Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Second problem before the economy is ‘ How to produce’? In fact it is the problem related to the choice of techniques of production:- 

a) Labour intensive Technique – In this technique, more quantity of labour is used as compared to capital. The use of this technique ensures increase in employment and makes solution of unemployment problem. 

b) Capital intensive Technique – In this technique, more quantity of capital is used as compared to labour. The use of this technique increases production efficiency and productivity. 

For example clothes can be produced by both, handloom (ie. Labour intensive technique) and power loom (ie. Capital intensive technique) 

For solution of this problem, we should adopt that technique which utilizes lesser limited resources. If the production from both the technique is the same then the technique using less quantity of limited resources will be called more efficient technique.

(i) The topic is 'Me and the Ecology bit' and the author is Joan Lexau. 

(ii) The author said Ms. Greene to save papers for school pickup. So that they could be made into new paper. 

(iii) The author get tried to get Mrs. Greene to do something about ecology. 

(iv) Mr. Johnson was going to the post office. 

(v) The narrator advised Mr. Johnson not to take care if he didnot need to. The walk would be good exercise and save on gas and not pollute also.

Changes in production quantity affect Only variable cost.

The message may be misinterpreted because of Barriers of communication.

Correct option: a) place

Place (or Distribution) Place involves choosing the place where products are to be made available for sale. The primary motive of managing trade channels is to ensure that the product is readily available to the customer at the right time and place.

Correct answer is: (B) (i) All Partners, (ii) Old partners.

Gain / loss on revaluation at the time of change in profit sharing ratio of existing partners is shared by all Partners whereas in case of admission of a partner it is shared by old partners.

Correct answer is: (B) Second & final call ₹4.

(i) (c) Cheques issued not yet presented for payment

(ii) (d) Both (a) and (b)

(iii) (a) ₹10,000 will be added

(iv) (d) All of the above

(v) (a) ₹3,000 will be added

(vi) (a) ₹2,000 will be added

Correct answer is: (B) ₹5,85,000.

(a) if we don’t go fast 

(b) if she had money 

(c) if they move about in hot sunlight 

(d) if he had worked hard 

(e) if I were you 

(f) if he had been informed 

(g) if you go to meet her after 10 a.m. 

(h) if it rains

The correct answer is Open Shop

• A union security agreement is a contractual agreement between an employer and a union requiring workers to make certain payments to the union as a condition of keeping a job.

        Types of Union security measures

• Closed Shop: In this, the employer agrees to hire only union members. Those who resign from the union must be dismissed.
• Union Shop: In this, the employer may hire anyone regardless of them being a member of the trade union but the employee must join the union within the stipulated time period.
• Agency Shop: The employer may hire anyone and there is no need for the employee to join the union.
• Dues checkoff: It is the contract between the employer and the union where the employer agrees to collect fees from union members directly from their paycheck and transmit those funds to the union on regular basis.

Correct answer is: (C) 48

1. won 

2. would quit

3. will travel 

4. stay 

5. wanted 

6. would buy 

7. saw 

8. would buy 

9. can 

10. will do 

11. needs 

12. will take 

13. will donate 

14. will give 

15. won 

16. will help

With the increase in production the difference between total cost and total fixed cost Increases.

The correct answer is Somaprakasha: Dhondo Keshav Karve. 

• The East Indian was a daily English newspaper started by Henry Vivian Derozio in 1831.
• Henry Vivian Derozio was a professor at Hindu College and inspired the 'Young Bengal Movement'.
• The Banga-Duta is a weekly journal started by Rammohan Roy and Dwarkanath Tagore at Calcutta in 1822.
• Mooknayak was the first newspaper founded by B R Ambedkar on 31 January 1920. 
• The first Bengali political paper 'Somaprakasha' was established by Dwarkanath Vidyabhushan in 1858 at Calcutta.

(i) The two girls were returning from the church. 

(ii) Malasha was a little girl. She was also little naughty. 

(iii) The topic is 'Little Girls wiser than man' and the author is 'Leo Tolstoy'. 

(iv) The little bigger girl stopped Malasha because she was going to step into the puddle. 

(v) It was Easter, so both the little girls were well dressed today. They were meaning new frocks. 

1. didn’t? 

