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This section includes 7 InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Current Affairs knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
The α (alpha) rhythm of the electroencephalogram A. Disappears when the eyes are closed. B. Is an electrical potential with an amplitude around one millivolt. C. Has a frequency of 8–12 Hz. D. Has a lower frequency than the δ (delta) rhythm. E. Indicates that the subject is awake. |
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Answer» A. False It is best seen when the subject’s eyes are closed. B. False It is much smaller, at around 50 microvolts. C. True It is described in terms of frequency and amplitude. D. False The upper limit of the delta rhythm is 3.5 Hz. E. True It disappears with the onset of sleep |
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| 2. |
The primary sensory ending of a muscle spindle is stimulated by A. Shortening of an antagonist muscle. B. Relaxation of the muscle concerned when under load. C. Shortening of the extrafusal fibres. D. Stimulation of the gamma efferent fibres. E. Striking the appropriate tendon with a tendon hammer. |
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Answer» A. True This stretches the agonist and its spindles. B. True This also stretches the spindles. C. False This reduces the stretch of the spindle. D. True Muscle contraction at each end of the spindle stretches the nuclear bag. E. True The knee jerk is initiated by striking the patellar tendon which stretches spindles in the quadriceps muscle. |
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| 3. |
In the cerebral cortex A. Neuronal connections are innate and immutable. B. Language and non-language skills are represented in different hemispheres. C. The areas concerned with emotional behaviour are concentrated in the frontal lobes. D. The cortical area devoted to sensation in the hand is larger than that for the trunk. E. Stimulation of the motor cortex causes contractions of individual muscles on the opposite side of the body. |
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Answer» A. False The connections of brain neurones can be changed fairly rapidly to reflect new patterns of activity and sensory experience; this is referred to as neuronal plasticity. B. True The left hemisphere is dominant for speech in most people and the right is dominant for skills requiring appreciation of time and space relationships. C. False They are found mainly in the limbic cortex. D. True The cortical area given to a particular skin area is related to the richness of its sensory innervation, not its anatomic size. E. False Stimulation causes integrated movements not individual muscle contractions. |
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| 4. |
The Fick principle enables A. Blood flow through an organ to be calculated if organ uptake (U), arterial concentration (A) and venous concentration (V) are known for a given substance. B. Cardiac output to be calculated by injecting an indicator into the pulmonary artery and monitoring its concentration downstream in a systemic artery. C. Renal plasma flow to be calculated using PAH as the substance measured. D. Cardiac output to be estimated using the lungs as the organ and carbon dioxide as the substance measured. E. Cerebral blood flow to be measured using nitrous oxide as the substance taken up by the brain. |
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Answer» A. True From the principle, U = F (AV), so F = U/(AV). B. False This method is related to the indicator dilution rather than the Fick principle. C. True Uptake = urine volume x urine concentration, V = zero; the formula is then the same as for PAH clearance. D. True Either oxygen or carbon dioxide can be the substance measured. E. True The Kety method to measure cerebral blood flow uses the Fick principle. |
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| 5. |
In the hemiplegia following a right-sided cerebrovascular accident (stroke) A. Left-sided muscle weakness is evident. B. Muscles in the left side of the body are unable to contract. C. Muscles which act on both sides of the body, such as respiratory muscles, tend to be spared. D. Skilled movements are better preserved than unskilled movements. E. Speech movements are better preserved than swallowing movements. |
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Answer» A. True Voluntary movements such as making a handgrip are abnormally weak. B. False Voluntary control is lost but the muscles can contract in reflex, synergistic and other involuntary movements. C. True Perhaps because they have bilateral cortical representation. D. False The most affected movements are those requiring high levels of cortical control. E. False The vocal cord movements required for speech are more highly skilled than those required for swallowing |
