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The river which flows through the shorter route leaving the curve of the meander cut off and, crescent-shaped lake is formed known as‘Ox-bow lakes’.

The wearing away of the surface of the earth by natural agents is known as denudation.

A curve or loop in the course of a river channel is called river meander. The bends in the river are called meanders.

Mining is a type of Biological weathering. 

The beds or sides of the river are scattered or cut with the help of the load that the river carries. Thus the valleys are deepened or widened. This is called abrasion.

The place where the river reaches its end or sea is called the mouth of the river.

Large landmass is uplifted by various internal forces of the earth, the subaerial agents begin to wear and reshape it. It is known as Sculpturing of the earth’s surface.

Block disintegration is a type of mechanical weathering.

Natural embankments built up by a river along the edge of its channels are known as natural levees. These are formed during floods.

This is mechanical action done by running waster by wasting away the loose rock material which is disintegrated due to weathering. This process is called hydraulic action

The place where a tributary river joins the main river or another river is called confluence.

The place of its origin of the river is called a source of the river

River, glacier, underground water, winds, sea waves are the major agents of denudation.

Oxidation, Carbonization, Hydration and solution are the major types of chemical weathering.

Erosion: Erosion is the wearing away of the land surface. It is faster, if the slope is steep, the volume of Water is more. The speed of the flow is great and the rocks are soft. The erosion work of river consists of four actions. Hydraulic, abrasion, attrition on and solution. 

The path of the river in which it flows from its source to its mouth is called Course of the River.’

The process of wearing and taking away the part of rock is known as ‘Erosion’.

River denudation is formed v shaped valleys.

Rivers transport rock pieces form one placed to another. This is known as transportation. The rock materials carried by the river from the upper course to the lower course are called the load of the river. Steep slopes and larger volume of water help the transportation of the load. The river caries its load in four different ways. They are: flotation and siltation, suspension, solution and traction.

The process of disintegration and decomposition of rocks is known as “Weathering”. Temperature, pressure, rainfall, frost, wind, plants, animals, and human beings are responsible for weathering.

The roots of the plant grow through soil and in the cracks of rocks to find water and minerals. As the roots grow deep in the rock they widen and disintegrate the rocks. The burrowing animals like rats, rabbits, ants influence in the braking up of rocks. The human activities on the earth surface like mining, agriculture, quarrying, and deforestation rocks are disintegrated on a large scale.

It is the region from which a river or stream receives water from different sources.

Youth stage, mature stage and old stage are the three stages of a river course.

Erosion, transportation and deposition are the three stages of denudation.

Small fragments of rocks move downward by leaping and jumping along the bed of a river. This work is known siltation.