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Electric circuit is a path for transmitting electric current. An electric circuit includes a device that gives energy to the charged particles constituting the current, such as a battery or a generator; devices that use current, such as lamps, electric motors, or computers; and the connecting wires or transmission lines. 

Two of the basic laws that mathematically describe the performance of electric circuits are Ohm’s law and Kirchhoff’s rules.

An electric circuit provides a complete, closed path for electricity. The parts of a circuit consist of a load or resistance; wires; and a switch. The source of energy can be a battery, thermocouple, photocell or an electric generator. The load is the part of the circuit that uses the power. The load of the circuit always offers some resistance to the flow of electrons. As a result energy is convert into heat, light or mechanical energy. The switch is an electric circuit is used to prevent the flow of electrons. This is called an open circuit  

There are two types of electric circuits, the series and parallel circuit.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Osteoporosis is a disease of bones and cartilage in which there is a reduction in bone tissue mass causing weakness of skeletal bones and fragility. It is caused by excessive resorption of calcium and phosphorous from the bones.

The correct option is: (b) 2 only

Explanation:

Cold-blooded animals require much less energy to survive than warm-blooded animals.

The correct option is: (c) 2, 3 and 4

Explanation:

The Vechur cattle is a rare breed of Bos indicus, named after the village Vechoor in Kottayam district of the state of Kerala in India. Its average length is 124 cm and height is 87 cm, according to the Guineas Book of Records, it’s the smallest cattle breed in the world. Its milk is considered to have medicinal properties. Unlike other cattle, they can resist drought by being hardy towards it.

The correct option is;(a) 1 only

Explanation:

Temperate climatic zones see spring and autumn distinctly in a year. Spring brings plenty of water that the trees can take up to form larger xylem vessels and a broader and soft 'springwood'. In late summer or in winters, the climate becomes dry severing enough water supply, thus, the vascular cambium cuts off smaller xylem vessels forming a narrow and darker dense 'autumn woods'. Spring and autumn woods together form a growth ring or annual growth ring. Counting each growth ring as the age of the tree.

The correct option is: (a) Swine flu

Explanation:

Tamiflu (oseltamivir) is an antiviral medication used to treat Swine flu.

The correct option is: (c) (ii) and (iv)

Explanation:

Left atrium receives oxygenated blood from lungs while right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from different parts of the body. Left atriumtransfers oxygenated blood to left ventricle which sends it to different parts of body.

The blood is pumped from heart to the entire body by the ventricals.

Pharmacology is a branch of science that deals with the study of drugs and their actions on living systems - that is, the study of how drugs work in the body (sometimes referred to as 'drug actions'). To understand this we need to consider what a drug is, how it affects our physical, emotional and psychological wellbeing, the type of drug being used, the modes of administration, how the drug is absorbed and the characteristics of the person taking the drug.

The process of sharing the charges with the earth is called as earthing.

Answer: A, B, D
Friction is reduced by using oil, grease, ball bearings and talc.
Because by the use of these things, the surface becomes smooth and therefore it helps in reducing the force of friction.

The correct option is: (B)

Explanation:

Diamond is a metastable allotrope of carbon, where the carbon atoms are arranged in a variation of the face-centred cubic crystal structure called a diamond lattice.

The most common constituent of sand is silica (silicon dioxide, or SiO₂), usually in the form of quartz, which, because of its chemical inertness and considerable hardness is the most common mineral resistant to weathering.

Marble is composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite. Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃).

Ruby is a pink to a blood-red-coloured gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum (aluminium oxide).

The correct option is: (B)

Explanation:

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element: while all isotopes of a given element share the same number of protons and electrons, each isotope differs from the others in its number of neutrons. For example, carbon-12, carbon-13 and carbon-14 are three isotopes of the element carbon with mass numbers 12, 13 and 14 respectively. The atomic number of carbon is 6, which means that every carbon atom has 6 protons, so that the neutron numbers of these isotopes are 6, 7 and 8 respectively

(d) Energy is either absorbed or evolved during the preparation of a mixture but not in the preparation of a compound.

Explanation:

The compound is always formed by absorption or evolution of energy but no energy is released or absorbed during the formation of mixture.

(d) A is false, but R is true.

Explanation:

The main components of LPG are butane and propane.

Closing capital = Opening Capital + Profit + additional capital introduced – Drawings

= 1,70,000+1,20,000 +20,000 – 70,000

= 3,10,000-70,000 = 2,40,000.

Accounting records which are not prepared in accordance with the principles of double entry are known as ‘incomplete records’ following are the two characteristics of ‘Accounting from incomplete records’

1. Maintenance of personal accounts only – Under this system, only personal accounts are prepared in the books and the real and nominal accounts are ignored

2. Maintenance of Cash book – A cash book is maintained under the system, which usually mixes up business as well as private transactions of the proprietor.

(i) Total Fixed Assets = Goodwill + Land + Plant + Furniture 

=20,000 + 20,000 + 32,000 + 8,000

= Rs. 80,000

(ii) Total Current Assets = Stock in hand + Debtors + Prepaid

Expenses

=48,000 + 36,000 + 400

= Rs. 84,400

(iii) Total Current Liabilities = Trade Creditors + Expenses

Outstanding + Bank Overdraft

= 42,000+ 3,200 + 4,800

= Rs. 50,000

Following are the three differences between Balance Sheet and Statement of  Affairs.