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| 6. |
She began to feel nervous when the train pulled up at the ________ between Austria and Yugoslavia. A) limit B) edge C) bar D) border E) division |
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Answer» Correct option is D) border |
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| 7. |
Mitochondria A. Have membranes similar to the cell membrane. B. Are the chief site for protein synthesis. C. Are the chief sites for generation of ATP. D. Are more numerous in brown than in white fat cells. E. Are absent near the membranes of actively secreting cells. |
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Answer» A. True Both membranes have the same lipid bilayer structure. B. False This applies to the ribosomes. C. True ATP is formed by oxidative phosphorylation. D. True Brown fat cells can generate energy, and hence heat, more rapidly. E. False They are concentrated where most energy is required. |
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| 8. |
During the Valsalva manoeuvre (forced expiration with glottis closed) A. Pressure rises in the urinary bladder. B. The initial rise in arterial pressure coincides with a fall in the rate of venous return. C. Cardiac output rises. D. Heart rate slows. E. Peripheral resistance rises. |
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Answer» A. True Due to the rise in intra-abdominal pressure. B. True Both result from the sudden initial rise in intrathoracic pressure. C. False It falls due to the reduced venous return. D. False It rises to compensate for a falling arterial pressure. E. True Another reflex compensatory mechanism to restore arterial pressure. |
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| 9. |
The champagne cork finally came out with a loud ______. A) squeak B) pop C) pips D) jingle |
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Answer» Correct option is B) pop |
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| 10. |
There was no sound except the quiet ______ of the airconditioning. A) hum B) peal C) crack D) tick |
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Answer» Correct option is A) hum |
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| 11. |
Headache can be produced by A. Dilatation of intracranial blood vessels.B. Constriction of extracranial blood vessels. C. Meningeal irritation. D. Blood in the cerebrospinal fluid. E. Loss of cerebrospinal fluid following lumbar puncture. |
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Answer» A. True Probably due to pain receptors in vessel walls stimulated by stretch. B. False Dilatation of these extracranial vessels occurs in patients with throbbing migraine-type headaches that are relieved by certain vasoconstrictor agents. C. True This causes the severe pain and neck stiffness in early meningitis. D. True Surprisingly, blood also irritates the meninges to cause headache and neck stiffness. E. True The brain tends to sag in the cranium and pull on pain receptors in the meninges. |
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| 12. |
If you want to telephone him you will have to ________ the number in the book. A) look at B) look to C) look through D) look up E) look afterA) look at B) look to C) look through D) look up E) look after |
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Answer» Correct option is D) look up |
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| 13. |
For each paragraph on an aspect of pain A–E, select the most appropriate option from the following list. 1. Chemical mediators at site of pain. 2. Medium sized myelinated pain afferents. 3. Small unmyelinated pain afferents. 4. Gating of the pain pathway in the spinal 5. Thalamus. 4. cord.6. Endorphins and enkephalins. 7. Impulse spread to medullary reflex centre. 8. Impulse spread to vagal nuclei. A. A pin prick to the foot gives rise to a sudden sharp sensation of pain and withdrawal of the affected limb. B. A relatively crude non-specific sensation of pain is believed to be generated from the site of synapse of fibres in the spino-thalamic tracts. C. Severe pain is usually treated with drugs which act on brain neuronal receptors for endogenous neurotransmitters believed to be released during severe exercise, especially when associated with mortal danger. D. Patients who suffer the severe crushing pain of a myocardial infarction (heart attack) often vomit. E. The pain of muscle and joint damage associated with a sports injury is often treated with drugs which inhibit the formation of prostaglandins. |
