Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

This section includes 7 InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Current Affairs knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

I think I will ______ about this bad service. A) complain B) think C) consider D) explain

Answer»

Correct option is A) complain

2.

Good health is ______ than money. A) more important B) very important C) as important as D) the most important

Answer»

Correct option is A) more important

3.

Who is ______ footballer in Turkey? A) very good B) a better C) the best D) best

Answer»

Correct option is C) the best

4.

Describe the role played by protein pumps during active transport in plants.

Answer»

Active transport uses energy to pump molecules against a concentration gradient. 

Active transport is carried out by membrane – proteins.

5.

Name the source of cyclosporin A. How does this bioactive molecule function in our body?

Answer»
  • Trichoderma polysporum is the source of cyclosporin A.
6.

Explain the structure of a mature female gametophyte in flowering plants.

Answer»
  • Egg apparatus at the microphylar end, three antipodals at the cralazal end and a central cell. 
  • Egg apparatus consists of one egg cell and two synergids which have allular thickenings called filiform apparatus at the microplayer tip. 
  • Central cell with two polar nuclei.
7.

How is recombinant DNA technology helping in detecting the presence of mutant genes in cancer patients?

Answer»
  • A single-stranded DNA or RNA is tagged with a radioactive molecule and used as a probe.
  • It is allowed to hybridize with its complementary DNA in a clone of cells,followed by detection using autoradiography.
  • The clone having the mutant gene will not appear on the photographic film, because the probe will not be complementary with the mutated gene.
8.

(a) Diffusion and Osmosis(b) Transpiration and Evaporation(c) Osmotic Pressure and Osmotic Potential(d) Imbibition and Diffusion(e) Apoplast and Symplast pathways of movement of water in plants.(f) Guttation and Transpiration.

Answer»

(a) Diffusion and osmosis

Diffusion

Osmosis

1.

Diffusion is the passive

1.

Osmosis is the process in which

movement of particles, ions, and molecules along the concentration gradient.

the diffusion of a solvent (water) occurs across a semi-permeable membrane.

2.

It can occur in solids, liquids, and gases.

2.

It occurs in the liquid medium.

3.

It does not require a semipermeable membrane.

3.

It requires a semi-permeable membrane.

(b) Transpiration and evaporation

Transpiration

Evaporation

1.

It occurs in plants.

1.

It occurs from any free surface and involves living and non-living surfaces.

2.

It is a physiological process.

2.

It is a physical process.

3.

It occurs mainly through the stomatal pores on plant leaves.

3.

It is occurs through any free surface.

4.

It is controlled by environmental factors as well as physiological factors of plants such as root-shoot ratio and number of stomata.

4.

It is entirely driven by environmental factors.

(c) Osmotic pressure and osmotic potential

Osmotic pressure

Osmotic potential

1.

It is expressed in bars with a positive sign.

1.

It is expressed in bars with a negative sign.

2.

It is a positive pressure.

2.

It is a negative pressure.

3.

Its value increases with an increase in the concentration of solute particles.

3.

Its value decreases with an increase in the concentration of solute particles.

(d) Imbibition and diffusion

Imbibition

Diffusion

1.

Imbibition is a special type of diffusion. In this process, water is absorbed by solids and colloids, causing an enormous increase in volume.

1.

Diffusion is the passive movement of particles, ions, and molecules along the concentration gradient.

2.

It usually involves water.

2.

It involves solids, liquids, and gases.

(e) Apoplast and symplast pathways of movement of water in plants

Apoplast pathway

Symplast pathway

1.

The apoplast pathway involves the movement of water through the adjacent cell walls of the epidermis and cortex. The movement of water is restricted at the casparian strips of the root endodermis.

1.

The symplast pathway involves the movement of water through the interconnected protoplasts of the epidermis, cortex, endodermis, and root pericycle.

2.

It is a faster process of water movement and water moves through mass flow.

2.

It is a slower process of water movement.

9.

What are the factors affecting the rate of diffusion?

Answer»

Factors affecting the rate of diffusion: 

  • Gradient of Concentration 
  • Permeability of membrane 
  • Temperature 
  • Pressure
10.

(a) unidirectional(b) bidirectional(c) multi directional(d) no specific direction

Answer» (a) unidirectional
11.

(a) Decrease in energy at higher trophic levels(b) Dufficient food supply(c) Polluted air(d) Water

Answer» (a) Decrease in energy at higher trophic levels
12.