Following are to three differences between balance sheet and statement of affairs.

1. Cheques deposited but not cleared.

2. Cheques issued but not presented.

3. Direct deposit by a customer.

4. Bank charges not recorded in cash book, etc.

Causes of difference between Bank balance as shown by Cash Book and Pass Book:

(i) Cheques issued by the bank but not yet presented.

(ii) Cheques paid into bank but not yet collected.

(iii) Amount directly deposited by customers into bank.

(iv) Direct debit by bank on behalf of customers.

(v) Interest and Dividend collected by bank.

(vi) Bank charges debited by bank in Pass Book.

The national emblem is an adaptation of the Lion Capital, originally found atop the Ashoka Column at Sarnath, established in 250 BC. The capital has four Asiatic lions—symbolising power, courage, pride and confidence—seated on a circular abacus. The abacus has sculptures of a bull, a horse, a lion and an elephant. In the national emblem, three lions are visible; the abacus shows a bull and horse separated by a dharma chakra; the outlines of two more dharma chakras are visible on either side of the abacus.

While Buddhist interpretations say the animals represent different phases of the Buddha’s life, non-religious interpretations say they depict the reign of emperor Ashoka in the four geographical directions, while the wheels depict his enlightened rule.

The capital was adopted as the national emblem on January 26, 1950. It was chosen as a symbol of contemporary India’s reaffirmation of its ancient commitment to world peace and goodwill.

Current Status

The national emblem is a symbol of the Government of India and is used on official documents; it is the official seal of the President of India and the Central and state governments. The symbol is recognised internationally as representing the Republic of India, and is found on all passports and other international documents.

The Lion Capital has received its due attention too. After being removed from the Ashok Column, it has been housed in the Sarnath Museum since 1910. It is kept at a temperature between 200C and 240C, and humidity of 45 to 55 percent. Placed behind a railing, it is guarded by personnel from the Uttar Pradesh police force. In 2013, the museum had 3.27 lakh visitors.

Although government officials were forthcoming with information about the national emblem and the Lion Capital, attempts to get an official quote got tangled in bureaucratic machinery.

Here are seven ways you can improve computer speed and its overall performance.

• Uninstall unnecessary software.
• Limit the programs at startup.
• Add more RAM to your PC.
• Check for spyware and viruses.
• Use Disk Cleanup and defragmentation.
• Consider a startup SSD.
• Take a look at your web browser.

Heavy amount spent on advertisement is Deferred Revenue Expenditure.

(d) water has highest density of 4°C so underneath the top layer of ice there is layer of water.

Explanation:

In cold countries, when the temperature of fresh water reaches 4°C, the layers of water near the top in contact with cold air continue to lose heat energy and their temperature falls below 4°C. On cooling below 4°C, these layers do not sink but may rise up as fresh water has a maximum density at 4°C. Due to this, the layer of water at 4°C remains at the bottom and above this layers of water 3°C, 2°C, 1°C and 0°C are formed. Because ice is a poor conductor of heat, it does not absorb heat energy from the water beneath the layer of ice which prevents the water freezing. Thus, aquatic creatures survive in such places.

The correct option is: (a) 3 4 1 2

Explanation:

Hugo de Vries introduced the term mutation and developed the mutation theory of evolution. Darwin had given the theory of evolution. One gene one enzyme hypothesis was an idea which said that one gene is responsible for producing one enzyme only. This was proposed by Beadle and Tatum in 1941. The concept of Operon was given by Jacob and Monod in 1961.

Nasopharyngeal cancer is caused by EBV virus.

EBV infection increases a person's risk of getting nasopharyngeal cancer (cancer of the area in the back of the nose) and certain types of fast-growing lymphomas such as Burkitt lymphoma. It may also be linked to Hodgkin lymphoma and some cases of stomach cancer.

A frying pan is made up of steel but its handle is made up of wood because metals are good conductors of heat, hence the portion of frying pan supposed to receive heat is made of steel. However, the handle which is supposed to be handled by humans are not supposed to carry heat, hence it is made up with bad conductor of heat, i.e, plastics, Bakelite, wood, etc.

The ability of an organism to pass on its genes to future generations is "fitness of an individual' according to Darwin.

The correct option is:(c) Only 1 and 3

Explanation:

The instrument used for measuring blood pressure is known as Sphygmomanometer or BP apparatus. Blood pressure is usually measured from left brachial artery.

Autoanalyser is a computer controlled instrument for various biochemical tests on a sample of blood, urine or other body fluids. 

CT scanning, developed by Godfrey Hounsfield in 1968, (Nobel Prize in 1979).

Gambusia is a larvivorous fish, used as a biocontrol agent for mosquitoes.

Let's take the direction of the top of our screen here as West(for convenience. ).

Then Sachin moved

A–––————B ↓

C

Now, we know that on early morning if we face the sun....we are facing the east ....Then..

The direction in which A is South and B is North.

Therefore.

