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The correct option is:  (a) 3 4 2 1

Explanation:

'Curiosity' is a car-sized robotic rover, exploring Gale Crater on Mars as part of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory Mission (MSL)

'MESSENGER' is an acronym of Mercury Surface Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging. It is a robotic NASA spacecraft orbiting the planet Mercury. Rustom is a Medium Altitude Long Endurance unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV) being developed by DRDO.

Akash–2 is a computer Tablet developed by DATAWIND an Indian company

(d) All of the above

ISRO and NASA have agreed to form a working group for co-operation in Moon and Mars mission for future metrology and space exploration and also in Helio physics. 

The correct option is: (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation:

Both the statements regarding Indian Polar Research stations are incorrect.

India's first expedition to Antarctica was in 1981, she expanded it by undertaking its first Arctic expedition in August 2007 by setting up 'Himadri' at Nye–Alesund in Norway in 2008 to mark the International Polar Year (IPY).

The first Antarctic research station was Gangotri (1983) and second, was Maitri (1989). 'Bharti' or 'Bharti' is the third Antarctic station at Larsemann in East Antarctica.

The possible proportions that can be made from the numbers 15, 18, 35 and 42 are

(i) 15 : 35 :: 18 : 42

(ii) 42 : 18 :: 35 : 15

(iii) 42 : 35 :: 18 : 15

(iv) 15 : 18 :: 35 : 42

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:

The rates of most reactions increase with a rise in temperature. Raising the temperature increases the fraction of molecules having very high kinetic energies. These are the ones most likely to react when they collide. The higher the temperature, the larger the fraction of molecules that can provide the activation energy needed for reaction.

(c) Gasoline, kerosene, diesel

Explanation:

Petroleum products are usually grouped into three categories: light distillates (LPG, gasoline, naphtha), middle distillates (kerosene, diesel), heavy distillates and residuum (heavy fuel oil, lubricating oils, wax, asphalt). Hence, the correct option would be: Gasoline, kerosene, diesel.

The correct option is: (d) Only (c)

(c) Zinc phosphide — Rat poison.

Explanation:

Cerargyrite, also called Horn Silver, gray, very heavy halide mineral composed of silver chloride (AgCl); it is an ore of silver.

Tiny particles of silver iodide are sprayed on a cloud from an aeroplane. The particles attract water drops from the cloud. When they form a drop that is large enough, it starts raining.

Zinc phosphide is an inorganic compound that is used in pesticide products as a rodenticide.. Zinc oxide is also known as philosopher's wool.

(d) does not form an explosive mixture with air

Explanation:

Hydrogen combines with oxygen with explosive force in the presence of a spark. Helium is an inert gas that will not burn or explode so is much safer to use in balloons instead of hydrogen.

The correct option is: (d) A is false but R is true

Explanation:

Mach number, a useful quantity in aerodynamics, is the ratio of airspeed to the local speed of sound. The speed of sound varies with temperature. Since temperature and sound velocity normally decrease with increasing altitude, sound is refracted upward. Mach number is a function of temperature at altitude. With decrease in sound velocity Mach number increases.

The correct option is:(a) Both 1 and 2

Explanation:

When the person looks at a coin which is in a bucket of water, the coin will appear closer and at a higher level than it really is.

µ₂ = real depth / apparent depth

On a day in 399 BC the philosopher Socrates stood before a jury of 500 of his fellow Athenians accused of "refusing to recognize the gods recognized by the state" and of "corrupting the youth." Socrates was 70 years old and familiar to most Athenians. His anti-democratic views had turned many in the city against him.

(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

A piece of ice added to the drink cool it because ice takes latent heat from the drink for melting resulting in the cooling of the drink.

'Quality Factor’ of resonance in series LCR circuit is the ratio of resonant frequency to frequency band width of the resonant curve. 

Q = ωr / (ω₂ – ω₁ ) = ωrL/R 

From the above expression, it is clear that smaller the value of R, larger the quality factor, sharper the resonance. So, quality factor determines the nature of the sharpness of resonance. 