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Answer» A. Option 2 Medium sized myelinated pain afferents. These are the A fibres which conduct rapidly to give the initial sharp sensation of pain; they also initiate the rapid spinal withdrawal reflex in response to pain. B. Option 5 Thalamus. This is where the spino-thalamic tracts terminate and synapse. The general unpleasant sensation of pain is generated here, with cortical areas indicating the site of the pain. C. Option 6 Endorphins and enkephalins. These are the endogenous neurotransmitters on whose receptors the powerful opiate analgesics act to relieve severe pain. Their release during exercise may contribute to the mood-elevating effects of exercise. They may also account for temporary absence of severe pain as a result of injury on the battlefield. D. Option 7 Impulse spread to medullary reflex centre. The vomiting centre is in the medullar oblongata and can be activated by severe pain from a variety of causes (reflex vomiting). E. Option 1 Chemical mediators at site of pain. Prostaglandins are believed to be important mediators of persistent pain at a site of injury, particularly involving muscles and joints. Drugs which inhibit prostaglandin formation (NSAIDs: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) are often effective in this type of pain. |
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| 14. |
I tried to telephone him last night but his number ________. A) was occupied B) was employed C) was engaged D) was taken E) was used |
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Answer» Correct option is C) was engaged |
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| 15. |
I don’t like these oranges, they have too many ________. A) stones B) nuts C) seeds D) pips E) buds |
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Answer» Correct option is D) pips |
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| 16. |
Non-myelinated axons differ from myelinated axons in that they are A. Not sheathed in Schwann cells. B. Not capable of regeneration after section. C. Found only in the autonomic nervous system. D. Less excitable. E. Refractory for a longer period after excitation. |
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Answer» A. False Both types have Schwann cell sheaths. B. False Following section, the central end of the axon buds and grows down the Schwann cell sheath until it reaches its target organ. C. False Some sensory fibres serving pain and temperature are unmyelinated C fibres. D. True Myelinated fibres have a lower threshold for stimulation. E. True 2 ms compared with 0.5 ms in well myelinated nerves; myelinated fibres can transmit impulses at higher frequencies than unmyelinated nerves. |
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| 17. |
For each physiological description A–E, select the most appropriate option from the following list of axons. 1. Small unmyelinated axons. 2. Large myelinated axons. 3. Small myelinated axons. 4. Large unmyelinated axons. 5. Motor axons. 6. Sensory axons. 7. Autonomic axons. 8. Somatic axons. A. Axons which are concerned with reflex responses affecting cardiac function. B. Axons which transmit motor impulses in the knee jerk reflex. C. Axons which transmit sensory impulses in the knee jerk reflex. D. Axons which transmit impulses around the lower end of the velocity range, around one metre per second. E. Axons which transmit impulses by saltatory conduction at around the upper end of the velocity range, around 50 metres per second. |
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Answer» A. Option 7 Autonomic axons. Cardiac function is modified by sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic motor nerves. These responses are informed by autonomic sensory fibres, e.g. from baroreceptors. Though in general these are small unmyelinated axons, some of the preganglionic motor fibres are myelinated and a little larger. B. Option 2 Large myelinated axons. The somatic tendon jerks involve very rapid responses, for which large myelinated axons (around 15 microns diameter) are required. C. Option 2 Large myelinated axons. It is logical to have impulses carried at similar high speeds in both sensory and motor halves of the reflex arc. D. Option 1 Small unmyelinated axons. Such axons (around 1 micron diameter) carry impulses where speed of response is low, as with slow pain and many autonomic responses. E. Option 2 Large myelinated axons. The reason for the high speed is that saltatory conduction jumps the relatively long internodal distance in these axons at the speed of an electric current. |
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| 18. |
The blood–brain barrier A. Slows equilibration of solutes between blood and brain tissue fluids. B. Is a more effective barrier for fat-soluble substances than water-soluble substances. C. Is a more effective barrier in infants than in adults. D. Is a more effective barrier for CO2 than for O2. D. Permits hydrogen ions to pass freely. |
