100525 + Interview Questions in GENERAL QA IN GENERAL AWARENESS

1.	Why do we store information?
Answer» Normally large volume of data has to be given to the computer for processing so the data entry may be taken more days, hence we have to store the data. After processing these stored data, we will get information as a result that must be stored in the computer for future references.

Discussion

2.	Processing is a series of actions or operations that convert inputs into ..........
Answer» Processing is a series of actions or operations that convert inputs into Output

Discussion

3.	A NOR gate is ON only when all its inputs are (a) ON(b) Positive (c) High (d) OFF
Answer» A NOR gate is ON only when all its inputs are OFF

Discussion

4.	Name a gate which is ON when all its inputs are OFF .
Answer» NAND or NOR a gate which is ON when all its inputs are OFF

Discussion

5.	What is source document.
Answer» Acquiring the required data from all the sources for the data processing and by using this data design a document, that contains all relevant data in proper order and format. This document is called source document.

Discussion

6.	Processing is a series of actions or operations that convert inputs into .......
Answer» Processing is a series of actions or operations that convert inputs into Output.

Discussion

7.	Briefly explain data, information and processing with real life example.
Answer» Consider the process of making coffee. Here data is the ingredients – water, sugar, milk and coffee powder Information is the final product i.e. Coffee Processing is the series of steps to convert the ingredients into final product, Coffee. That is mix the water, sugar and milk and boil it. Finally pour the coffee powder.

Discussion

8.	Select the expression for absorption law. (a) a + a = a (b) 1 + a = 1 (c) o . a = 0 (d) a + a . b = a
Answer» (a) a + a . b = a

Discussion

9.	Explain the components of Data processing
Answer» Data processing consists of the techniques of sorting, relating, interpreting and computing items of data in order to convert meaningful information. The components of data processing are given below. 1. Capturing data: In this step acquire or collect data from the user to input into the computer. 2. Input: It is the next step. In this step appropriate data is extracted and feed into the computer. 3. Storage: The data entered into the computer must be stored before starting the processing. 4. Processing/Manipulating data: It is a laborious work. It consists of various steps like computations, classification, comparison, summarization, etc. that converts input into output. 5. Output of information: In this stage we will get the results as information after processing the data. 6. Distribution of information: In this phase the information(result) will be given to the concerned persons/computers.

9.

Explain the components of Data processing

Answer»

Data processing consists of the techniques of sorting, relating, interpreting and computing items of data in order to convert meaningful information.

The components of data processing are given below.

1. Capturing data:

In this step acquire or collect data from the user to input into the computer.

2. Input:

It is the next step. In this step appropriate data is extracted and feed into the computer.

3. Storage:

The data entered into the computer must be stored before starting the processing.

4. Processing/Manipulating data:

It is a laborious work. It consists of various steps like computations, classification, comparison, summarization, etc. that converts input into output.

5. Output of information:

In this stage we will get the results as information after processing the data.

6. Distribution of information:

In this phase the information(result) will be given to the concerned persons/computers.

Discussion

10.	Match the following.AB i. Idem potent law a. x + (y + z)=(x + y)+z ii. Involution law b. x + xy = x iii. Complementarity law c. x + y = y + x iv. Commutative law d. xx- 0 v. Absorption law e. x = x vi. Associative law f. x + x = x
Answer» i – f, ii – e, iii – d, iv – c, v – b, vi – a

10.

Match the following.AB i. Idem potent law a. x + (y + z)=(x + y)+z ii. Involution law b. x + xy = x iii. Complementarity law c. x + y = y + x iv. Commutative law d. xx- 0 v. Absorption law e. x = x vi. Associative law f. x + x = x

Answer»

i – f,

ii – e,

iii – d,

iv – c,

v – b,

vi – a

Discussion

11.	Which of the following Boolean expressions are correct? Write the correct forms of the incorrect ones. 1. A + A1 = 1 2. A + 0 = A 3. A . 1 = A 4. A . A1 = 1 5. A + A . B = A 6. A . (A + B) = A 7. A + 1=1 8. \((\overline{A.B})\) = \(\bar A . \bar B\)9. A + A1 B = A + B 10. A + A = A 11. A + B . C = (A+B) . (B+C)
Answer» 1. Correct 2. Correct 3. Correct 4. Wrong, A . A¹ = 0 5. Correct 6. Correct 7. Correct 8. Wrong \((\overline{A.B})\) = \(\bar A + \bar B\) 9. Correct 10. Correct 11. Wrong, A + B . C = (A + B) . (A + C)

11.