2. could I? 

3. could I? 

4. wasn’t it? 

5. didn’t I? 

6. won’t you? 

7. will there be? 

8. did I? 

9. haven’t I?

If all the factors of production are increased by same proportion and as a result output increases by a greater proportion then it is called Increasing returns to scale.

1. Earth quake and Tsunami have occured before 2005.

2. Floods and cyclones are common in India.

3. Tamil Nadu and Andhra are often affected by disasters.

4. Earth quake, floods and flash floods are common in North India.

5. Coastal towns in Tamil Nadu, Andhra and Orissa are often plagued with cyclone and floods. Kashmir and Gujarat were affected by earthquake about 15 years ago. Cyclones and floods happen often in the South India in the coastal belt.

1. aren’t they? 

2. don’t they? 

3. shouldn’t it be?

4. isn’t it? 

5. won’t they? 

6. doesn’t it? 

7. couldn’t they? 

8. won’t they? 

9. can’t they? 

10. should they?

(c) Both AR and MR 

The correct answer is ​Portugal.

• Marcelo rebelo da souse came to India on an official visit in February 2020.
• He is president of Portugal.
• He is the 20th President of Portugal.
• He belongs to the Social Democratic Party.
• He was parliamentarian in the assembly of Portuguese republic.
• He is also a legal scholar, journalist, law professor and political analyst.
• He is the eldest son of Baltasar Rebelo da Sausa.
• The last Prime minister of Eastado Novo regime was Marcelo cytano and he was named after him.
• He was elected as President of Portugal in 2016.
• He announced his intention of running office again after Covid-19 in 2021.

Remains constant increase in output , the difference between total cost and total variable cost.

(c) Both (a) and (b)

1.No, Mrs. Umar did not see the thief

2. Mrs. Umar was drinking coffee and watching TV.

3. No, Mr. Umar had gone out of the house to meet a friend when the thief broke into a neighbour’s house.

4. He was drinking water in the kitchen.

(i) into 

(ii) to 

(iii) in 

(iv) by

Second stage of production a rational producer likes to operate in short – run production.

(c) Variable cost become zero 

Number of consumers = 20 

Demand function of a consumer = d(P) = 10 - 3 P for P ≤ 10/3  

And d₁ (P) = 0 for P > 10/3 

Since all the 20 consumers have identical demand, the market demand function would be found out by adding the individual demand functions of 20 consumers. 

The market demand Function will be : 

 D (p) = 200 – 60 for P ≤ 10/3 

 And d₁ (p) = 0 for P > 10/3

(a) Both MP and AP rise

(a) The most populous state in the country is Uttar Pradesh and the least state is Sikkim.

(b) The regional pattern of population distribution in India and its important features are as follows:

1. The distribution of population in India is very uneven. Population is very dense in river valleys and seaside plains, but the population is very sparse in the mountainous desert and scarcity areas. Only 3% of the population lives on 16 percent of the country’s land in the hilly regions of the north, while 40 percent of the population lives on 18 percent of the country’s land in the northern plains. In Rajasthan, 6 percent of the population lives on only 6 percent of the country’s land.

2. Majority of the population is settled in rural areas. About 71% of the total population of the country resides in rural areas, about 29% in cities. Large cities have a large population of urban population. Two thirds of the total urban population lives in first-tier cities with population of one lakh or more.

3. The concentration of minority communities in the country is in the most sensitive and important outer border areas. For example, the Sikhs in Punjab and the Muslims in Jammu and Kashmir are in abundance near the Indo-Pak border in north western India. Similarly there is a gathering of people of Christianity along the borders of China and Burma (Myanmar) in the northeast. Many social, economic and political difficulties arise from such distribution.

4. On the one hand, the population is dense in the coastal plains and valleys of the rivers. On the other hand, the population in the mountainous, plateau and desert parts is sparse. This distribution resembles a demographic divide.

Law of Variable Proportion : When one or more factors are kept constant and units of variable factor are increased then production first increases, become constant and then decreases. According to this law there are three stages of production:- 

First stage: Marginal product decreases after becoming maximum. Average product becomes maximum and total product increases. 

Second stage : Average production starts decreasing and total production increases at a decreasing rate and reaches maximum or uppermost point where MP becomes zero. 