The answer to the question is 

d.South.

=  n(n-1)/2

= 15(14)/2

= 105 handshakes

The correct option is: (a) 3 1 5 4 2

Explanation:

Leucocytes are white blood cells. These comprise of neutrophils which provide protection to the body through phagocytosis of bacteria and thus act as scavengers. The basophils are the granulocytes which contain histamines and heparin. Heparin thins the blood to prevent clotting. Histamines dilate the blood vessels and increase the permeability of capillaries. Monocytes are of two types namely macrophages and dendritic cells. Acidophils take up a role in anti-allergic reactions and wound healing. The lymphocytes are B cells, T cells and natural killer cells. These are mainly involved in the immune responses by producing specific antibodies.

The correct option is: (c) 1 and 3 only

Explanation:

GPON standard differs from other passive optical network standards in that it achieves higher bandwidth and higher efficiency using larger variable length packets. GPON offers efficient packaging of user traffic with frame segmentation allowing higher quality of service for delay sensitive voice and video communications traffic. On the other hand, PON is a network architecture that brings fibre cabling and signals to the home using a point-to-multipoint scheme that enables a single optical fibre to serve multiple premises.

(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

If ice collects on the freezer, the cooling in the refrigerator is affected adversely because ice is a poor conductor of heat

(b) half the height of the person

The minimum height of a plane mirror to see the full-size image of a person is equal to the half the height of the person

(c) both wave and particle (dual) nature.

According to the modern theory of nature of light, the light has both wave and particle nature. 

The correct option is: (A)

Explanation:

Potassium bromide is a salt used to make photographic papers and plates and for process engraving.

Gunpowder, also known since the late 19th century as black powder, is a mixture of sulphur, charcoal, and potassium nitrate (saltpeter)—with the sulphur and charcoal acting as fuels, while the saltpeter works as an oxidizer

The principal use of potassium sulphate is as a fertilizer. K₂SO₄ does not contain chloride, which can be harmful to some crops. Potassium sulphate is preferred for these crops, which include tobacco and some fruits and vegetables.

A white, acid, crystalline solid or powder, KHC₄H₄O₆, used in baking powder, in the tinning of metals, and as a component of laxatives. Also called cream of tartar.

The correct option is: (d) II and III

Explanation:

Rectified spirit is a mixture with composition of 95% ethanol and 5% water. Absolute alcohol is 100% concentrated ethanol. Power alcohol is a mixture of 75-80% petrol, 20-25% ethanol and minute amount of aromatic compounds.

The correct option is: (b) 2 only

Explanation:

Oxalic acid is used as rust removal agent because it forms a stable water soluble salt with ferric iron i.e., ferrioxalate ion.

The correct option is: (a) γ - rays

Explanation:

γ - rays has highest frequency range and hence highest penetrating power. These are able to travel many feet in air and many inches in human tissue. These readily penetrate most materials and are sometimes called "penetrating" radiation.

Double fertilization in Angiosperms involves fusion of both the male gametes in pollen tube to form diploid zygote and a triploid endosperm mother cell.

Duckbilled platypus is that rare mammal which is oviparous. Oviparous animals are those that lie eggs, inside which the young ones develop before hatching.

The correct option is (5) none of the above.

Explanation:

A decision support system (DSS) is a computer program application that analyzes business data and presents it so that users can make business decisions more easily.

Transaction Process System it is a type of information system (IS) that collects, stores, modifies and retrieves transaction of an organization. Here the word transaction is used to mean any event that generates or modifies data stored in the IS. For example batch processing is an example of TPS.

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is business process management software that allows an organization to use a system of integrated applications to manage the business and automate many back office functions related to technology, services and human resources. ERP software typically integrates all facets of an operation — including product planning, development, manufacturing, sales and marketing — in a single database, application and user interface.

Management information system(MIS) broadly refers to a computer-based system that provides managers with the tools to organize, evaluate and efficiently manage departments within an organization. The MIS manager typically analyzes business problems and then designs and maintains computer applications to solve the organization’s problems.

Mass of brass in air = 12.9 g

Mass of brass in water = 11.3 g

Mass of water displaced = 13.9 - 11.3 = 1.6 g

relative density of copper = 8.9

Relative density of zinc = 7.1

Relative density = density of substance/ density of water

Density of copper = 8.1 g/cc

Which can be written as Mass/ Volume = 8.1 g/cc

Similarly Density of zinc = 7.9 g/cc

and volume of alloy = 1.6 cc

Let x be the mass of copper is alloy

Hence, alloy contains the substances

Volume of alloy = Volume of copper + Volume of zinc

1.6 = x/8.9 + (12.9 - x)/7.1

1.6 = 7.1x + 8.9(12.9 - x)

x = 7.614 g

Mass of copper is 7.614 g. 

Loss of weight = (12.9 - 11.3) g = 1.6 g

weight of water displaced = 1.6 g

If m is the mass of Cu, them [m/8.9 + (12.9 - m)/7.1] g = 1.6 g

7.1 m + 12.9 x 8.9 - 8.9 m = 1.6 x 8.9 x 7.1

1.8 m = 114.8 -101.1

m = 7.6 g