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(d) Joystick

0,1 are two symbols used by the binary system.

(a) Universal Serial Bus

(b) Arithmetic Logic Unit

Hard Disk Structure: 

As with floppy disks, each platter is divided into thin concentric bands known as tracks. There can be more than a thousand tracks on a 3.5 inch hard disk. The tracks are further subdivided into sectors. These are the smallest physical storage unit on a disk and they are almost always 512 bytes long.

A group of tracks which have the same track number, but are on different platters, is sometimes referred to as a cylinder, but this term is no longer widely used.

Tracks are created when the disk is initially formatted. There are normally 1024 tracks on a hard disk, numbered from 0 (at the edge of the disk) to 1023 (near the centre).

One obvious problem with this structure is that the tracks near the centre are shorter than those near the edge of the disk. To compensate for this, they are more densely populated with data, meaning that the same amount of data can be written or read over the same period of time, irrespective of the drive head position.

One side of the first platter has space reserved for hardware-based track-positioning information which is not available to the operating system. This data is written to the disk during assembly and is used by the disk controller to position the drive heads correctly. We have already noted that a sector is the smallest physical storage unit on the disk and is usually 512 bytes long. Files should ideally be stored in a single contiguous area of disk space. Since most files are longer than 512 bytes, the file system must allocate the number of sectors required to store the file, eg: a 640 byte file would require two sectors. If additional data is appended to the file later , further sectors can be allocated.

The type of ROM which can have its contents erased by ultraviolet light is called EEPROM.

ROM stores a set of instructions called BIOS.

The diameter of the standard CD is 120 mm.

(a) Random Access Memory

PROM is used as an internal memory.

(a) Optical Character Reader

Laser printer uses a beam of laser for printing.

VDU is an output device.

(b) 10,48,576

(a) Magnetic Ink Character Reader

A group of 8 bits is called Byte .

(d) Dot matrix

The data stored in ROM is lost when the computer power is turned off.

The keyboard does not consist of Mouse.

(a) Magnetic Code

One kilobyte is equal to bytes 1024.

Keyboard is an input device, it is one of the important components of a computer. It looks like a typewriter. Besides the normal alphabet keys, it also has a numeric keypad located to its right.

(c) Banking works

Dot matrix is a type of Printer.

A computer stores data internally in the form of ASCII numbers.

(a) Double click

Plotter is not an input device.

(c) Binary digits

Mouse is an input device.

CPU is a physical device that controls computer operations. It is the brain of the computer system and helps run programs by using various instructions. All the operations related to searching, sorting, calculating, and decision making take place in the CPU.

ALU stores data that is required by the CPU.

The special high speed memory which stores frequently used instructions so that a CPU can access them quickly is called Cache.

Optical mouse uses Light-Emitting Diode (led) to detect the movement of cursor on the screen.

Plotters are used to produce high quality graphics, charts and visuals on paper or polyester films. They are vector based. They are used to draw lines and graphics. They are used for graphical applications like Computer Aided Designing(CAD) and for printing maps and drawings.

(c) Binary form

(a) Brain of the computer

The control unit co-ordinates and controls all the other parts of the computer system. It controls and guides the flow and maintenance of data.

(b)  Plotters

(a) Optical mouse

The smallest unit of memory is Bit.

(c) Keyboard

The memory which is programmed at the time of manufacturing and cannot be modified later is called PROM.

(a)  Keyboard

(b) Millions of Instructions Per Second

(b) Graphic Designer

(b) Impact printing

(b) 10 bar per second

DDR memory requires less power and has a great speed. It is majorly used in Intel Pentium 4 systems.

RAM is called volatile memory.

Plotter is not a storage device.