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Dr Rajendra Prasad had the longest tenure as President or India.

(b) two Solicitors-General and four Additional Solicitors-General

The first linguistic State, born in 1953, was Andhra

In the discharge of his functions, the Attorney General is assisted by a Solicitor General and 4  Additional Solicitors General.

Before 1956, the present Kerala State was known as Travancore-Cochin

The Union Food Minister who had earned the sobriquet "Famine Minister" was KM Munshi

(d) All the three

The question of disqualification of a member of a State Legislature shall be decided by the Governor after consultation with the Election Commission

The Indian Army General who had earned the sobriquet 'Sparrow' was  Rajinder Singh

The correct answer is Satyendra Garg.

• Satyendra Garg
  • Satyendra Garg, a 1987-batch IPS officer was posted as joint secretary in the Union home ministry.
  • He was handling the North East division in the home ministry as a joint secretary before being repatriated to his cadre.
•  Director-General of Police (DGP)
  • The Director of Police is the highest-ranking police officer in an Indian State or Union Territory.
  • DGP typically heads the state or UT police force, is also called State Police Chief.
  • DGP is appointed by the Cabinet from the Indian Police Service and they hold a three-star rank.
  • The UPSC will prepare a panel of three officers to fit to be DGP and send it back.

•  Niranjan Hiranandani
  • He is an Indian billionaire businessman, co-founder, and managing director of Hiranandani Group, engaged in the real estate business.
  • He is ranked by Forbes among the 100 richest Indians, with a net worth of US$ 1.6 billion as of June 2021.
  • In 2020, he was in the Top 10 Indian real estate tycoons according to the Grohe Hurun report and he was the second richest person in the Real estate Sector as per the IIFL Wealth Hurun India Rich List. 
  • Along with members of his family, Hiranandani controls the privately owned Hiranandani Group.
• Sumant Sinha
  • He is an Indian businessman.
  • He is the Chairman and Managing Director of ReNew Power, India's largest renewable power producer and renewable energy unicorn, which was founded by him in 2011.

(b) a de facto sovereign

Antigen is any substance, particle or infectious agent recognized as foreign to the body. The contact of the antigen with the body promotes a defense reaction against the antigen (unspecific, specific or both). 

Immunoglobulin is the alternate name given to antibody. Immunoglobulins are complex proteins containing an invariable portion and a variable portion and made of four polypeptide chains. The variable portion of each immunoglobulin is responsible for the high specificity of the antigen-antibody bond. 

The antibodies of the humoral immune system act against extracellular agents, like toxins or bacteria, but they are not active in the intracellular space and they cannot fight virus efficiently.

In case of viral infection (and also of cancerous or precancerous cells) the immune attack is made by the cellular immune system, mediated by T and NK (natural killers) lymphocytes that destroy specific cells and virus.

The antibodies, or immunoglobulins, act to facilitate the destruction of antigens: they attract phagocytic leukocytes, they trigger the attack of specific defense molecules (activation of the complement system) and they directly neutralize the toxicity of some antigens.

The correct answer is Vidisha Maitra.

• Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions
  • The Advisory Committee is an expert Committee of twenty-one Members.
  • It is elected by the General Assembly for a period of three years.
  • Members serve in a personal capacity and not as representatives of Member States.
  • The Chairman and Vice-Chairman of the Committee are elected by the Members of the Advisory Committee.
  • The Advisory Committee is serviced by a secretariat headed by an Executive Secretary, assisted by a Dep
• Vidisha Maitra
  • Vidisha Maitra is an Indian Officer situated in New Delhi, India.
  • She split the UPSC Civil Services Examination 2008.
  • She turned into the Indian Foreign Service Officer (IFS) in 2009.
  • In a significant victory for India at the United Nations, Indian diplomat Vidisha Maitra was elected to the U.N. Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions (ACABQ), a subsidiary organ of the General Assembly.
  • She impeccably finished her preparation and got the gold decoration.
  • She is among the most up-to-date officials and the first secretary in the United Nations.
  • She cares for the neighbouring countries and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
  • She gave a discourse on the August Platform.

• Anita Bhatia
  • Ms Bhatia has had a distinguished career at the World Bank Group, serving in various senior leadership and management positions, both at Headquarters and in the field.
  • She has served for several years as Director of Global Partnerships for the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the private sector arm of the World Bank Group.
  • She developed and expanded innovative partnerships with public and private sector partners to support IFC strategy in key areas, including fragile and conflict-affected states, gender equality, financial inclusion, support to women-owned businesses, and other priorities critical for the achievement of the Sustainable Develop.
• Soma Mandal
  • Soma Mondal is the first woman chairperson in the vibrant history of SAIL. 
  • She was appointed as a Director with the company only in 2017. 
  • She had joined NALCO way back in 1984 as a Management Trainee after completing her engineering.

