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Human efficiency is best at 40% relative humidity. More or less humidity creates uneasiness of humidity and dryness.

Condensation nuclei — Condensation nuclei is the base around which moisture is gathered and converts into a drop of water, e.g. the dust particles present in the atmosphere make the base of condensation form.

Cyclonic rainfall is provided by the cyclones created in tropical and temperate regions along the air mass fronts, where warm and cold air meet together and the warm air is encircled by the cold air resulting in circular wind systems. The tropical cyclones provide heavy rainfall for a few days, but temperate cyclones provide light rainfall or drizzling for a long period.

Due to excessive heat the evaporation takes place in fast speed, and in every afternoon rainfall occurs after heavy cloud formation by convection process. So the sky mostly remains overcast with clouds.

When the water vapour converts into the water droplets floating in the air, the clouds are formed. Main types of clouds are Cirrus, Cumulus, Altus and Stratus.

Relief Rainfall – It occurs from the cooling of warm moist air which ascends above the mountain barrier lying in the direction of the prevailing winds. 

Cyclonic or Frontal Rainfall – It occurs when warm and cold air masses confront each other, the warmer air generally climbs above the colder air. 

Convectional Rainfall – Ascending currents of hot and humid air causes condensation of the clouds, resulting in heavy rainfall.

The continental interiors in the sub-tropical regions get rainfall only in summer, e.g. Mangolia, Tibet etc.

Equatorials and coastal areas of monsoon countries get maximum rainfall, more than 200 cm, sub-tropical areas get moderate rainfall 100-200 cm, and the least rainfall areas are Hot and cold deserts getting nearly 25 cm.

Equatorial region and monsoon tropical region get highest rainfall. Highest rainfall is recorded in Cherrapunji and Mawsynram (1080 cm) in the world.

The windward sides of mountainous slopes get ample rainfall by striking with the rain bearing winds first, while the leeward sides cannot get sufficient rainfall due to being on other side where the winds become almost dry due to imparting rainfall in windward due to loss of major part of moisture and water drops.

Four chief forms of condensation are clouds, fog, mist and dew droplets.

Condensation takes place upto the dew-point comes, but after it precipitation starts due to water-droplets converted into water drops. So, condensation and precipitation are different processes occurring in different conditions and temperature episodes.

(a) Precipitation — It is process by which condensation in different forms falling on the ground e.g. rainfall, snowfall, drizzle, sleet and hail etc. 

(b) Evaporation — It is the process of converting water into water droplets and vapour. 

(c) Condensation — It is the process of converting the water- droplets into water. 

(d) Humidity — It is the amount of moisture present in the atmospheric air. 

(e) Latent heat — It is the unseen heat absorbed by the atmospheric air to form vapour after reaching boiling point of 100°C of water.