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251.	How is food transported in plants?
Answer» Phloem transports food meterials from the leaves to different parts of the plant. The transportation of food in phloem is achieved by utilizing energy from ATP which helps in creating osmotic pressure that transport food from the area of high concentration to low concentration.

252.	How is oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in human beings?
Answer» In human beings, oxygen is carried from the lungs by the respiratory pigment haemoglobin which is present in red blood corpuscles. Haemoglobin has a very high affinity for oxygen. Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than oxygen. So, most of the carbon dioxide produced during respiration in the human body is transported in the dissolved form in our blood.

253.	Why do veins have thin walls as compared to arteries ?
Answer» Arteries are thick walled blood vessels which carry blood from heart to all parts of body. They have thick walls bacause blood emerges from the heart under high pressure. In comparison , veins are thin walled blood vessels which carry deoxygenated blood from all parts of the body back to the heart. They do not need thick walls because blood flowing through them is no longer under high pressure. Instead ,they valves which prevent the backflow of blood

254.	In which of the groups of organisms the food material is broken down outside the body and then absorbed ?A. Mushroom , green plants , AmoebaB. Yeast, mushroom mouldC. Paramecium ,Amoeba, CuscutaD. Cuscuta, lice,tapeworm
Answer» Correct Answer - b Yeast, mushroom and bread mould are saprophytes They break down and convert complex organic molecules present in dead and dead and decaying matter into simpler substances outside their body. These simpler substances are then absorbed by them, (i.e., saprotrophic nutrition). Green plants are authrophic (make their own food through photosynthesis). Amoeba and Paramecium are holozoic (take solid or organic food and Cuscuta, lice, tapeworm are parasitic (live on food material obtained from the body of host).

255.	Select the correct statementA. Heterotrophs do not synthesise their own foodB. Heterotrophs utilise solar energy for photosynthesisC. Heterotrophs synthesis their own foodD. Heterotrophs are capable of converting carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates
Answer» Correct Answer - a Heterotrophs are those organisms which cannot make their own food from inorganic substances like `CO_(2)` and water as they do not have chlorophyll to trap solar energy, e.g., all animals, most bacteria and fungi. They depend on other organisms for their food. Autotrophs aynthesise their own food through photosynthesis by utilising solar energy . e.g., green plants.

256.	The component of blood which makes chemicals known as antibodies is :A. plateletsB. white blood cellC. red blood cellsD. plasma
Answer» Correct Answer - B

257.	The substances formed by specific chemical bond between fatty acids and alcohol are called as ___________.
Answer» Correct Answer - lipids

258.	An animals in which the oxygenation of blood does not take place in the lungs is :A. cowB. fishC. frogD. fox
Answer» Correct Answer - B

259.	Which of the following carries substances upwards as well as downwards in a plant ?A. xylemB. companison cellsC. phloemD. tracheids
Answer» Correct Answer - C

260.	One of the following is not a constituent of blood. This one is:A. red blood cellB. white blood cellC. sieve platesD. platelets
Answer» Correct Answer - C

261.	In cockroaches, air enters the body through:A. lungsB. gillsC. spiraclesD. skin
Answer» Correct Answer - C

262.	Which of the following is most likely to have a much higher breathing rate ?A. manB. fishC. dogD. sparrow
Answer» Correct Answer - B

263.	If a patient is put on dialysis, he is most likely surffering from a severe ailment of theA. circulatory systemB. respiratory systemC. excretory systemD. digestive system
Answer» Correct Answer - C

264.	Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps among cricketers. This results due toA. conversion of pyruvate to ethanolB. conversion of pyruvate to glucoseC. non - conversion of glucose to pyruvateD. conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid
Answer» Correct Answer - d Lactic acid produced in the muscle from the metabolism of carbohydrate in the cells . When muscles work hard (as during the time of exercise), the ament of `O_(2)` needded is used during energy production . Thus `O_(2)` lacks in the muscles. This results to another process called anauobic metabolism. The product of this process of obtaining energy by anaerobically is lactic acid which is build up in muscles and caused pain. However , lactic acid produced helps in healing process actually.

265.	What criteria do we use to decide whether something is alive?
Answer» We can decide whether something is alive (or living) by using the following characteristics of livings things : (i) Living things can move by themselves. (ii) Living things need food, air and water. (iii) Living things can grow (iv) Living things can respond to changes around them. They are sensitive. (v) Living things respire (release energy from food). (vi) Living things excrete (get rid of waste materials from their body). (vii) Living things can reproduce. They can have young ones.

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