Which of the following Boolean expressions are correct? Write the correct forms of the incorrect ones. 1. A + A1 = 1 2. A + 0 = A 3. A . 1 = A 4. A . A1 = 1 5. A + A . B = A 6. A . (A + B) = A 7. A + 1=1 8. \((\overline{A.B})\) = \(\bar A . \bar B\)9. A + A1 B = A + B 10. A + A = A 11. A + B . C = (A+B) . (B+C)

Answer»

1. Correct

2. Correct

3. Correct

4. Wrong, A . A¹ = 0

5. Correct

6. Correct

7. Correct

8. Wrong \((\overline{A.B})\) = \(\bar A + \bar B\)

9. Correct

10. Correct

11. Wrong, A + B . C = (A + B) . (A + C)

Discussion

12.	Consider a bulb with three switches x, y and z. Write the Boolean expression representing the following states. 1. All the switches x, y and z are ON 2. x is ON and y is OFF or Z is OFF 3. Exactly one switch is ON.
Answer» 1. xy . z 2. x\(\bar y\) + \(\bar z\) 3. x. \(\bar y. \bar z + \bar x.y.\bar z + \bar x. \bar y. \bar z\)

12.

Consider a bulb with three switches x, y and z. Write the Boolean expression representing the following states. 1. All the switches x, y and z are ON 2. x is ON and y is OFF or Z is OFF 3. Exactly one switch is ON.

Answer»

1. xy . z

2. x\(\bar y\) + \(\bar z\)

3. x. \(\bar y. \bar z + \bar x.y.\bar z + \bar x. \bar y. \bar z\)

Discussion

13.	Prove algebraically that (x + y)’ . (x’ + y’) = x’ .y,
Answer» LHS = (x + y)’ . (x’ + y’) = (x’ . y’) . (x’ . y’) = x’ . y’ . x’ + x’ . y’ . y’ = x’ . y’ + x’ . y’ = x ‘. y’ = RHS Hence proved.

13.

Prove algebraically that (x + y)’ . (x’ + y’) = x’ .y,

Answer»

LHS = (x + y)’ . (x’ + y’)

= (x’ . y’) . (x’ . y’)

= x’ . y’ . x’ + x’ . y’ . y’

= x’ . y’ + x’ . y’

= x ‘. y’ = RHS

Hence proved.

Discussion

14.	Give the complement of the following Boolean Expression.1. (A + B) . (C + D) 2. (P + Q) + (Q + R) . (R + P) 3. (B + D’) . (A + C’)
Answer» 1. ((A+B) . (C+D))1 = (A+B)’ + (C+D)’ = A’ . B’ + C’ . D’ 2. ((P+Q) + (Q+R) . (R.P))’ = (P+Q) ‘. ((Q+R) . (R+P))’ = P’ . Q’ . (Q+R)’ + (R+P)’ = P’ . Q’ . (Q’ . R’ + R’ . P’), 3. ((B+D’).(A+C’))’ = (B+D’)’0 + (A+C’)’ = B’ . D” + A’ . C” = B’ . D + A’ . C

14.

Give the complement of the following Boolean Expression.1. (A + B) . (C + D) 2. (P + Q) + (Q + R) . (R + P) 3. (B + D’) . (A + C’)

Answer»

1. ((A+B) . (C+D))1 = (A+B)’ + (C+D)’

= A’ . B’ + C’ . D’

2. ((P+Q) + (Q+R) . (R.P))’ = (P+Q) ‘. ((Q+R) . (R+P))’

= P’ . Q’ . (Q+R)’ + (R+P)’

= P’ . Q’ . (Q’ . R’ + R’ . P’),

3. ((B+D’).(A+C’))’ = (B+D’)’0 + (A+C’)’

= B’ . D” + A’ . C”

= B’ . D + A’ . C

Discussion

15.	what is computer
Answer» A programmable electronic device designed to accept data, perform prescribed mathematical and logical operations at high speed, and display the results of these operations. Mainframes, desktop and laptop computers, tablets, and smartphones are some of the different types of computers.

Discussion

16.	Explain the top-down and bottom-up approach in fabrication process.
Answer» The top-down approach is a process of miniaturizing or breaking down bulk materials (macro-crystalline) structures while retaining the original integrity. The bottom-up approach involves building of nanomaterials from the atomic scale (assembling materials from atoms/molecules).

Discussion

17.	Lab method of formaldehyde detail
Answer» In presence of air, methanol is oxidized to formaldehyde. The catalyst used is platinized asbestos. The reaction temperature is around 40 deg C. kkk jh jjkh kjh kjhlkj kjggtyy

Discussion

18.	Define an acid
Answer» Acid is a substance which gets dissociated completely in water to form H+ ions as it's only basic radical.