Therefore quality factor does not have SI unit.

Plate Tectonics Theory 

The theory of plate tectonics is what brings together continental drift and seafloor spreading. Plates are made of lithosphere topped with oceanic and/or continental crust. The plates are moved around on Earth's surface by seafloor spreading. Convection in the mantle drives seafloor spreading. Oceanic crust is created at mid-ocean ridges. The crust moves outward from the ridge over time. The crust may eventually sink into the mantle and be destroyed. If a continent sits on a plate with a mid-ocean ridge, the continent will be pushed along.

Three physiographic divisions of India are: 

(a) Northern Mountains, 

(b) Northern Plains and  

(c) Peninsular Plateau.

(a) (i) Northern Mountains : These extend from Indus in the west to Brahmaputra in the east  covering a distance of about 2400 kms.

(ii) They are young fold mountains having the highest peaks in the world.

(b) (i) Northern Plains : They are made up of huge silt and alluvium deposited by mighty rivers flowing from Himalayas. 

(ii) These plains consist of alluvial soils flood plains, leves, channel bars and fluffs etc   

(c) (i) Peninsular Plateau: It Is the oldest part of the country which Is triangular In shape. 

(ii) This plateau is divided into two parts as Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau.

NRCP stands for National River Conservation Plan. Ganga Action Plan Phase- I was taken up for controlling the pollution of river Ganga and improving its water quality in 1985. This action plan was further extended to other rivers of India and divides into two segments- Ganga Action Plan Phase-II and National River Conservation Plan. In 1995, action plans for other rivers got approved under NRCP. The Ganga Action Plan Phase-II was merged with NRCP in December 1996. In 2009, National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA), a collaborative institution of central and state governments was established to lead the vision of improving the water quality of the major rivers through the implementation of pollution abatement Schemes. It covered pollution abatement works in 46 towns along the polluted stretches of 18 rivers spread over 10 States. The activities which include under NRCP are a diversion of raw sewage flowing into the river and diverting them into sewage treatment plants, establishing new sewage treatment plants, low-cost toilets establishment to prevent open defecation on riverbanks etc.

Lakshadweep Islands lie in the Arabian Sea.

Tethys is a shallower sea which lie between the Angara land and Gondwana land due to heavy attraction between the two lands Tethys has formed the Himalayan mountain.

Jet streams are like rivers of wind high above in the atmosphere. These slim strips of strong winds have a huge influence on climate, as they can push air masses around and affect weather patterns.

Consumer Movement:

According to Philip Kotler and G. Amstrong, "Consumerism is an organized movement of citizens and government to impose the rights and powers of buyers in relation to sellers."

The basic idea behind the consumer protection movement is protection of the right of consumers. It was President Kennedy who declared the consumers’ rights for the first time in his message to the American Congress in March 1962. They were the right to information, the right to choose and the right to be heard. Later, International Organisation of Consumers’ Union added four more rights, viz, the right to redress, the right to consumer education, the right to healthy environment and the right to basic needs. These rights were incorporated in the United Nation’s Charter of Human Rights. The Government of India also recognised these rights later.

The consumer movement exercises a considerable influence on the socio-economic environment of business. In a country like India where there is a high percentage of illiteracy among people, where people are less informed and where critical goods are always in short supply, the Government has a significant role in safeguarding the interests of consumers by promoting a climate of fair competition and preventing exploitation of consumers. The consumer movement has changed it and sellers feel now it is a question of seller beware. The objective of the consumer movement is to secure the interests of the consumer against all types of unfair trade practices. Consumerism as an effective and organised movement started in 1960s in the USA. Ralph Nader has lifted consumerism into a major social force. Consumerism may be defined as a social force within the environment designed to aid and protect the consumers by exerting legal, moral and economic pressures on business and government.

