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In India, the legal procedure is time-consuming and expensive. As an alternative, the Government has set up other forms of legal institutions which function faster and are less expensive. These institutions came into existence in 1985. One of them is Lok Adalat. It takes up cases from parties who mutually agree to settle the cases amicably. Cases which have not yet been disposed of by the other courts or the High Court can be settled by the Lok Adalats. The judgements given by the Lok Adalats are final and binding on both the parties and appeals cannot be filed against them.

There are Revenue courts in every district. They take up cases related to land tax, land records, etc. 

Revenue Courts comprise the following courts:

1. Tahasildar Court : The Tahasildar Court is the lowest court among the Revenue courts and the Tahasildar is its judge. This court is also known as Taluk Magistrate Court. 

2. istrict Sub-divisional Officer’s Court: The Assistant Commissioner is the judge in this court. This court takes up appeals against the decisions and judgements of Tahasildar courts. 

3. District Revenue Court or District Magistrate Court : Existing in every district, this court takes up appeals against the judgements given by the Tahasildar court or the District Subdivisional Officer’s court. The Deputy Commissioner is its judge.

4. Commissioner’s Court : This court takes up appeals against the judgements of the district magistrate courts. The Divisional Officer is its judge.

Criminal courts are also known as District Magistrate courts. They function under the High Court. The highest criminal court at the district level is the Sessions court, “the district judge performs the function of a judge of this court too. The court takes up crimes like murder, robbery, dacoity, etc. It has the powers to issue death sentences and also life imprisonment sentences. However, such sentences will have to be ratified by the High Court. Similarly, an appeal may be made to the High Court against the judgements given by the criminal court.

The subordinate courts under the District Court : 

1. Court of Subordinate Judges, 

2. Court of Additional Subordinate Judges 

3. Court of Munciffs. 

4. Court of Additional Munciffs.

1. January 28, 1950.

2. 62 years

3. President.

4. Revenue Secretary.

5. Functions of the Supreme Court :

Functions and Powers: 

1. Original Powers : Resolving the disputes between the Union and the States, and between the States. 

2. Appellate Powers : Citizens may file cases in the Supreme Court against the judgements given in the lower Courts. 

3. Advisory Powers : The Supreme Court may advise the President when he seeks its opinion on important public issues. In addition to the above - mentioned functions, the Supreme Court serves as a Court of records. Chief Advisor to the Centre and States and has the power to issue special writs.