Discussion

19.	What is arithmetic ?
Answer» The definition of arithmetic refers to working with numbers by doing addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. An example of arithmetic is adding two and two together to make four.

Discussion

20.	Find the branch points of the function f(z) = (z4 −1)1/4. Draw a set of branch cuts for this function to make this function single-valued in the complex plane.
Answer» The branch points of this function are at z = 1, i, −1, −i . As z → ∞, f(z) → z(1 − z⁻⁴/4 + · · ·). Thus z∞ is not a branch point of the function. We draw straight lines joining 1 to i , i to −1 , and −1 to −i , and the function is single-valued in the cut-plane

20.

Find the branch points of the function f(z) = (z4 −1)1/4. Draw a set of branch cuts for this function to make this function single-valued in the complex plane.

Answer»

The branch points of this function are at

z = 1, i, −1, −i . As z → ∞, f(z) → z(1 − z⁻⁴/4 + · · ·).

Thus z∞ is not a branch point of the function. We draw straight lines joining 1 to i , i to −1 , and −1 to −i , and the function is single-valued in the cut-plane

Discussion

21.	The area bounded by the curve `x=3y^2-9` and the line `x=0,y=0 and y=1` isA. `8//3` sq unitB. 8 sq unitC. `3//8` sq unitD. 3 sq unit
Answer» Correct Answer - B Required area `= \|int_(0)^(1)(3y^2-9)dy\|` `=\|[y^3-9y]_(0)^(1)\|=\|-9\|` `=8 sq` unit.

Discussion

22.	If one end of a diameter of the circle `x^(2)+y^(2)-4x-6y+11=0` is (3, 4), then find the coordinates of the other end of the diameter.A. `(2,1)`B. `(1,2)`C. `(1,1)`D. None of these
Answer» Correct Answer - B The centre of the given circle `x^2+y^2-4x-6y+11=0` is `(2,3)` , Let the other end of diameter be `(x_1y_1)`, Since , centere `=((x_1+3)/2,(y_1+4)/2)` `therefore (2,3)=((x_1+3)/(2),(y_1+4)/(2))` `rArr 2=(x_1+3)/(2),3=(y_1+4)/(2)` `therefore x_1=1,y_1=2` Hence , coordinates of other end of the diameter is `(1,2)` .

Discussion

23.	Locate and classify the singularities of the function (z + 2)−1 (1 − z2)−1/2 in the extended z-plane. Draw branch cut (or cuts) to make the function single-valued.
Answer» The function (z + 2)⁻¹ (1 − z²)^−1/2has a simple pole at −2 and branch points at ±1. This function is single-valued in the plane cut from −1 to 1.

Discussion

24.	A is 20% more efficient than B. If B can do a piece of work in 30 days, then in how many days A can do the same work?1. 20 days2. 24 days3. 25 days4. 36 days
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 25 days Given: A = 20% more efficient than B B can do the work in 30 days Formula used: Total work = Efficiency × Time taken Calculation: Let efficiency of B be 100 units/day ⇒ Efficiency of A = 100 × (120/100) = 120 units/day Total work = 100 × 30 = 3000 units Time taken by A = 3000/120 = 25 days ∴ Time taken by A is 25 days

24.

A is 20% more efficient than B. If B can do a piece of work in 30 days, then in how many days A can do the same work?1. 20 days2. 24 days3. 25 days4. 36 days

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 25 days

Given:

A = 20% more efficient than B

B can do the work in 30 days

Formula used:

Total work = Efficiency × Time taken

Calculation:

Let efficiency of B be 100 units/day

⇒ Efficiency of A = 100 × (120/100) = 120 units/day

Total work = 100 × 30 = 3000 units

Time taken by A = 3000/120 = 25 days

∴ Time taken by A is 25 days

Discussion

25.	The present age of S and T is 64 and 61 years. What will be the ratio of their ages after 5 years?1. 23 : 222. 12 : 333. 34 : 354. 47 : 49
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : 23 : 22 Given Present age of S = 64 years Present age of T = 61 years Calculation Age of S after 5 years = 69 years Age of T after 5 years = 66 years Ratio of S and T age after 5 years = 69 : 66 = 23 : 22

25.

