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1.

Now find sentences from the text in the direct speech and convert them into the reported speech.(Students may attempt this on their own.) Read the following sentences given in the indirect speech and convert them into the direct speech. (a) Shirish said that he would not be able to solve the problem. (b) Lata told me to give her a glass of water. (c) Ananya exclaimed with joy that she had received the Ph.D. degree. (d) Shilpa asked us if there was any other Rian document to be typed. (e) Swati said that she would not get the money.

Answer»

(a) Shirish said, “I will not be able to solve the problem.” 

(b) Lata said, “Give me a glass of water.” 

(c) Ananya said, “Hurrah! I have received the Ph.D. degree.” 

(d) Shilpa said, “Is there any other document to be typed?” 

(e) Swati said, “I will not get the money.”

2.

Write the following sentences in reported/indirect speech: (a) He said, “If you find my answers satisfactory, will you give me five rupees?” (b) The astrologer said, “You were left for dead. Am I right?” (c) “I should have been dead if some passerby had not chanced to peep into the well,” exclaimed Guru Nayak. (d) He told her, “Do you know a great load is gone from me today.”

Answer»

(a) He asked me whether I would give him five rupees if I found his answers satisfactory.

(b) The astrologer asked whether he was right in saying that I had been left for dead. 

(c) Guru Nayak exclaimed that he would have been dead unless some passerby had chanced to peep into the well. 

(d) He asked her whether she knew that a great load was gone from him that day.

3.

What do you think are the benefits of a group discussion?

Answer»

(a) A Group Discussion allows the participants to share their views and opinions. 

(b) It allows each participant to analyze the topic or case. 

(c) A Group Discussion allows the participants to reach a general consensus.

4.

Match the following: Discuss Give special importance or value to something in speaking or writing. Argue Say something again, a number of times Deliberate Express opposite views in a heated or angry way. Reiterate Engage in long and careful consideration. Emphasize To talk about a subject with someone and tell each other your ideas and opinions.

Answer»
 Discuss To talk about a subject with someone and tell each other your ideas and opinions.
 Argue Express opposite views in a heated or angry way.
 Deliberate Engage in long and careful consideration.
 Reiterate Say something again, a number of times.
 Emphasize Give special importance or value to something in speaking or writing.
5.

Rama, Asif, Rachana and Aarav are participating in a group discussion. The evaluator has given them a topic. ‘Teenagers are more inclined towards junk food nowadays.’ Write suitable dialogues for each participant giving his/her opinion on the topic. Evaluator: You’ve all been given a few minutes to think on your topic for today’s group discussion, which is ‘Teenagers are more inclined towards junk food.’ You may now begin the discussion. Who would like to start?Rama: ………. .Asif: ……….. .Aarav: ……….Rachana: ………Evaluator: Please conclude. Aarav: ………

Answer»

Rachana: It seems to me that Rama made a valid point. Teenagers world over are inclined towards junk food and it poses a great threat. I suggest the teenagers change their food habit and resort more to healthy snacks. Our tradition offers a wide variety of such snacks. 

Evaluator: Please conclude.

 Aarav: We can conclude by saying that our teenagers are inclined to junk food. They must change their food habit. It is high time they switched to healthy snacks. We need healthy citizens to take our country forward.

6.

Do you think some people are right and some are wrong in a group discussion? Why?

Answer»

Yes, I do think so. Generally, we hold a view on a topic or a situation. This view is either strengthened or weakened by the ongoing arguments in a Group Discussion. Due to j confirmation bias, we tend to think that the participants who strengthen our views j are right. Similarly, we think of those who go against our views are wrong. (The ideal situation is that we keep an open mind and assess each argument on its own merit but this is easier said than done.)

7.

There is an inter-school cricket match and your school is losing. As you are the captain, have a group discussion with your teammates in the tea-break about the strategy to be followed to save your school from losing the match. Give at least four /five suggestions.

Answer»
  • Captain: See, we must break this partnership anyhow. Both the batsmen appear very much settled and they are hitting all over the place. 
  • Spinner: The pitch doesn’t support many turns. I suggest we bring back the fast bowlers. 
  • Captain: You have a point there. What we need most now is a wicket. Right now. Otherwise, the game is as good as lost. 
  • Fast bowler (1): I agree that we resume pace bowling. But remember: it’s a gamble. I think I will need a slip-in position. I will attack, outside the off stump. Hope I get the right line. 
  • Captain: What do you think, Sonu?
  • Sonu (Fast bowler) (2): Okay then. I will take up from the pavilion end. Think the wind is in favour.
  • Captain: Attempt yorkers. 
  • Sonu: Sure. I suggest you keep a deep third man.
  • Captain: Done. Now, guys-no sloppy fielding-no dropped catches. And nothing short of a win. (All go into a huddle.)
8.

Expand the idea inherent in the following:1. Make hay while the sun shines2. Prevention is better than cure.

Answer»

1. Make hay while the sun shines

Hay making, that is the process of cutting and drying grass, must be done while the sun shines. Rain would spoil everything and the farmer knows it well. In other words, we should make the best use of opportunities and favourable conditions while they last.

When life presents opportunities, we must seize them and not let them go. Everyone in their lifetime gets a chance to move ahead in life. If we miss that opportunity, it may never come our way again. We will live all our life to regret the missed chance. In short, we should seize the chance while it exists. We must always be alert to notice the opportune moment. Grab it and move further in life. To put it in another way : “We must strike while the iron is hot”.

3. Prevention is better than cure

The proverb stresses the need for foresight and precaution in dealing with any possible eventuality in life. We often ignore the signs of trouble and when the trouble finally, occurs, we regret our neglect.

We must make it a practice to guard ourselves against diseases by taking adequate preventive measures. This will save us the trouble of undergoing costly treatments. Strangely, certain epidemics offer no cure or vaccine for a long time, then prevention becomes the only option before us. Wearing of masks, keeping social distance and maintaining hand-hygiene are the only ways to save us from such a threatening situation.

Metaphorically, the idea can be extended to fields other than disease and medicine. Proper maintenance of machines, roads and bridges can prevent their deterioration and thus forestall disaster. At the political and economical level too, many problems that we face today would not have existed had the authorities acted promptly, firmly and boldly at the very start.