Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

a) Cornea. 

b) Yellow spot. 

c) Aqueous humour.

Correct option: b) The oval window helps in the movement of fluid inside the cochlea.

Cone cells Photopsin.

a) Cochlea : Auditory nerve.

Vestibule : Vestibular nerve.

b) Rod cells : Rhodopsin. 

Cone cells : Photopsin.

c) Glaucoma : Laser surgery. 

Cataract : Replacing the lens through surgery.

a) A thin circular membrane. 

b) Eustachian tube. 

c) Cochlea.

DEFECATION is NOT a function of the kidney.

a) malleus, others are the parts of eyes. 

b) cochlea: others are related to body balancing.

Cluster of receptors in the form of hair cells, seen inside the vestibule and semicircular canals help in balancing of the body.

The filling of the ventricles with blood occurs during diastole.

Systole and diastole are the two stages into which the cardiac cycle is divided. Systole is the stage when the contraction of ventricular muscle fibers occurs and the ventricles are emptied. Diastole is the stage of the cardiac cycle when the ventricular muscle fibers distend and the ventricles are filled with blood. 

 SEMILUNAR VALVE.

Systole is the stage of the cardiac cycle on which the ventricles contract. So the lumen of these chambers is reduced and the pressure upon the blood within them is heightened.

During diastole the opposite occurs. The muscle fibers of the ventricles relax and the lumen of these chambers enlarges helping the entrance of blood.

Arteries of the pulmonary circulation are arteries that carry venous blood and not arterial blood.

When the blood passes within the alveolar capillaries of the lungs hematosis (oxygenation) occurs and carbon dioxide is released to the exterior.

The valve that separates the right ventricle and the base of the pulmonary artery is the pulmonary valve. The pulmonary valve is important to prevent blood from the pulmonary circulation to flow back to the heart during diastole.

• Avoid falling of bright source of light directly to the eyes. Don’t look at the sun.
• Avoid reading under dim light.
• Do not watch TV or other screens continuously.
• Frequently wash our eyes.
• Include vitamin A contained items in our daily food.

a) Raju is a noble and kind hearted person because Eye donation is a noble deed, as it brings happiness into the dark life of a blind person.

b) No, Eyes can be removed within 6 hours and transplanted to the patient by surgery. 

c) Certain organs like, kidney, liver can be donated by a live donor.

a) While viewing nearby objects. 

b) Focal length increases, while viewing distant object the ciliary muscles relax ligaments stretch and the curvature of lens decreases. So the focal length decreases.

The substance that stimulates the production of red blood cells by the bone marrow is erythropoietin. Erythropoietin is a hormone secreted by the kidneys. Its secretion is increased when there is deficient tissue oxygenation (tissue hypoxia) caused either by reduced oxygen availability (as it occurs in high altitudes) or by internal diseases, as in pulmonary diseases.

Cerebrum coordinates the two images and hence get a three-dimensional view of the object.

a) Small, inverted, real.

b) 1. Three-dimensional image of the object is formed due to the activity of the brain.

2. Binocular vision becomes possible.

a) Figure 1

b) 1. While viewing nearby objects.

2. Ciliary muscles contract. 

3. Ligaments relax.

Light rays from the object → cornea → Aqueous humor/pupil → lens → vitreous humor → image on retina.

Respiratory pigments are oxygencarrying molecules present in the blood. When the oxygen concentration is high, for example, in the pulmonary alveoli, the respiratory pigments bind to the gas. In conditions of low oxygen concentration, e.g., in tissues, the respiratory pigments release the molecule.

In the human blood the respiratory pigment is hemoglobin, present within the red blood cells.

One pair  ovary found in female reproductive system.

Rhodopsin Night blindness.

Oxygen-bound hemoglobin is called oxyhemoglobin. In the lungs the oxygen concentration is higher and so there is a higher oxyhemoglobin concentration. In the peripheral tissues the situation is the reverse, the concentration of oxygen is lower and there is more free hemoglobin.

In high altitudes the air is rarefied and oxygen concentration is lower than in low altitudes. In this situation the efficiency of the respiratory system must be greater and thus the organism synthesizes more hemoglobin (and more red blood cells) trying to get more oxygen. This phenomenon is known as compensatory hyperglobulinemia.

The compensatory hyperglobulinemia is the reason why athletes that will compete in high altitudes need to arrive in the place some days before the event so there is time for their body to make more red blood cells and they will be less affected by the effects of the low atmospheric oxygen concentration (fatigue, reduced muscular strength).

Meiosis is  process germ cells produce sperms.