(i) damage to immune system(ii) damage to lungs(iii) skin cancer(iv) peptic ulcers(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iv)(c) (i) and (iii) (d) (iii) and (iv)

Answer» (c) (i) and (iii)
13.

Which among the following is not a prokaryoteA. NostocB. MycobacteriumC. SaccharomycesD. Oscillatoria

Answer» Correct Answer - C
Among the given options, Saccharomyces is a fungus, i.e. it is a eukaryote. They possess a well defined nucleus and other cell organelles. Nostoc and Oscillatioria are cyanobacteria while Mycobacterium is a true bacterium. Cyanobacteria and bacteria both are prokaryotes as they lack a well-defined nucleus and other cell organelles.
14.

(i) Wood, paper, leather(ii) Polythene, detergent, PVC(iii) Plastic, detergent, grass(iv) Plastic, bakelite, DDT(a) (iii) (b) (iv)(c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)

Answer» (d) (ii) and (iv)
15.

The Golgi complex participates inA. respiration in bacteriaB. formation of secretory vesicleC. fatty acid breakdownD. activation of amino acid

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Golgi complex participates in the formation of secretory vesicles. It is a cytoplasmic structure found in eukaryotic cells. It is made up of four parts, cistemae, tubules, vesicles and vacuoles. The forming face or cisternae receives vesicles from endoplasmic reticulum. Their contents pass through various cisternae with the help of coated vesicles and intercisternal connectives. They ultimately reach the maturing face where they are budded off as, coated secretory or Golgian vesicles or vacuoles.
In bacteria, respiration occurs with the help of mesosomes. The breakdown of fatty acid occurs in peroxisomes and mitochondria. Activation of amino acid is an important step of protein synthesis and it occurs in cytoplasm. In this process, amino acids get attached to tRNA molecules.
16.

Secondary xylem and phloem in dicot stem are produced byA. phellogenB. vascular cambiumC. apical meristemsD. axillary merstems

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Secondary vascular tissues, i.e, secondary xylem and pholem are formed by the vascular cambium. It is produced by two types of meristems, fascicular or intrafascicular and interfescicular cambium. Intrafascicuiar cambium is a primary meristem which occurs as strips in vascular bundles.
It divides to form secondary phloem on outer side and secondary xylem on the inner side. Interfascicular cambium arises secondarily from the cells of medullaxy rays.
Phellogen or cork cambium is produced in the outer cortical cells of dicob stems, It is helpful in increasing the girth. Apical maristems are present at the tips of stem, root and their branches. They are responsible for increase in length of the plant. Axillary menistem is found in axillary buds. These cells are left behind from shoot apical mexistem during the formation of leaves and elongation of stems.
17.

Which of the following is not a product of light reaction of phtosynthesisA. NADPHB. NADHC. ATPD. Oxygen

Answer» Correct Answer - B
During light reaction of photosynthesis NADPH, ATP and oxygen are formed. Oxygen is liberated by the photolysis of water.
`4H_(2)OhArr4H^(+)+4OH^(-)`
`4OH^(-)underset(Mn^(2+),Ca^(2+),Cl^(-))overset("Oxygen-Evolving complex")to2H_(2)O+O_(2)uarr+4e^(-)`
The electrons released during photolysis of water are picked up by `P_(680)` photocentre of PS-II. On receiving light energy photocentre expels an electron which passes over a series of carriers. As a result assimilatory power. i.e. ATP and NADPH is produced. NADH is formed during respiration.
18.

The principle involved in paper chromatography isA. adsorptionB. partitionC. solubilityD. volatility

Answer» Correct Answer - B
Paper chromatography is based upon the principle of partition.
19.

The substance which can be used as an adsorbent in column chromatography isA. `Na_(2)O`B. NaClC. `Al_(2)O_(3)`D. Alum

Answer» Correct Answer - B
NaCl is the substance which canbe used as an adsorbent in column chromatography.
20.

Arrange `K,Ca` and `Li` in order of increasing electrode potential.

Answer» Correct Answer - `LigtKgtCa`
21.

C60, an allotrope of carbon contains : (1) 16 hexagons and 16 pentagons. (2) 12 hexagons and 20 pentagons. (3) 18 hexagons and 14 pentagons. (4) 20 hexagons and 12 pentagons.