The correct answer is Kerala.

• Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary 
  • The Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary in the Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala, India.
  • The Sanctuary is named after the Peppara Dam, commissioned in 1983 to augment the drinking water supply to Thiruvananthapuram city and suburban areas.
  • It is part of the Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve.
  • Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary is 44 kilometres by car from the nearest railway station, at Thiruvananthapuram, and 49 kilometres from the Thiruvananthapuram airport.
  • The sanctuary has several mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. The common mammals found are tiger, leopard, sloth bear, elephant, sambar, bonnet macaque, Nilgiri langur, Nilgiri tahr.
• Kerala
  • Chief Minister - Pinarayi Vijayan( On November 2021)
  • Governor- Arif Mohmmad Khan ( On November 2021) 
  • National Bird - Great Hornbill
  • National Animal - Indian Elephant
  • National Tree - Coconut Tree
  • National Flower - Kanikonna
  • National Parks - Anamudi Shola National Park, Eravikulam National Park, Pambadum Shola National Park, Periyar National Park, Silent Valley National Park.

After leaving the epididymis in the testicle sperm cells enter the vas deferens, after that they receive secretions from the seminal vesicles and gather (from right and left sides) in the ejaculatory duct that passes inside the prostate. They also get secretions from the prostate and the bulbourethral glands and then go through the urethra, inside the penis, to the exterior.

If the inflammatory attack is not enough to halt the infectious process the body still relies on a specific defense, the immune response proper (humoral and cellular) performed by the lymphocytes.

The goal of vaccines is to artificially induce a specific primary immune response (and the consequent formation of antibodies and memory cells) concerning a given infection or disease in order to immunize the individual against infections by the pathogenic agent in the future.

Since each antibody does not act against a variety of antigens but instead it acts only against its specific antigen, it is necessary for the immune system to make contact in some way with the antigen against which the immunization is wanted. The reconnaissance of specific molecular portions of each antigen causes the immune system to produce the specific variable portion of the immunoglobulins to attack that antigen. Therefore to induce the active immunization it is necessary to inoculate into the body small parts of the infectious agent or the agent entirely (dead or inactivated).

Humoral specific immune response is the defense system by means of antibodies, defense proteins secreted by lymphocytes that attack foreign agents with high specificity. Cellular specific immune response is the defense system by means of specific lymphocytes (cells) that directly attack other foreign cells and agents.

The testicles are the male gonads, i.e., the organs where the production of gametes takes place. In human beings the gametes are made by meiosis that occur in the testicles.

Homologous immunoglobulin is the human (from the same species) immunoglobulin. In case of inoculation in animals as in veterinary procedures homologous immunoglobulin is that from the blood of animals of the same species of the animal undergoing treatment. Heterologous immunoglobulin is that obtained from animals of different species from the individual into which it will be inoculated.

The homologous immunoglobulin is safer since it is collected from beings of the same species of the individual in which it will be inoculated and thus the risk of the antibodies to be recognized as foreign and to trigger an immune response is lower. Heterologous immunoglobulins are more prone to being destroyed by the own antibodies of the individual. 

Antivenoms are obtained by the following process: the venom (antigen) is inoculated into other mammals, e.g., in horses; these animals make specific antibodies against the antigen; blood from the animals is collected and purified to get the antibodies; this antibody-containing material is the antivenom. When a human being is infected by the antigen the specific antivenom is given to him/her and the action against the antigen occurs.

Antivenoms may also be administered as a preventive measure and, since it is basically made of specific immunoglobulins against some antigen, the process is an example of passive immunization.

The organs that comprise the male genital system are the testicles, the epididymides, the vas deferens, the seminal vesicles, the ejaculatory duct, the prostate, the bulbourethral glands, the urethra and the penis.

In the population of Peppermoth, 2 variants were already existing in the population, the black and the grey. In the absence of Industrialisation, the grey moths were prevalent because they blended very well with the lichen and moss covered trees camouflage and the predators cannot spot them. The Black ones were easily spotted and killed by predators and therefore, were fewer in numbers. With Industrialisation, the stems got covered with black soot. This provided better camouflage to the black variant and their number increased. If the industries had been removed the population of black moths would have declined because as stated earlier they would have been spotted better by predators and therefore be eaten more frequently.

Tablet Cetirizine is used for Allergies. 

Correct option is A) Have the arrangements

The Excretion.

Neurology is Study of Nervous System. 

(a)  does he

Waste products are eliminated into surrounding tissue to be transported by the blood for elimination via organs in the process of Excretion. 

b. would have arranged

Cytology is Study of Cells.

Slogans : 

(1) Waste water today - live in desert tomorrow. 

(2) Practice eco-friendly methods. 

(3) Use natural resources judiciously. 

(4) Save nature - Save future.