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1.	The pH range most conductive for life of freshwater plants and animals isA. 6.5-7.5B. 2.0-3.5C. 3.5-5.0D. 9.0-10.5
Answer» Correct Answer - A The pH of water body should be in the range of 6.5-7.5 for the survival of freshwater plants and animals. Below and above this range is harmful for the aquatic life.

2.	Although coal and petroleum are produced by degradation of bio-mass, yet we need to conserve them. Why?
Answer» Coal and petroleum were formed from the degradation of bio-mass millions of years ago. As these resources are being utilised at a much faster rate than their formation, they will be exhausted in the near future. And then we would need to look for alternative sources of energy. This is the reason why we need to conserve them, although these resources are produced by degradation of bio-mass.

3.	What is the importance of forest as a resource?
Answer» Forest are renewable natural resource. They are important as a resource due to following reasons. (i) Provide habital, food and protection to wildlife. (ii) Help in balancing `CO_(2)` and `O_(2)` of atmosphere. (iii) Improves water holding capacity of soil. (iv) Regulates water cycle. (v) For human, beings, they are the source of various essential commodities like fuel, wood, timber, fruits, resins, etc. (vi) Forest helps in conservation of biodiversity as a large number of species (of plants and animals) live inside them.

4.	What would be the advantages of exploiting resources with short-term aims?
Answer» If the resources are exploited to the hilt with short-term aims, then the present generation will benefit too much. For example, the exploitation of reasources with short-term aims would provide more than sufficient food, water, and energy to all the people in the present generation.

5.	I. Locate and name the water reservoirs in figures (a) and (b). II. Which has an advantage over the other and why?
Answer» I. The water reservoir is a pond in fig. (a) and undergroung water body in fig. (b) i.e., underground water body has more advantage over fig. (a) and water reservoir, II. There are many advantages of water stored in the ground. Some of these are (i) It does not evaporate. (ii) It spreads out to recharge wells and provides moisture for crops over a wide area. (iii) It does not promote breeding of mosquitoes (unlike stagnant water collected in ponds etc). (iv) It is free from contamination by human and animal wastes. (v) It is utilised for the benefit of local population.

6.	What changes can you make in your habits to become more environment- friendly?
Answer» We can make the following changes in our habits to become more environment friendly : (i) Switch off the lights, fans, TV, geyser and other electrical appliances when not needed. (ii) Stop using polythene bags and start using bags made of cloth or jute. (iii) Start going to nearby school on bicycle instead of asking parents to drop us on scooter or car. (iv) Stop using any products made of animal skin, fur or ivory. (v) Collect used articles made of paper, plastic, glass and metals, and send them for recycling.

7.	Select the eco-friendly activity among the followingA. Using car for transporationB. Using polybags for shoppingC. Using dyes for colouring clothesD. Using windmills to generate power for irrigation
Answer» Correct Answer - D Wind is a renewable source of energy. So, using windmills to generate power for irrigation is a eco-friendly activity. Car uses petrol or diesel that is non-renewable. Dyes are synthetic chemical compounds and polybags are non-biodegradable. So, these three are not eco-friendly activities.

8.	The use of one of the following is eco-friendly. This one is :A. cars for transportationB. polybags for shoppingC. windmills for generating powerD. dyes for colouring clothes
Answer» Correct Answer - C