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Answer» A. True Capillary permeability is lower in the brain than in other tissues. B. False Fat-soluble substances cross readily due to the lipid in cell membranes. C. False The reverse is true; bilirubin, which cannot pass in the adult, does so in infants. D. False Both CO2 and O2 cross the blood–brain barrier easily. E. False This protects brain tissues against sudden changes in the pH of blood. |
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| 19. |
Depressed brain function causes A. Disorders of function which are independent of the cause of the depression. B. Loss of unskilled movements before loss of skilled movements. C. Restlessness and delirium before stupor and coma. D. A progressive fall in the amplitude of waves in the EEG. E. Depression of ventilation before loss of consciousness. |
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Answer» A. True Alcohol, lack of oxygen, low blood sugar and hypothermia all impair cellular function in the brain and lead to a recognizable syndrome of neurological effects. B. False Higher critical functions depending on cortical cells are first to go, e.g. driving ability. C. True Coma implies that cellular depression has reached the less sensitive cells in the brainstem mediating consciousness. D. False Amplitude increases initially to give delta waves in light coma before falling later. E. False This brainstem function is preserved until the later stages of deep coma. |
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| 20. |
Mention the essential of LH surge during menstrual cycle. |
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Answer» LH surge is essential for the events leading to ovulation. |
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| 21. |
How much time is fixed for this game and how much extra time is given in case of a draw? |
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Answer» The time allowed in the game of hockey is 35-5-35. Golden Goal Rule: If both the teams remain equal during the allotted time the extra time given is 7 12, 7 12 minutes . As soon as the goal is scored during this time the game ends. The team scoring the goal is declared the winner. Even then if a goal is not scored both the teams are given 5, 5, penalty |
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| 22. |
Tell the length and breadth of hockey ground? |
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Answer» The length of a hockey ground is 100 yards 91.25 m and its breadth is 60.55m yards. |
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| 23. |
Tell the distance of the penalty stroke? |
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Answer» Penalty stroke is hit from a distance of 8 yards from the goal post. |
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| 24. |
Tell the weight and diameter of a hockey ball? |
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Answer» The weight of a hockey ball is 5 12 ounce and its diameter is 9 12 inches. |
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| 25. |
What does ‘competent’ refer to in competent cells used in transformation? |
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Answer» Competent means bacterial cells, on treatment with CaCl2, are made capable of taking up foreign DNA |
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| 26. |
Is there stick in the game of hockey? |
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Answer» Now a days there is no stick in the game of hockey. Even if the hockey is raised above the shoulder it is not treated as a foul provided the hit is not dangerous. |
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| 27. |
What is the striking diameter for the game of hockey? |
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Answer» In front of each goal-post there is a white line which is 4 yards, 3.66 m long and 3 inches wide. It is drawn parallel to the goal post at a distance of 16 yards. It goes to the diameter of the breadth of the 3 inch line. Its centre will be the goal post. The striking diameter is the outer corners of the 16 yard line and the centre of the goal line including the lines. |
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| 28. |
Tell about the number of people involved in the administration of a hockey game? |
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Answer» Following administrators help to organise a hockey match:
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| 29. |
Why do we refer to offspring formed by asexual method of reproductionas clones? |
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Answer» Offspring formed by asexual reproduction are called clones because they |
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| 30. |
Name the parts of the gynoecium which develop into fruit and seeds. |
