhagat movement.

The Agent to Governor General in Rajasthan was George Patrick Lawrence.

(a) Thakur Kesari Singh Barahat

• The revolutionaries’ regards for motherland and the concept of staunch nationalism went on inspiring the Indians during national freedom movement.
• The nationalistic feelings inherent in the revolutionary movement prepared a background for peasant so movement and Praja Mandal movements.

Govind Guru.

In the form of revolutionary activities in Rajasthan.

(c) ArjunLal Sethi

• In Jaipur, the group under the leadership of Arjunlal Selhi. 
• In Kota, the group led by Kesari Singh Barahat. 
• In Ajmer, the group led by Ramgopal Singh Kharwa and Damodardas Rathi of Beawer.

(b) Vishnu Dutt

• Jai Narayan Vyas 
• Abhaymal Jain 
• Chhagan Raj Chopsasni 
• Ranchhod Das Guttani.

The results of the revolt of 1857 on Rajputana: 

1. The Indian states’ rulers were rewarded by the British government after the revolt of 1857, because the rulers of the Rajputana had been helpful to them. Now, a change was seen in British government policy. 

2. The ban on adoption of a heir was abolished to please the rulers of the Indian states. 

3. The facility for English education to the princes was provided. 

4. Now, the states directly came under the control of the British government instead of the East India Company. 

5. After revolt the western style was seen in the life of the state rulers and the officers. Now, they began to praise the British way of life and administration. They now felt proud to be in the service of the British empire.

6. The Aristocrats (feudals) had openly opposed the British rule. So, after revolt the British government’s policy was to abolish the existence of (feudalism). They tried to destroy the prestige of the Jagirdars in the eyes of the public. The feudals were compelled to pay their soldiers in cash. Their judicial rights were cut short. Special rights earlier provided to the feudals were also taken back.

7. After revolt of 1857, a network of metalled roads and railways developed rapidly throughout Rajputana. This step made transportation easy and comfortable. Educational facilities were provided to the middle-class people of the society. So, the Britishers created an educated group of persons among Rajputana society. They created a new group of educated and logical minded people,who could be the Britishers. 

8. The British government adopted a policy of giving protection and encouragement to the vaishya community (business class) to strengthen the economy of the state of Rajputana. Later,the Vaishya community in Rajputana became more influential. 

9. The British government had developed the concept that Indian masses were frightened by tyranny and looting ways of the Mughals and the Marathas and they felt safe and secure under British administration. The revolt of 1857 proved that the concept they cherished was baseless.

It clearly proved that Indians could not bear the yoke of slavery for long. They wanted to live a free and independent life. They were the lovers of freedom for which they could sacrifice anything. They could not tolerate foreign rule. So the struggle for freedom continued in spite of failure of 1857 revolution.

On March 20, 1913, Master Vishnu Dutt along with his student Moti Chand, Jai Chand, Manak Chand and Jorawar Singh, committed daoity in the Jain Sub – Centre at village Neemage of district Ara (Bihar). They wanted money for fulfilling the needs of the revolutionaries. In this dacoity, the monk of the Jain Sub – Centre was killed. Arjunlal Selhi was arrested on the charge that he had a hand in the conspiracy of the dacoity.

Arjun Lai Selhi believed that the root cause of political and economic plight of India was the colonial rule of the British.

ArjunLal Sethi established the Vardhman Vidyalaya Jaipur.

The contribution of Rajasthan in the freedom struggle of 1857 is described under the following points: 

1. The revolt of Nasirabad: 

On 28th May,1857 the 15th Bengal native infantry and other Indian soldiers revolted for the first time in Rajasthan. Here, the revolting soldiers attacked upon the bungalows of British officers and murdered Major Spotis Wood and Newbury. 

2. Revolt at Neemuch: 

On 3rd June, 1857 the soldiers at Neemuch cantonment revolted. They put the armoury on fire and attacked the bungalows of British officers and murdered the wife and children of a British sergeant. These rebel soldiers looted English bungalows at Chittorgarh, Hamirgarh and Banera. Then, they left for Delhi via Shahpura. 

3. Revolt in Tonk State: 

The soldiers at Deoli Cantonment revolted in 1857 and left for Tonk where the people warmly welcomed them against the order of Nawab. Then, the soldiers reached Delhi via Agra. 

4. Revolt in Erinpura: 

In the month of August, when the news of revolt at Nasirabad, Neemuch and Delhi reached Erinpura cantonment, the soldiers, on 21st August, 1857 revolted and took possession of Erinpura cantonment. Then, they attacked the colony of the British. They raised the slogan challo Delhi Maro Firangi’ and marched towards Delhi. 

5. Revolt in Auwa: 

Thakur Kushal Singh of Auwa was annoyed with the English rulers and the Maharana of Jodhpur (Takhat Singh). So, Thakur Kushal Singh accepted to lead the soldiers of Erinpura cantonment. 

6. Revolt in Kota: 

Kota was the only place in Rajasthan where the public revolted though there was no cantonment. In Kota, the public revolted and ran the administration for six months. In Rajasthan, people hoisted the national flag here on Kotwali for the first time. 

7. Revolt in Dholpur: 

Bhagwant Singh, the ruler of Dholpur, was a supporter of the Britishers. In October 1857, the rebel soldiers from Gwalior and Indore entered Dholpur, and inspired by the patriotism of the revolting soldiers, they also stood beside them and joined the revolution. The revolutionaries ruled upon the state for two months. ‘ 

8. Revolt in Bharatpur: 

The ruler of Bharatpur, Raja Jaswant Singh, was a minor. So, the political agent Maurishan looked after the affairs of the state. Being angry w ith the Britisher’s policy, the Gurjars and the Mewons revolted on 31st May,1857 and joined the revolutionaries. Maurishan fled from Bharatpur to Agra. 

9. Revolt at Karauli: 

Madan Pal, the ruler of Karauli supported the British rulers. He appealed to his people not to support the revolutionaries. But the people paid no attention to his appeal and supported the revolutionaries. 

10. Revolt In Alwar: 

Bunne Singh, the Maharaja of Alwar sent his army to Agra in support of the Britishers. But Faizulla Khan the dewan of Alwar had full sympathy with the national feelings of the revolutionaries. The public of Alwar also were with the revolutionaries. 

11. Revolt in Bikaner: 

Maharaja Sardar Singh of Bikaner was a supporter of the Britishers. He went out of Bikaner with his army to suppress the revolutionaries. He provided protection and safety to the Britishers. He sternly controlled the people who had anti – British feelings. 

12. Revolt in Vagad and Mewar: 

Maharana Swaroop Singh the ruler of Mewar supported the Britishers in suppressing the revolt. The revolutionaries looted the Contonment at Neemuch and reached Shahpura Thikana of Mewar. The public of the state co-operated with the revolutionaries.

The feudal of Slumber and Kotharia extended full co – operation to the revolutionaries. In conclusive form,it can be said that although the revolt of 1857 did not prove to be successful,yet the anti – British feelings which had sprouted out due to this revolt affected Rajasthan also.The blaze of freedom ignited here also.

(a) 10th May 1857

The revolutionary group under the leadership of Arjun Lai Sethi was stationed at Jaipur

(c) Rao Gopal Singh

On 10th May, 1857 from Meerut the freedom struggle of 1857 started for the first time.

(D) Chanting of a name

On 28th May, 1857 from Nasirabad Cantonment.

15th Bengal Infantry posted at Nasirabad.

(C) Baba Farid – Allahabad

(C) Siddhacharas and Nathpanthis

A genealogy of Sufi teachers is called Silsila