The present age of S and T is 64 and 61 years. What will be the ratio of their ages after 5 years?1. 23 : 222. 12 : 333. 34 : 354. 47 : 49

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : 23 : 22

Given

Present age of S = 64 years

Present age of T = 61 years

Calculation

Age of S after 5 years = 69 years

Age of T after 5 years = 66 years

Ratio of S and T age after 5 years = 69 : 66

= 23 : 22

Discussion

26.	If AB = 32, BC = 48 and CA = 24 Find A : B : C1. 2 : 3 : 42. 4 : 3 : 23. 2 : 4 : 34. 3 : 4 : 2
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 2 : 4 : 3 Given: AB = 32, BC = 48 and CA = 24 We have to find A : B : C Concept Used: The ratio of two numbers Calculation: AB = 32 ----(1) BC = 48 ----(2) CA = 24 ----(3) Dividing (1) by (2) get, A/C = 32/48 ⇒ A/C = 2/3 ----(4) Multiplying (3) and (4) get, A² = 24 × (2/3) ⇒ A² = 16 ⇒ A = 4 From (1) get, AB = 32 ⇒ 4B = 32 ⇒ B = 8 From (2) get, BC = 48 ⇒ 8C = 48 ⇒ C = 6 A : B : C = 4 : 8 : 6 ⇒ A : B : C = 2 : 4 : 3 ∴ A : B : C = 2 : 4 : 3

26.

If AB = 32, BC = 48 and CA = 24 Find A : B : C1. 2 : 3 : 42. 4 : 3 : 23. 2 : 4 : 34. 3 : 4 : 2

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : 2 : 4 : 3

Given:

AB = 32, BC = 48 and CA = 24 We have to find A : B : C

Concept Used:

The ratio of two numbers

Calculation:

AB = 32 ----(1)

BC = 48 ----(2)

CA = 24 ----(3)

Dividing (1) by (2) get,

A/C = 32/48

⇒ A/C = 2/3 ----(4)

Multiplying (3) and (4) get,

A² = 24 × (2/3)

⇒ A² = 16

⇒ A = 4

From (1) get,

AB = 32

⇒ 4B = 32

⇒ B = 8

From (2) get,

BC = 48

⇒ 8C = 48

⇒ C = 6

A : B : C = 4 : 8 : 6

⇒ A : B : C = 2 : 4 : 3

∴ A : B : C = 2 : 4 : 3

Discussion

27.	An ellipsoidal cavity is carved within a perfect conductor. A positive charge q is placed at the centre of the cavity. The points A and B are on the cavity surface as shown in the figure. Then A. electric field near a in the cavity = electric field near B in the cavityB. charge density at A = charge density at BC. potential at a = potential at BD. total electric field flux through the surface of the cavity is `q//epsilon_(0)`
Answer» Correct Answer - C Under electrostatic condition, all points lying on the conductor are in same potential. Therefore, potential at A=potential at B. Hence, option (C) is correct. From Gauss theorem, total flux through the surface of the cavity will be `q/epsilon_(0)`

Discussion

28.	For spherical symmetrical charge distribution, variation of electric potential with distance from centre is given in diagram Given that : `V=(q)/(4pi epsilon_(0)R_(0))` for `r le R_(0) and V=(q)/(4 piepsilon_(0)r)` for `r ge R_(0)` Then which option (s) are correct : (1) Total charge within `2R_(0)` is q (2) Total electrosstatic energy for `r le R_(0)` is non-zero (3) At `r = R_(0)` electric field is discontinuous (4) There will be no charge anywhere except at `r lt R_(0)` A. Total charge within `2R_(0)` is qB. Total electrostatic energy for `r le R_(0)` is zeroC. At `r=R_(0)` electric field is discontinuousD. There will be no charge anywhere except at `r=R_(0)`
Answer» Correct Answer - A, B, C, D The given graph is of charged conducting sphere of radius `R_(0)`. The whole charge q distributs on the surface of the sphere.

Discussion

29.	A password consists of two alphabets from English followed by three numbers chosen from 0 to 3. If repetitions are allowed, the number of different passwords is:1. 26P1 × 26P2 × 4P1 × 3P1 × 2P12. (26P1)2 × (4P1)33. 26P1 × 26P2 × 4. (26P1 × 4P1)<span style="position: r
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : (²⁶P₁)² × (⁴P₁)³ Concept: Combinations: The number of ways in which r distinct objects can be selected simultaneously from a group of n distinct objects, is: ⁿC_r= \(\rm \frac {n!}{r!(n-r)!}\). Permutations: The number of ways in which r objects can be arranged in n places (without repetition) is: ⁿP_r = \(\rm \frac{n!}{(n - r)!}\). nPr = r! × nCr. nP1 = nC1. n! = 1 × 2 × 3 × ... × n. 0! = 1. Calculation: There are a total of 5 symbols: 2 alphabets (out of 26) + 3 numbers (out of 4). Since repetition is allowed, we will consider the number of arrangements of each symbol individually. Each of the 2 alphabets can be arranged in 26P1 ways and each of the 3 numbers can be arranged in 4P1 ways. Using the basic principle of counting, the total number of arrangements will be: 26P1 × 26P1 × 4P1 × 4P1 × 4P1 = (26P1)2 × (4P1)3. Basic Principle of Counting: If there are m ways for happening of an event A, and corresponding to each possibility there are n ways for happening of event B, then the total number of different possible ways for happening of events A and B are: Either event A alone OR event B alone: m + n. Both event A AND event B together: m × n.