Third stage : AP continues to decreases, total production start decreasing and marginal product becomes negative.

It arises mainly because of scarcity of resources.

Net National Product at Factor cost or national income is the sum total of factor incomes (Rent + interest + Profit+ wages) generated within the domestic territory of country, along with net factor income from abroad during a year. NNPFC is the sum total of sector incomes earned by normal residents of a country during a year. 

NNP_FC = NDP_FC + Net Factor Income from abroad. 

NDP_FC is a domestic variable and hence for converting it into 

NNP_FC net factor income from abroad is added in it. 

In spite of adopting various measures, central bank not control the credit in fully desired way. Central bank may face many difficulties while going for credit control which are as follows :-

1) Credit other than Bank credit :- Central bank can only control bank credit, not other credit like exchange bills, promissory notes, etc. 

2) Lack of control in all Bank :- Central bank has no direct control in all banking institutions in the country. Central bank does not have that much control in foreign banks as it has on domestic banks.

3) Lack of control on ultimate use of Credit :- Central bank cannot put a control in the ultimate use of credit. People may use the credit for speculation, while it is taken for productive business activity.

4) Lack of control in Non-monetary Factors :- Economic fluctuations appear due to both monetary and non-monetary factors. Central bank can control only monetary factors with its policies. 

Budget plays a decision-making role in planned economy. The goals of economic development in a planned economy may be achieved with the basic instruments of budget. A budget in a planned economy may contain the following features. 

1) In a planned economy budget is based on the broad objectives of national planning. 

2) In initial phase of economic development, planning is supported by deficit budget which is brought to near balanced budget in the later stage of development.

3) In a planned economy a policy of ‘Justice in taxation’ is adopted while making budget and for if the policy of progressive taxation is adopted. 

4) Budget also plays a positive role in performing the economic activities in the country.

Given

Two employees A and B are paid a total of Rs. 13,455 per week by their employer

A is paid 125% of the sum paid to B

Concept used

Wages concept is used

Calculation

Let B paid be Rs.x

⇒ Then A will paid Rs.1.25x

⇒ Ratio A : B = 1.25x : x

⇒ A : B = 5 : 4

Now assume that total  wages be 9 unit

⇒ 9 unit = 13455

⇒ 1 unit = 1495

⇒ 4 unit = 5,980

∴ B paid Rs.5980 per week

The following factors cause demand for foreign exchange i.e. foreign exchange is demanded by domestic residents for the following reason : 

a) To purchase goods and services from foreign countries. 

b) To purchase financial assets in a foreign countries. 

c) To invest directly in shops, factories, building in foreign countries. 

d) To speculate on the value of foreign currencies. 

e) To send gifts abroad. 

f) To undertake foreign tours and 

g) Remittances to their families by foreigners working say in India. 

The supply of foreign exchange comes from : 

a) The domestic exporters who receive payments of foreign currency 

b) The foreigners, who invest and lend in the home country. 

c) Domestic residents who repatriate capital funds previously sent abroad. 

d) The domestic residents who receive gifts from foreign countries. 

e) Direct purchases by the non-residents in the domestic market.

Correct option is A) back

Correct option is C) across

The correct answer is Plantation crops.

• Plantation crops
  • The term plantation crops refer to those crops which are cultivated on an extensive scale in a contiguous area owned and managed by an individual or a company.
  • The crops include tea, coffee, rubber, cocoa, coconut, areca nut, oil palm, palmyra, and cashew.
  • These are high-value commercial crops of greater economic importance and play a vital role in improving the Indian economy, especially in view of their export potential, employment generation and poverty alleviation, particularly in the rural sector.
  • Tea, Coffee and rubber are dealt with by the Ministry of Commerce, while Coconut, cashew nut, cocoa, areca nut, oil palm yrah come under the Ministry of Agriculture.