Features of Consumer Movement: 

1. It is basically a protest movement.

2. It is a mass movement in the sense that masses are the general body of consumers.

3. It is generally a non-official movement. Public and voluntary consumers, organisations initiate the movement.

4. Though it is not a government-sponsored movement, it is recognised and backed up by the Government.

Structure of an HTML Document 

An HTML document has two main parts: the head and the body. But firstly every HTML document should start by declaring that it is an HTML document.  

These tags are of the form:  

<html> 

Should appear at the beginning of your document. 

</html> 

Should appear at the end of your document. 

HTML Tags  

This leads us nicely on to say more about [X]HTML tags. All formatting tags (or elements) are of the general form:  

<tag_on> Switches the tag sequence on. For example, to bold some text add a <strong> at the beginning of the text. 

</tag_off> 

Switches the tag sequence off. The tag_on and tag_off tags are the same except the off tag has an / character in front of it. For example, to switch off the bolding add a </strong> character sequence at the end of the text that is to be given the attribute of bolding. 

Note: HTML is a case insensitive mark-up language, i.e. as far as all browsers are concerned the tags <HTML> and <html> are indistinguishable. However XHTML uses only lowercase tags which will be used throughout this course.

The HTML <marquee> tag is used for scrolling piece of text or image displayed either horizontally across or vertically down your web site page depending on the settings.  

Example

<!DOCTYPE html> 

<html>     

<head>       

<title>HTML marquee Tag</title>   

</head>     

<body>       

<marquee>This is basic example of marquee</marquee>       

<marquee direction = "up">The direction of text will be from bottom to top.</marquee>    

</body>  

</html>

(i) Money with the public

(ii) Demand Deposits

(i)Currency and coins with public

(ii) Demand deposits of commercial banks

Demand falls when price rises is an example of positive economics.

1cm³ = 1 ml
as 1 L = 1000 mL
Therefore
1 L = 1000 cm³
we know 1 m = 100 cm 
1 L = 1000 x (10^-2 m)³ = 10^-3 m³

1 L = 10^-3 m³

5 L of milk

Volume of milk = 5 x 10^-3 m³

1cm³ = 1 ml
as 1 L = 1000 mL
Therefore
1 L = 1000 cm³
we know 1 m = 100 cm 
1 L = 1000 x (10^-2 m)³ = 10^-3 m³

1 L = 10^-3 m³

5 L of milk

Volume of milk = 5 x 10^-3 m³

The Roof of greenhouse made slanted because:

(i) A slanted roof will allow for water and snow to "Shed" off of it better.

(ii) A flat roof would hold snow and rain.

(iii) Greenhouse are designed to be set with the long ends getting the morning and afternoon sun. The long, pitched sides will allow for a better distribution of light throughout the greenhouse.

(iv) Our standard greenhouses go anywhere from a 2.5 on 12 roof slope to a 12 on 12 roof slope. This will change the look of the greenhouse dramatically.

Ionosphere layer of atmosphere helps in telecommunication.

(d) the level of water will remain the same.

After the melting of ice, the level of water remains the same because the total volume of the melted ice is equal to the volume of floating ice.

(d) forward with acceleration

When the man tosses a coin, the coin falls behind him, because the train is moving forward with acceleration.

Uses of Incomplete records:

(i) This system is useful to the businessmen who do not have the proper knowledge of the accounting principles.

(ii) It is an inexpensive mode of making records.

(iii) It consumes less times.

(iv) It is a convenient mode because only one aspect of transaction is recorded.

Closing Capital = Opening Capital + Additional Capital + Profit – Drawings

= 3,40,000 + 40,000 + 2,40,000 – 1,40,000

= 4,80,000

Difference between Statement of Affairs and Balance Sheet:

Statement of profit and loss for the year ended 31st March, 2015

Closing capital = Opening Capital + Profit + additional capital introduced – Drawings

= 1,70,000 + 1,20,000 +20,000 – 70,000

= 3,10,000- 70,000 = Rs. 2,40,000

Accounting records which are not prepared in accordance with the principles of double entry system are known as ‘Incomplete Records’. Following are the two characteristics of ‘Accounting from incomplete records’

1. Maintenance of personal accounts only – Under this system, only personal accounts are prepared in the books and the real and nominal accounts are ignored.