29.

A password consists of two alphabets from English followed by three numbers chosen from 0 to 3. If repetitions are allowed, the number of different passwords is:1. 26P1 × 26P2 × 4P1 × 3P1 × 2P12. (26P1)2 × (4P1)33. 26P1 × 26P2 × 4. (26P1 × 4P1)<span style="position: r

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : (²⁶P₁)² × (⁴P₁)³

Concept:

Combinations: The number of ways in which r distinct objects can be selected simultaneously from a group of n distinct objects, is:

ⁿC_r= \(\rm \frac {n!}{r!(n-r)!}\).

Permutations: The number of ways in which r objects can be arranged in n places (without repetition) is:

ⁿP_r = \(\rm \frac{n!}{(n - r)!}\).

nPr = r! × nCr.
nP1 = nC1.
n! = 1 × 2 × 3 × ... × n.
0! = 1.

Calculation:

There are a total of 5 symbols: 2 alphabets (out of 26) + 3 numbers (out of 4).

Since repetition is allowed, we will consider the number of arrangements of each symbol individually.

Each of the 2 alphabets can be arranged in 26P1 ways and each of the 3 numbers can be arranged in 4P1 ways.

Using the basic principle of counting, the total number of arrangements will be:

26P1 × 26P1 × 4P1 × 4P1 × 4P1

= (26P1)2 × (4P1)3.

Basic Principle of Counting:

If there are m ways for happening of an event A, and corresponding to each possibility there are n ways for happening of event B, then the total number of different possible ways for happening of events A and B are:

Either event A alone OR event B alone: m + n.
Both event A AND event B together: m × n.

Discussion

30.	How many words can be formed by rearranging the alphabets of word 'REHABILITATION'? (must not necessarily have meaning)1. \(\rm 14!\over2!\times2!\)2. \(\rm 14!\over2!\times3!\)3. \(\rm 14!\over2!\times2!\times3!\)4. \(\rm 14!\over4!\times3!\)
Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : \(\rm 14!\over2!\times2!\times3!\) Concept: The ways of arranging n different things = n! The ways of arranging n things, having r same things and rest all are different = \(\rm n!\over r!\) The no. of ways of arranging the n arranged thing and m arranged things together = n! × m! The number of ways for selecting r from a group of n (n > r) = nCr Calculation: R E H A₁ B I₁ L I₂ T₁ A₂ T₂ I₃ O N Total of letters = 14 There are 2 A's, 3 I's, 2 T's, ∴ The number of words formed = \(\rm 14!\over2!\times2!\times3!\)

30.

How many words can be formed by rearranging the alphabets of word 'REHABILITATION'? (must not necessarily have meaning)1. \(\rm 14!\over2!\times2!\)2. \(\rm 14!\over2!\times3!\)3. \(\rm 14!\over2!\times2!\times3!\)4. \(\rm 14!\over4!\times3!\)

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 3 : \(\rm 14!\over2!\times2!\times3!\)

Concept:

The ways of arranging n different things = n!
The ways of arranging n things, having r same things and rest all are different = \(\rm n!\over r!\)
The no. of ways of arranging the n arranged thing and m arranged things together = n! × m!
The number of ways for selecting r from a group of n (n > r) = nCr

Calculation:

R E H A₁ B I₁ L I₂ T₁ A₂ T₂ I₃ O N

Total of letters = 14

There are 2 A's, 3 I's, 2 T's,

∴ The number of words formed = \(\rm 14!\over2!\times2!\times3!\)

Discussion

31.	The equilibrium constant of the reaction : `Zn(s)+2Ag^(+)(aq)toZn(aq)+2Ag(s),E^(@)=1.50V` at 298 K isA. `2.6xx10^(49)`B. `8.7xx10^(51)`C. `6.1xx10^(30)`D. `6.6xx10^(50)`
Answer» Correct Answer - D `nFE^(@)=2.303RT"log" K` `"log"K=(nFE^(@))/(2.303RT)=(2xx96500)/(2.303xx8.3xx298)` `K=6.6xx10^(50)`

Discussion

32.	The transition metal that has a spin only magnetic moment is 5.9 is a). Mn2+ b). Fe2+ c). V2+ d). Cu2+
Answer» The transition metal that has a spin only magnetic moment is 5.9 is Mn²⁺

