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Deep sea plains account for about 82.7% of the total area of the ocean floor.

(b) decreases

Electric salinity meter

El Nino wind is beneficial to India

The Pacific coast of North America affected by the warm Kurosio current are the famous fishing grounds of salmon fish mainly shared by Canada.

B) Hudson Bay

(C) Baltic sea

D) The Pacific

B) Baltic Sea

C) Deep Sea plains

(A) Condensation

B) Panthalsa

Millions of years ago, oceans were combined together. The single super ocean was known as ‘Panthalsa’.

Lines drawn the map to show the places having some depth in the sea or ocean floor. 

The maps depicting the surface configuration of the ocean floor are called Bathhyorographical maps.

It is the curve representing the extent of the area, height and depths of the land as well as oceans. 

The average depth of the oceans 3600 meters.

Ocean deep is the deepest part of the oceans.

Condensation: Forming tiny droplets and clouds from water vapor is called condensation.

Precipitation: Transporting water from the atmosphere in the form of rain, sleet or snow, is called precipitation

Odd one – (c)

Except salination, remaining all belong to the water cycle.

Sea waves are ripples on water caused when winds blow over the sea. The height of these waves depends on the speed of wind, its duration and the direction from which they blow.

Evaporation and precipitation are the major determining factors of salinity of ocean water.

The average salinity of the ocean water is 35 ppt (parts per thousand) means 35 gms of salt per 1000 grams of sea or ocean water. 

Isohalines are the liens drawn on the map to show the places having the same amount of salinity.

The regular and periodic fall and rise of the ocean water is called tides. The rising of water level is known as high tide or flood tide. The falling of water level is known as low tide or ebb tide. The difference between the high tide and low tide is called tidal range or range of tide.

Types of Tides:

There are different types of tides. The important types of tides are as follows:

1. Spring tides: Spring tides occur when the earth, sun and moon are more or less in a straight line. This happens on a full moon day. When the earth is between the sun and the moon or on a new moon day, when the moon is between the sun and the earth. The combined pull of the sun and moon on the earth is very great, and it produces very high tides and very low tides. Such tides are called spring tides.

2. Neap Tides: When the earth, sun and moon are not in a straight line, the sun and the moon are not exerting combined force. 

3. So, the gravitational pull is much less. At half moon, the force exerted is the minimum. On the ocean water. Consequently the high tides are not very high and the low tides are not very low. They are called “Neap tides”.

1. 100 fathoms

2. 6 ft

3. The challenger deep

4. 35 PPT

5. Spring

Highest temperature is in Red sea.

B) 2 and 3 only

B) Ice and snow

The highest temperature Red sea is 38°C

0.26% of the total amount of fresh water on the earth is in lakes, reservoirs and river systems.

A) The Atlantic ocean

C) Hydrological cycle

Oceanic water movement is affected by the rotation of the earth e.g. earth’s movement from west to east compels water to move from east to west as North and South equatorial current along with a contour equatorial current. Secondly, the direction of planetary winds motivates currents as the trade winds push forcefully towards polewards and afterwards by the Westerlies towards North East as warm currents touching North American eastern and European Western coast. Thirdly, the level of salinity makes the water to move less saline water to move saline water.

Tides are the rise and fall of sea water due to gravitational forces of the sun and the moon. Tides are mainly caused by the centrifugal and centripetal forces of the earth and the moon.

The UNO has passed the sea convention Law in 1982.

On account of the continuous rotation of the earth and revolution of the moon around the earth, whenever the moon comes in the front of the earth, tide takes place at an interval of 24 hours and 52 minutes and at the same time on the opposite side of the earth the interval is of 12 hours and 26 minutes.

United nation conservation on Law of the Sea.

It is in Japan. It is the example of marine pollution due to the effects of industries located on the bank of Minamata bay in Japan. 

When the gravitational forces of the sun and the moon work together to attract the earth due to being in a straight line, high tides or Spring tides are caused. When the sun and the moon are in right angle with respect to the earth, Neap tides or low tides are caused.

Neap tides are occur when the earth, sun and moon are not in straight line. The sun and moon are not exerting, sun and moon are more or less in a straight line.

The regular rise and fall of water level in the world’s sea and oceans is called ‘tides’.

The different types of inward and outward movement of water are known as Tidal current.

Bombay  high

The tides which occur when the earth, sun and moon are more or less in a straight line.

The opposite part of the earth experience lowest water lends called low tide or Ebb tide.

The time between successive-high tide and low tide is known as ‘Tidal period’.

Tides are universal and are an every day activity on the water bodies. Generally 4 tides are observed in a day. Whenever the sea level rises it is called ‘High tide’or ‘flood tide’and when the sea level falls it is known as Tow tide’ or ‘ebb tide’.

The part of the earth facing the moon experience highest rise of sea water called high tide.