| Answer» Ovary develops into fruit; ovules develop into seeds. | |
| 31. |
Given below are the stages in human reproduction. Write them in correct sequential order.Insemination, Gametogenesis, Fertilisation, Parturition, Gestation, Implantation |
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Answer» Gametogenesis, Insemination, Fertilisation, Implantation, Gestation, Parturition. |
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| 32. |
The auxins which can’t diffuse are called (1) Unbound/free (2) Bound (3) Dependent (4) None of these |
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Answer» The auxins which can’t diffuse are called Bound. |
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| 33. |
Name the common function that cotyledons and nucellus perform. |
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Answer» cotyledons and nucellus perform Nourishment. |
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| 34. |
Testing of biologically active substances on living beings is called (1) Biological testing (2) Utility testing (3) Bio-assay (4) Active assay |
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Answer» (3) Bio-assay |
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| 35. |
How the polar transport of auxins occurs ? (1) From tip towards base (2) From base towards tip (3) From centre towards lateral side (4) From lateral side towards centre |
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Answer» (1) From tip towards base |
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| 36. |
Parthenocarpy is the production of(1) Fruits with pollination (2) Fruits with out fertilization (3) Seeds with fertilization (4) Only seeds and no fruits |
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Answer» (2) Fruits with out fertilization |
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| 37. |
Parthenocarpy can be induced by(1) IAA (2) NAA (3) IBA (4) All the above |
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Answer» Parthenocarpy can be induced by NAA. |
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| 38. |
Parthenocarpy can be achieved by(1) Zeatin (2) ABA (3) Auxins (4) Kinetin |
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Answer» Parthenocarpy can be achieved by Auxins. |
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| 39. |
Match List-I with LIst-II and select the correct using answer using the codes given below the lists-List - I (Bones)List - II (Name)A) Breast bone1) ClavicleB) Collar bone2) PatellaC) Knee cap3) ScapulaD) Shoulder4) sternum 1. A2. B3. C4. D |
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Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : A
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| 40. |
The cytoplasm in a plant cell is surrounded by both cell wall and cell membrane. The specificity of transport of substances are mostly across the cell membrane. Give reason. |
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Answer» The cell wall is freely permeable to water and substances in solutions but membrane is selectively permeable. |
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| 41. |
Before eating Grapes, it is advised to wash them well by keeping them in water for some time to wash o the pesticides on them. However, it is more advisable to keep the Grapes in saltwater than in fresh water to make them safer for consumption. Suggest an explanation for this. |
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Answer» The grapes put in saltwater are safer for consumption because poisonous chemicals present in grapes are come out by the process of exosmosis. |
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| 42. |
Protein synthesis from different types of RNA is called- (a) Translocation (b) Transcription (c) Tranformation (d) Translation |
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Answer» Protein synthesis from different types of RNA is called Translation |
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| 43. |
Bacteriophages kill- (a) Fungi (b) Parasites (c) Bacteria (d) Viruses |
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Answer» Bacteria is Bacteriophages kill. |
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| 44. |
Full form of B.O.D. is- (a) Biological oxygen deficit (b) Biological oxygen demand (c) Biochemical oxygen deficit (d) Biological oxygen derivative |
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Answer» Full form of B.O.D. is Biological oxygen demand |
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| 45. |