Discussion

33.	MnO42- in a neutral aqueous medium disproportionate to a). 2/3 mole of MnO4- and 1/3 mole of MnO2b). 1/3 mole of MnO4- and 2/3 mole of MnO2c). 1/3 mole of Mn2O7 and 1/3 mole of MnO2d). 2/3 mole of Mn2O7 and 1/3 mole of MnO2
Answer» a). 2/3 mole of MnO₄^-and 1/3 mole of MnO₂

Discussion

34.	Laval nozzle is a (a) convergent nozzle (b) divergent nozzle (c) convergent-divergent nozzle (d) any of the above.
Answer» (c) convergent-divergent nozzle

Discussion

35.	A single acting two-stage air compressor deals with 4 m3/min of air at 1.013 bar and 15°C with a speed of 250 rpm. The delivery pressure is 80 bar. If the inter cooling is complete, the intermittent pressure after first stage will be (a) 9 bar (b) 8 bar (c) 7 bar (d) 6 bar
Answer» Correct option is (a) 9 bar For two stage air compressor P_i = \(\sqrt{p_1p_2}\) = \(\sqrt{80}\) = 9 bar

35.

A single acting two-stage air compressor deals with 4 m3/min of air at 1.013 bar and 15°C with a speed of 250 rpm. The delivery pressure is 80 bar. If the inter cooling is complete, the intermittent pressure after first stage will be (a) 9 bar (b) 8 bar (c) 7 bar (d) 6 bar

Answer»

Correct option is (a) 9 bar

For two stage air compressor

P_i = \(\sqrt{p_1p_2}\) = \(\sqrt{80}\)

= 9 bar

Discussion

36.	A convergent-divergent nozzle is said to be choked when: (a) Critical pressure is attained at the exit and Mach number at this section is sonic (b) Velocity at the throat becomes supersonic (c) Exit velocity becomes supersonic (d) Mass flow rate thorugh the nozzle reaches a maximum value
Answer» (d) Mass flow rate thorugh the nozzle reaches a maximum value A nozzle is said to be chocked when flow rate through it is maximum and at throat of nozzle M = 1.

36.

A convergent-divergent nozzle is said to be choked when: (a) Critical pressure is attained at the exit and Mach number at this section is sonic (b) Velocity at the throat becomes supersonic (c) Exit velocity becomes supersonic (d) Mass flow rate thorugh the nozzle reaches a maximum value

Answer»

(d) Mass flow rate thorugh the nozzle reaches a maximum value

A nozzle is said to be chocked when flow rate through it is maximum and at throat of nozzle M = 1.

Discussion

37.

A supersonic aircraft generates shock waves called ____________, due to the formation of two principal shock fronts, one at its nose and the other at its tail. This can break window glasses.1. Ultra waves2. Sonic boom3. Infra waves4. Ultrasound

Answer» Correct Answer - Option 2 : Sonic boom

Sound is a result of vibration which is produced by a source, travels in the medium as a wave, and is ultimately sensed through the eardrum.

It travels in the form of waves through a medium that is a must for mechanical waves like sound to travel.

Sonic boom:

It is that type of sound that is like a thunderclap that basically arises due to the high speed of supersonic aircraft.
When the speed travels faster than sound and at much higher altitudes due to the shock waves, the "sonic boom" happens.
When the supersonic aircraft runs at a higher speed then it forms two principal shock fronts, one at its nose and the other at its tail.
It would sound like 50 ordinary jets taking off at the same time. As a supersonic jet moves through the air, it creates a high-energy, cone-shaped wake that trails behind the jet called a "sonic boom".
Depending on the power it generates, the sonic boom can rattle windows or shatter them.
In some extreme cases, it may damage buildings. Such high noise levels obviously interrupt sleep and conversation.
For example, while the Indian Air Force testing supersonic aircraft then due to their high speed at high altitude, the sonic boom happened on 19th May 2021.

So, it is concluded that the waves generated by supersonic aircraft are called "sonic boom".

Ultra waves	These types of waves can travel faster than light.
Infra waves	Sound waves with a frequency smaller than 20 Hz are called infra waves.
Ultrasound	The sound waves with a frequency greater than 20 kHz are called ultrasound. Dogs, mice, bats, dolphins, etc. have a special ability to hear ultrasonic sounds. They can also produce ultrasound waves.

Discussion

38.	A shock wave which occurs in a supersonic flow represents a region in which: (a) A zone of silence exists (b) There is no change in pressure, temperature and density (c) There is sudden change in pressure, temperature and density (d) Analogy with a hydraulic jump is not possible
Answer» (c) There is sudden change in pressure, temperature and density For shock wave Mach number is greater than one i.e., velocity of source is greater than velocity of sound. In this case the pressure and velocity at an arbitary point of the stream can be influenced only by disturbance acting at point that lie on or inside the zone of action (or Mach cone) so option (a) is wrong. When shock occur then there is sudden change in pressure a temperature and density. As flow is changing from supersonic to subsonic, so velocity and pressure and temperature will change. Only stagnation enthalpy and temperature may remain constant. But static value definitely change.