This is a sex linked disorder. Colourblindness is the unability of certain human beings to distinguish red colour from green colour. Hence this disease is X linked recessive gene by causing lack of one of the primary cone pigments of the retina. 

Haemoglobin F is the haemoglobin found in the mammalian fetus and haemoglobin A is the normal haemoglobin. Haemoglobin F has a higher affinity for oxygen.

The fetus needs haemoglobin capable of extracting oxygen from the mother’s circulation. Therefore the fetus uses haemoglobin F since it has a higher affinity for oxygen than the mother’s haemoglobin.

Spermatogenesis produces is Sperm.

Acrosome is present in Sperm.

Lead will inactivate the catalyst

a. Acrylic

Acrylic is the man made substitute of this fibre.

A. Discipline of collecting, analyzing, verifying and presenting information.

Discipline of collecting, analyzing, verifying and presenting information is known Journalism.

Correct option: (d) Natural convection condenser

Correct option is B) studio

Correct option: (d) Fe

Correct option: (b) Diameter of the capillary tube

Antarctic blue whale

The different refrigerant control devices are:- 

(1.) Capillary tube 

(2.) Thermostatic Expansion valve 

(3.) Automatic expansion valve 

(4.) High side float valve 

(5.) Low side float valve 

(6.) Solenoid valve

Advantages of capillary tube as compared to expansion valve:- 

(1.) It is simple in construction. 

(2.) No maintenance is required. 

(3.) Cheap and economical. 

(4.) System does not require receiver.

Disadvantages of capillary tube as compared to expansion valve:-

(1.) The refrigerant must be free from moisture and dirt otherwise it will choke the tube and stop the flow of refrigerant. 

(2.) Only can be used with small capacity units. 

(3.) It cannot be used with high fluctuating load conditions.

Heat rejected by the cycle = \(\cfrac{500}{0.8}\) = 625 kJ/min. 

Assuming isentropic compression of refrigerant, we have 

Entropy of dry saturated vapour at 2 bar = Entropy of superheated vapour at 12 bar

0.7035 = 0.6799 + c_p ln \(\cfrac{T}{(49.31+273)}\) = 0.6799 + 0.7 × ln \(\left(\cfrac{T}{322.31}\right)\)

ln \(\left(\cfrac{T}{322.31}\right)\) = \(\cfrac{0.7035-0.6799}{0.7}\) = 0.03371

T = 322.31 (e)^0.03371 = 333.4 K 

∴ Enthalpy of superheated vapour at 12 bar  = 206.24 + 0.7(333.4 – 322.31) = 214 kJ/kg 

Heat rejected per cycle = 214 – 84.21 = 129.88 kJ/kg

Mass flow rate of refrigerant = \(\cfrac{625}{129.88}\) = 4.812 kg/min

Work done on compressor = 4.812 (214 – 182.07) 

= 153.65 kJ/min = 2.56 kW

Actual work of compresson = \(\cfrac{2.56}{η_{compressor}}\) = \(\cfrac{2.56}{0.8}\) = 3.2 kW

Hence power input to the heat pump compressor = 3.2 kW.

(d) 2.5 kW

bp = ip – 0.05ip – 0.07ip 

= ip – 0.12ip = 0.88ip

\(\therefore\) ip = \(\cfrac{bp}{0.88}\) = \(\cfrac{44}{0.88}\) = 50 kW

\(\therefore\) Pumping work = 50 × 0.05 = 2.5 KW

Fan-coil units are the assembly of coils for Cooling and de-humidifying, either for chilled water or direct expansion of refrigerant along with a fan for circulation of conditioned air to the room.

Refrigeration and air conditioning systems have a great importance in domestic as well as in commercial purposes because there is all vehicles, residences, auditoriums, cinema halls, dairy farming, preservation of food, military weapons, hospitals instruments, printing & stationary, IT sector, ice plants, cold storages, ice cream plants all are required with the refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

Media Writing involves write-ups about the different ‘media’ that have been seen or read. This could include TV programmes, films at the cinema or on DVD, websites that have been visited, magazines, books, etc.

A.H.U. is used in an all air air-conditioning system.

The air-circulated in the room must be adequate to take the load from the airconditioned room. The outlet condition of the air is fixed as per the comfort requirements in the room. The condition of the air (DBT) entering the room must be such that it must be able to take the load in the room. The lower the supply air temperature less the quantity of air required to be circulated.

(a) Curved 

In psychrometric chart, relative humidity (RH) lines are curved having positive slope from zero to infinite.