Answer»

Correct option (4) 20 hexagons and 12 pentagons.

Explanation:

C60 contains 

20 hexagons and 12 pentagons

22.

C60 is aromatic allotrope of carbon containing(1) 18 Pentagons, 14 hexagons(2) 16 Pentagons, 16 hexagons(3) 12 Pentagons, 20 hexagons(4) 20 Pentagons, 12 hexagons

Answer»

Correct option: (3) 12 Pentagons, 20 hexagons

Explanation:

C60 Contains 12 Pentagons, 20 hexagons

23.

`underset(("Monosubsitituted benzene"))(P)overset(Na(Hg))underset(+conc. H_(2)SO_(4))rarr Q overset(NaNO_(2))underset(+HCl.0^(@).5^(@)C)rarr R overset(KCN)underset(CuCN)rarr S overset(SnCl_(2))underset(HCl)rarr T` Correct statement are :A. B. C. D. P is treated with `Zn+NH_(4)Cl`,

Answer» Correct Answer - A::B::D
24.

Which of the following substance is/are identified due to their unique charcteristic smellA. `PH_(3)`B. `O_(3)`C. `NH_(3)`D. `H_(2)S`

Answer» Correct Answer - A::B::C::D
25.

Which of the properties are INCORRECT regarding `NaHCO_(3)` and `KHCO_(3)`A. Both are fairly soluble in waterB. Both have similar structure of `HCO_(3)^(-)` ion in their solidC. Both solid consists of ion-dipole type of interactionD. Both on heating produces respective carbonate as residue

Answer» Correct Answer - A::B
26.

Incorrect statements is/are exothermic in natureA. Adsorption is always exothermic in natureB. `CaCl_(2)"cause more coagulation of gold sol than" AlCl_(3)`C. Surface tension of associated colloids increase with increase in concentrationD. With increase in concentration, molar conductance of strong electrolyte decrease repidly than associated colloids

Answer» Correct Answer - B::C::D
27.

Which among `Na,Mg,Ba` and `Ca` is the poor reducing agent?

Answer» Correct Answer - `Mg`
28.

The strongest reducing agent is . (a) K (b) Ba (c) Li (d) Na

Answer»

The strongest reducing agent is Li.

29.

SO2 can act as (a) Oxidising agent only (b) Reducing agent only (c) Both oxidising and reducing agents (d) Acid and a reducing agent only

Answer»

(c) Both oxidising and reducing agents

30.

Brief explanation on Trigonometrical Ratios.

Answer»

Trigonometric Ratios are defined as the values of all the trigonometric functions based on the value of the ratio of sides in a right-angled triangle. The ratios of sides of a right-angled triangle with respect to any of its acute angles are known as the trigonometric ratios of that particular angle.

The three sides of the right triangle are:

  • Hypotenuse (the longest side)
  • Perpendicular (opposite side to the angle)
  • Base (Adjacent side to the angle)
31.

What would be the `SI` unit for the quantity `pV^(2)T^(2)//n`?

Answer» `SI` units`=(Paxx(m^(3))^(2) K^(2))/(mol)=Pa m^(6) K^(2) mol^(-1)`
32.

Why are sulphide ores converted to oxide before reduction?A. Sulphides cannot be reduced easily while oxides can be reduced easily.B. Sulphides decompose on reduction hence they are first converted to oxidesC. Sulphides ore have higher melting points than oxides.D. Oxides are more stable than sulphides hence easy to reduce.

Answer» Correct Answer - A
Thermodynamically based on Ellingham diagram it is observed that sulphides cannot be reduced easily as compared to oxides.
33.

For the reduction of FeO with C at the temperature corresponding to (D) , which of the following statements is correct ?A. carbon reduces FeO below the temperature at point (D)B. `DeltaG^(@)` value for overall reduction with CO is zero.C. `DeltaG^(@)` value for the reaction at point (D) is positive .D. Below point (D) , for the metal exists in molten state.

Answer» Correct Answer - B
`DeltaG_("reactant")^(@)= DeltaG_("product")^(@)` at the point of intersection , so `DeltaG^(@)` become zero for the overall reaction.
34.