38.

A shock wave which occurs in a supersonic flow represents a region in which: (a) A zone of silence exists (b) There is no change in pressure, temperature and density (c) There is sudden change in pressure, temperature and density (d) Analogy with a hydraulic jump is not possible

Answer»

(c) There is sudden change in pressure, temperature and density

For shock wave Mach number is greater than one i.e., velocity of source is greater than velocity of sound. In this case the pressure and velocity at an arbitary point of the stream can be influenced only by disturbance acting at point that lie on or inside the zone of action (or Mach cone) so option (a) is wrong.

When shock occur then there is sudden change in pressure a temperature and density. As flow is changing from supersonic to subsonic, so velocity and pressure and temperature will change. Only stagnation enthalpy and temperature may remain constant. But static value definitely change.

Discussion

39.	The correct chronological order, in development of steam generators, is: (a) Fire tube boiler, Monotube boiler and Water tube boiler (b) Water tube boiler, Fire tube boiler and Monotube boiler (c) Fire tube boiler, Water tube boiler and Monotube boiler (d) Water tube boiler, Monotube boiler and Fire tube boiler
Answer» (c) Fire tube boiler, Water tube boiler and Monotube boiler Fire tube boiler has been developed during industrial revolution. In due course of time developement occured and water tube boiler came in existance. But it was bulky due to steam drum required for intermediate phase. So, to avoid this supercritical or monotube boiler came in picture to meet the high quality steam requirement and lesser space installation time etc.

39.

The correct chronological order, in development of steam generators, is: (a) Fire tube boiler, Monotube boiler and Water tube boiler (b) Water tube boiler, Fire tube boiler and Monotube boiler (c) Fire tube boiler, Water tube boiler and Monotube boiler (d) Water tube boiler, Monotube boiler and Fire tube boiler

Answer»

(c) Fire tube boiler, Water tube boiler and Monotube boiler

Fire tube boiler has been developed during industrial revolution. In due course of time developement occured and water tube boiler came in existance. But it was bulky due to steam drum required for intermediate phase. So, to avoid this supercritical or monotube boiler came in picture to meet the high quality steam requirement and lesser space installation time etc.

Discussion

40.	Supersaturated flow occurs in a steam nozzle due to delay in: (a) Throttling (b) Condensation (c) Evaoration (d) Entropy drop
Answer» (b) Condensation Supersaturation phenomenon occurs in nozzle due to delay in condensation due to which mass flow rate coming from the nozzle is more than the designed value.

40.

Supersaturated flow occurs in a steam nozzle due to delay in: (a) Throttling (b) Condensation (c) Evaoration (d) Entropy drop

Answer»

(b) Condensation

Supersaturation phenomenon occurs in nozzle due to delay in condensation due to which mass flow rate coming from the nozzle is more than the designed value.

Discussion

41.	The incorrect statement(s) among (a) - (c) is (are) :- (a) W(VI) is more stable than Cr(VI). (b) in the presence of HCl, permanganate titrations provide satisfactory results.(c) some lanthanoid oxides can be used as phosphors.(1) (a) and (b) only (2) (a) only (3) (b) and (c) only (4) (b) only
Answer» (4) (b) only KMnO₄ will not give satisfactory result when it is titrated by HCl.

41.

The incorrect statement(s) among (a) - (c) is (are) :- (a) W(VI) is more stable than Cr(VI). (b) in the presence of HCl, permanganate titrations provide satisfactory results.(c) some lanthanoid oxides can be used as phosphors.(1) (a) and (b) only (2) (a) only (3) (b) and (c) only (4) (b) only

Answer»

(4) (b) only

KMnO₄ will not give satisfactory result when it is titrated by HCl.

Discussion

42.	The correct statement(s) among I to III with respect to potassium ions that are abundant within the cell fluids is/are : I. They activate many enzymes II. They participate in the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP III. Along with sodium ions, they are responsible for the transmission of nerve signals (1) I and III only (2) I and II only (3) I, II and III (4) III only
Answer» Correct option: (3) I, II and III

42.