A metal wire has a resistance of `35Omega`. If its length is increased to double by drawing it, then its new resistance will beA. `70 Omega`B. `140 Omega`C. `105 Omega`D. `35 Omega` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Given, `R_(1)= 35 Omega, I_(2)=2I_(1)` On increasing the length, `therefore m_(1)=m_(2)` rhoA_(1)I_(1)=rhoA_(2)I_(2)` `pir_(1)^(2)I_(1) = pir_(2)^(2)I_(2)` `r_(1)^(2)=I_(2)/I_(1)` `r_(1)^(2)/r_(2)^(2)=(2I_(1))/I_(1)` `r_(1)^(2)/r_(2)^(2)=2` `R_(1)/R_(2) = ((rho.I_(1))/(pir_(1)^(2)))/(rho.(I_(2))/(pir_(2)^(2)))=I_(1)/I_(2).r_(2)^(2)/r_(1)^(2)=I_(1)/(2I_(1)).(1/2)` `R_(1)/R_(2)=1/4` `R_(2)=4R_(1)= 4 xx 35=140Omega`` |
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| 46. |
Current senstivity of moving coil galvanometer is `5 "div"//mA` and its voltage senstivity (angular deflection per unit voltage applied) is `20 "div"//V`. The resistance of the galvanometer isA. `250 Omega`B. `25 Omega`C. `40 Omega`D. `500 Omega` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Current sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer is the deflection `(theta)` per unit current (I) flowing through it, i.e. `I_(S) = theta/I = (NAB)/k` ……….(i) Where, N= numberof turns in the coil, A=Area of each turn of coil, B = magnetic field k= restoring torque per unit twist of the fibre stirp. Similarly, voltage sensitivity is the deflection per unit voltage. i.e., `V_(s) = theta/V = (NAB)/(k)(I/V) = (NAB)/(kR_(G)`............(ii) where, `R_(G)` is the resistance of the galvanometer. From eq(s) (i) and (ii), we get `R_(a) = I_(S)/V_(S)` ...............(ii) Here, `I_(s) = 5"div"/mA = 5 xx 10^(-3)"div"/A` and `V_(B)`=20 "div"/V Substituting the given values in Eq. (iii), we get `R_(a) = (5 xx 10(3))/20 = 250` `therefore` The resistance of the galvanometer is `250 Omega` |
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| 47. |
Which one of the following modifications may increase the senstivity of moving coil galvanometer? `1^(st)` Way : By using spring of smaller torsion constant. `2^(nd)` Way : By using a smaller coil `3^(rd)` Way : By using a stronger magnet `4^(th)` Way: By using a coil having fewer number of turns.A. `1^(st)` and `4^(th)` ways onlyB. `1^(st)` and `3^(rd)` ways onlyC. `1^(st)` and `3^(rd)` waysD. `2^(nd)` and `4^(th)` only |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Sensitivity `=(BNA)/(K)`, by increasing B (stronger magnet) and decreasing torison constant, k (weaker springs) |
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| 48. |
What is Reh in terms of land use pattern in India?1. The total land area on which crops are grown in a region.2. It is the land in which crops were raised for some period of time but has not been cultivated for the last five years due to certain deficiencies such as alkalinity and salinity in the soils.3. lands left unused to regain their lost fertility in a natural way.4. None of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : It is the land in which crops were raised for some period of time but has not been cultivated for the last five years due to certain deficiencies such as alkalinity and salinity in the soils. The correct answer is Option 2.
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| 49. |
A particle moves in a circular path with decreasing speed . Choose the correct statement.A. Angular momentum remains constantB. Acceleration `(bara)` is towards the centreC. Particle moves in a spiral path with decreasing radiusD. The direction of angular momentum remains constant |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Magnitude of angular momentum will decrease as L=mvr and v is decreasing `Rightarrow`direction of acceleration will not be towards centre due tangential retardation. |
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| 50. |
A potentiometer wire carries a steady current. The potential difference across \( 70 cm \) length of it balances the potential difference across a \( 2 \Omega \) coil connected to a cell of emf \( 2.0 V \) and an unknown internal resistance \( r \). When a \( 1 \Omega \) coil is placed in parallel with the \( 2 \Omega \) coil, a length equal to \( 50 cm \) of the potentiometer wire is required to balance the potential difference across the parallel combination. What is the value of the internal resistance (r) of the cell? a) \( 0.5 \Omega \) b) \( 0.7 \Omega \) c) \( 0.3 \Omega \) d) \( 2 \Omega \) |
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Answer» Given l1 = 70 cm l2 = 50 cm E = 2 r = ? For balancing length l1 = \((\frac{E}{R+r})\frac{R_p}{L}\times l_1\) \((\frac2{2+r})\frac{R_p}{L}\times70\).......(i) For balancing length l2 \((\frac{E}{R+r})\frac{R_p}{L}\times l_1\) \(\left(\cfrac{2}{\frac23+r}\right)\frac{R_p}{L}\times50\).......(ii) Comparing equation (i) and (ii) \((\frac2{2+r})\frac{R_p}L\times70=\left(\cfrac{2}{\frac23+r}\right)\frac{R_p}L\times50\) \(\frac{140}{2+r}=\cfrac{100}{\frac{(2+3i)}{3}}\) \(\frac{140}{2+r}=\frac{300}{2+3r}\) 280 + 420 r = 600 + 300r 120r = 600 -280 120 r = 320 r = \(\frac{320}{120}\) r = 2.6 Ω (d) |
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