2. Maintenance of Cash book – A cash book is maintained under the system, which usually mixes up business as well as private transactions of the proprietor.

Following are the three parties to a bill of exchange:

(a) Drawer – He is the saler or creditor entitled to receive money from someone. He write or draws the bill and is known as drawer

(b) Drawer or Accepter – He is the purchaser or the debtor or whom the bill is drawn and who is liable to pay the mount mentioned in the bill. He accepts to pay the amount by writing the word ‘Accepted’ on the bill and then signs it.

(c) Payee – The person to whom the payment is to be mode is called payee. The drawer himself or a third party may be the payee of the bill

(i) Fixed Assets- Goodwill+Land+Plant+Function

= 20,000+ 20,000 + 32,000+ 8,000

= 80,000

(ii) Current Assets= stock in hand+Debtors

= 48,000 +36,400

= 84,000

(iii) Current Liabilities= Trade Creditors+ Bank overdraft

= 45,200 +4800

=50,000

Please note that O₂ denotes one molecule of oxygen. Hence this notation cannot be used for denoting the atoms of oxygen. 

Now 1 molecule of CO₂ contains 2 atoms of oxygen. 

Therefore 6.023 X 10²² molecules of CO₂ will contain 2 X 6.023 X 10²² atoms of oxygen = 12.046 X 10²² atoms of oxygen.

The correct option is: (b) Sr-90

The correct option is: (c) Charles-Martin Hall

Explanation:

Charles Martin Hall was an American inventor, businessman and chemist. He is best known for his invention in 1886 of an inexpensive method for producing aluminium which became the first metal to attain wide spread use since the prehistoric discovery of iron.

The correct option is; (c) Solar energy - Greenhouse effect

Explanation:

Solar energy is not responsible for greenhouse effect instead it is a source of energy for the plants and animals.

(d) Fullerene: Organic compounds containing fluorine

Explanation:

Fullerene is a pure carbon molecule composed of at least 60 atoms of carbon.

Microorganisms are essential for the production of foods such as cheese, yogurt, bread, beer, wine and other fermented foods. Fermentation is one of the methods to preserve food and alter its quality. Yeast, especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is used to leaven bread, brew beer and make wine.

Yeasts are the main fermentor and alcohol producer in the production of wine, beer and other alcohol drinks. The main yeast species used is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It ferments the sugars, coming from different sources, e.g., grapes for wine, barley for beer, to alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Micro-organisms are well known for their ability to break down a huge range of organic compounds and absorb inorganic substances. Currently, microbes are used to clean up pollution treatment in processes known as ‘bioremediation’.

Bioremediation uses micro-organisms to reduce pollution through the biological degradation of pollutants into non-toxic substances. This can involve either aerobic or anaerobic micro-organisms that often use this breakdown as an energy source.

Bioremediation technology includes phytoremediation (plants) and rhizoremediation (plant and microbe interaction). At present, the process is used to check contamination in soil, groundwater and surface water. The system does not require construction or any major modification of drains or diversion of flow.

It takes place in open drains without displacement of sewage. The process also does not require any additional land or power, making it a simple and easy system.

Continuing professional development (CPD) has always been important in nursing.

It helps nurses and midwives keep up-to-date with their training so they can deliver the best care to patients. It also lets their colleagues and managers know how they're doing and if they need any support to maintain safe and effective practice.

While CPD has always been an important part of nursing, it plays an even bigger role now revalidation is in place. In October 2015, the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) launched revalidation to replace the old PREP (post-registration education and practice) system. The basic principles are the same – both systems require all nurses to complete 35 hours of CPD – but under revalidation, 20 of these hours need to be participatory learning.

(c) Its size remains unchanged

Explanation:

When hard boiled egg after shelling is immersed in saturated brine, its size remains same. Due to coagulation of inner liquid there is no flow of solvent molecules across the membrane.