At the points of intersection of `Al_(2)O_(3)` and MgO curves (A), `DeltaG^(@)` becomes zero for reaction, `(2)/(3)Al_(2)O_(3) + 2Mg to 2MgO + 4/3 Al` Above this point, magnesium can reduce alumina. Although thermodynamically feasible, Mg is not used to reduction of `Al_(2)O_(3)` becauseA. temperature required is very highB. the yield of metal is very lowC. value of `DeltaG` becomes positiveD. magnesium is not used as reducing agent for any reaction.

Answer» Correct Answer - A
Temperature above the point of intersection of `Al_(2)O_(3)` and MgO to reduce `Al_(2)O_(3)` but the temperature required would be so high that the process is difficult to carry out.
35.

Write de Broglies equation.

Answer»

λ = h/mv

or h/mc

36.

What is limiting reagent.

Answer»

The reactant which gets consumed limits the amount of product formed is called limiting reagent.

37.

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A: LiF is sparingly soluble in water. Reason R: The ionic radius of Li+ ion is smallest among its group members, hence has least hydration enthalpy. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A(C) A is true but R is false(D) A is false but R is true

Answer»

Correct option is (C) A is true but R is false

Due to high lattice energy LiF is sparingly soluble in water. Li+ has high hydration energy among its group members due to smallest size.

38.

The backbone of nucleic acid structure is constructed by

Answer»

The chain of sugars made by the phosphodiester bonds form the backbone of the nucleic acids. The backbone of every nucleic acid is the same, but each sugar can contain one of four different bases. Two of the bases, (A)adenine and guanine (G), are derivatives of purine.

39.

Markonic of addition reaction

Answer»

 In an addition reaction of a protic acid HX (hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, or hydrogen iodide) to an alkene or alkyne, the hydrogen atom of HX becomes bonded to the carbon atom that had the greatest number of hydrogen atoms in the starting alkene or alkyne.

40.

polysaccharides are

Answer»
  • Polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds.
  • Three important polysaccharides, starch, glycogen, and cellulose, are composed of glucose. 
  • Starch and glycogen serve as short-term energy stores in plants and animals, respectively. 
  • The glucose monomers are linked by α glycosidic bonds.
41.

an increase melting temperature of duplex DNA results from a high content of

Answer»

Answer: Cytosine + Guanine

42.

the normal serum GOT activity ranges from

Answer»
  • The normal concentrations in the blood are from 5 to 40 U l-1 for AST and from 5 to 35 U l-1 for ALT.
  •  However, when body tissue or an organ such as the liver or heart is diseased or damaged, additional AST and ALT are released into the bloodstream, causing levels of the enzyme to rise.
  • The normal serum GOT activity ranges from 5.0–13.0 KA units/100 ml
43.

DNA rich in A-T pairs have (A) 1 Hydrogen bond (B) 2 Hydrogen bonds (C) 3 Hydrogen bonds(D) 4 Hydrogen bonds

Answer»

(B) 2 Hydrogen bonds

44.

In DNA molecule (A) Guanine content does not equal cytosine content (B) Adenine content does not equal thymine content (C) Adenine content equals uracil content (D) Guanine content equals cytosine content

Answer»

(D) Guanine content equals cytosine content

45.

DNA rich in G-C pairs have (A) 1 Hydrogen bond (B) 2 Hydrogen bonds (C) 3 Hydrogen bonds (D) 4 Hydrogen bonds

Answer»

(C) 3 Hydrogen bonds

46.

The fact that DNA bears the genetic information of an organism implies that (A) Base composition should be identical from species to species (B) DNA base composition should charge with age (C) DNA from different tissues in the same organism should usually have the same base composition (D) DNA base composition is altered with nutritional state of an organism

Answer»

(C) DNA from different tissues in the same organism should usually have the same base composition

47.

How many isomers are possible in [CO(en)2Cl2] ? (a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 1  

Answer»

 4 isomers are possible in [CO(en)2Cl2] .

48.

Which is the mixture of carbogen. (a) H2 + O2(b) H2 + S(c) O2 + CO2(d) SO2 + O

Answer»

O2 + CO2 is the mixture of carbogen.

49.

Sweetest of all sugars is:(a) Glucose(b) Lactose(c) Sucrose(d) Fructose

Answer»

Answer is (c) Sucrose

50.

The derivative of ax is(a) ax log a(b) ax (c) \(\frac{a^x}{log\, \alpha}\)(d) None of these

Answer»

(a) ax log a

The derivative of ax is ax log a.