• Horticulture crops
  • Horticultural crops include fruits, vegetables, medicinal, aromatic, and ornamental plants.
  • These crops are important dietary nutritional components and sources of medicines and aroma along with significant esthetic values for human beings.
  • Adoption of horticulture is also becoming essential to meet the demands of fruits, vegetables, and other horticultural products for the fast-growing population of the world.
• Cash crops
  • Cash crops are agricultural crops that are planted for the purpose of selling on the market or for export to make a profit, as distinguished from subsistence crops planted for the purpose of self-supple of the farmer.
  • Cash crops are grown on a large scale and sometimes compete with the land use and resource requirements of the local community.
• Food crops
  • The crops that are grown to feed the human population are known as food crops.
  • There are a number of food crops grown in the country.
  • Cassava, maize, plantains, potatoes, rice, sorghum, soybeans, sweet potatoes, wheat, and yams are some of the leading food crops around the world.

Correct option is C) after

The correct answer is The Border Road Organisation.

• ​The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) is a road construction executive force in India that provides support to and is a part of the Indian Armed Forces.
• BRO develops and maintains road networks in India's border areas and friendly neighboring countries.
• It includes infrastructure operations in 19 states and three union territories and neighboring countries such as Afghanistan, Bhutan, Myanmar, Tajikistan, and Sri Lanka.
• BRO is instrumental in significantly upgrading and building new India-China Border Roads.

• Inland Waterways Authority
  • It is the statutory authority in charge of the waterways in India.
  • It was constituted under IWAI Act-1985 by the parliament of India.
  • Its headquarters is located in Noida, UP.
  • India has an extensive network of inland waterways in the form of rivers, canals, backwaters, and creeks.

The correct answer is Iltutmish​.

• Iltutmish (1211-1236):
  • He succeeded to the throne after Qutub-ud-din-Aibak.
  • He was the third ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, belonging to the Mamluk dynasty.
  • He constituted corp of forty loyal slave Amirs known as Turkan-i-Chihalgani also called Chalisa.
  • He introduced the silver coin (tanka) and cooper coin (jittal).
  • He made Delhi the capital in place of Lahore.

​

• Firoz Shah Tughlaq:
  • He was the third ruler of Tughlaq dynasty that ruled over Delhi from 1351 to 1388 AD.
  • He established the Diwan-i-Khairat - office for charity
  • He established the Diwan-i-Bundagan -- department of slave
  • He is known to establish four new towns, Firozabad, Fatehabad, Jaunpur and Hissar.
  • He appointed Khan-i-Jahan Maqbal, a Telugu Brahmin convert as wazir (prime minister). 
    • The wazir helped the Sultan in his administration and maintained the prestige of the Sultanate during this period.
• Mohammad bin Tughlaq (1325-1351):
  • He shifted his capital from Delhi to Deogir and renamed it as Daulatabad.
  • Daulatabad is situated in Maharashtra. 
  • He built a road from Delhi to Deogir and also set up rest houses for the people.
  • He introduced bronze coins of the same value as Silver coins.
  • He established a new department of agriculture known as “Diwan-i-Kohi".
  • He also provided agricultural loan “Takavi” to the farmers.
• Muhammed Quli Qutub Shah (1580-1612):
  • He was the fifth sultan of the Qutub Shahi dynasty of Golkonda
  • He founded the city of Hyderabad, in South-central India and built its architectural centrepiece, the Charminar. 
  • He founded the city of Hyderabad and named it as Bhagyanagar after his Hindu mistress Bhagamati.​

The correct answer is Formula Translation.

• Formula Translation( FORTRAN)
  • FORTRAN is the first high-level programming language developed by John Backus in 1957.
  • It was basically designed to write programs for high-performance computing.
  • It is mainly suited for numeric computing, scientific computing, and scientific applications that involve extensive mathematical computations. The main motive behind its design was to translate math formulas into code.

The correct answer is Raipur.

• Madhya Pradesh
  • Capital- Bhopal
  • National bird- Indian paradise flycatcher
  • National animal- Barasingha
  • National tree- Banyan tree
  • National parks- Bandhavgarh National Park, Fossil National Park, Indira Priyadarshini Pench National Park, Kanha National Park, Madhav National Park, Madhav National park, Panna National park, Sanjay National Park, Satpura National Park, Van Vihar National Park.
• Raipur
  • Raipur is the capital city of the Indian state of Chhattisgarh.
  • Raipur is also the administrative headquarters of the Raipur District and Raipur division, and the largest city of the state.
  • It was a part of Madhya Pradesh before the state of Chhattisgarh was formed on 1 November 2000.