The correct statement(s) among I to III with respect to potassium ions that are abundant within the cell fluids is/are : I. They activate many enzymes II. They participate in the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP III. Along with sodium ions, they are responsible for the transmission of nerve signals (1) I and III only (2) I and II only (3) I, II and III (4) III only

Answer»

Correct option: (3) I, II and III

Discussion

43.	Which of the following is incorrect?
Answer» The answer is (3)

Discussion

44.	Given : 2H2O → O2 + 4H+ + 4e– Eº = –1.23 V Calculate electrode potential at pH = 5.
Answer» Answer:–00.93 E = –1.23 – 0.0591/4 log [H⁺]⁴ = –1.23 + 0.0591 × pH = –1.23 + 0.0591 × 5 = –1.23 + 0.2955 = – 0.9345 V = –0.93 V

44.

Given : 2H2O → O2 + 4H+ + 4e– Eº = –1.23 V Calculate electrode potential at pH = 5.

Answer»

Answer:–00.93

E = –1.23 – 0.0591/4 log [H⁺]⁴

= –1.23 + 0.0591 × pH = –1.23 + 0.0591 × 5

= –1.23 + 0.2955 = – 0.9345 V = –0.93 V

Discussion

45.	The coordination number of Th in K4[Th(C2O4) 4(OH2)2] is : (C2O2-4 = Oxalato (1) 10(2) 8(3) 6(4) 14
Answer» Correct option (1) 10 Explanation: C₂O₄^2– is a bidentate ligand. So the co-ordination number of Th in K₄[Th(C₂O₄)₄ (OH₂)₂] is 10.

45.

The coordination number of Th in K4[Th(C2O4) 4(OH2)2] is : (C2O2-4 = Oxalato (1) 10(2) 8(3) 6(4) 14

Answer»

Correct option (1) 10

Explanation:

C₂O₄^2– is a bidentate ligand. So the co-ordination number of Th in K₄[Th(C₂O₄)₄ (OH₂)₂] is 10.

Discussion

46.	In CuSO4.5H2O how many molecules of water are indirectly connected to Cu(1) 5(2) 4(3) 2(4) 1
Answer» Correct option: (4) 1 Explanation: In CuSO₄.5H₂O, Four water molecules form coordinate bond with Cu²⁺ ion while one water molecule is associated with H-bond.

46.

In CuSO4.5H2O how many molecules of water are indirectly connected to Cu(1) 5(2) 4(3) 2(4) 1

Answer»

Correct option: (4) 1

Explanation:

In CuSO₄.5H₂O, Four water molecules form coordinate bond with Cu²⁺ ion while one water molecule is associated with H-bond.

Discussion

47.	Match the catalysts (Column I) with products (Column II).Column I CatalystColumn II Product(A) V2O5(i) Polyethylene(B) TiCl4/Al(Me)3(ii) ethanal(C) PdCl2(iii) H2SO4(D) Iron Oxide(iv) NH3(1) (A)-(iii); (B)-(iv); (C)-(i); (D)-(ii) (2) (A)-(ii); (B)-(iii); (C)-(i); (D)-(iv) (3) (A)-(iv); (B)-(iii); (C)-(ii); (D)-(i) (4) (A)-(iii); (B)-(i); (C)-(ii); (D)-(iv)
Answer» (A)-(iii); (B)-(i); (C)-(ii); (D)-(iv)

Discussion

48.	______ is a large curve of different colors in the sky that is caused by the sun shining through rain. A) rainbow B) thunderstormC) lightning D) storm
Answer» Correct option is A) rainbow

Discussion

49.	The idea of froth floatation method came from a person X and this method is related to the process Y of ores. X and Y, respectively. Are : (1) washer woman and concentration (2) fisher woman and concentration (3) wisher man and reduction (4) fisher man and reduction
Answer» Correct option (1) washer woman and concentration Explanation: froth floatation is used for concentration for sulphide ore

49.

The idea of froth floatation method came from a person X and this method is related to the process Y of ores. X and Y, respectively. Are : (1) washer woman and concentration (2) fisher woman and concentration (3) wisher man and reduction (4) fisher man and reduction

Answer»

Correct option (1) washer woman and concentration

Explanation:

froth floatation is used for concentration for sulphide ore

Discussion

50.

For four gases vander - waal's constants a & b are given as followingGas a(PaLt2 mol-2)b(Lt mol-1)A6500.0051B1550.0049C4500.0051D1550.049Between gas A & C which has higher volume and between gas B & D which has higher compressibility?(1) A.B(2) A, D(3) C, B(4) C, D

Answer»

The correct option (3) C, B

Explanation:

For gases A & C,'b' value is same so gas having value of 'a' i.e. higher force of attraction will have lesser volume. Gas C will have higher volume.

For B & D, 'a' value is same, so gas having higher value of 'b' will be less compressible

∴ Z = 1 - a/VRT + Pb/RT

∴ Gas B will be more compressible

Discussion

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