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251.

Diagonal grain is a defect formed due to improper:(a) Sawing(b) Felling(c) Seasoning(d) HandlingThe question was asked in quiz.Question is taken from Defects and Preservation of Timber in division Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct choice is (a) Sawing

For EXPLANATION: Diagonal grain is CAUSED due to improper sawing of timber.It is indicated by diagonal MARKS on straight grained surface of the timber.

252.

Trees are generally classified, based on the mode of growth into:(a) 2(b) 6(c) 4(d) 3I had been asked this question during an online interview.This is a very interesting question from Classification of Timber topic in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct choice is (a) 2

The explanation is: The TWO types are endogenous (INWARD GROWTH) and exogenous (OUTWARD growth).

253.

Which of the following is matched properly?(a) Ribbon mixer-helical vanes(b) Shell mixer-revolving plows(c) Intensive mixer-two cylinders joined into a V(d) Pack mixer-uses waterI had been asked this question in final exam.My question is taken from Manufacture of Tiles topic in division Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer» CORRECT choice is (a) RIBBON mixer-helical vanes

The explanation: These are used for mixing the batched raw material.Shell mixer is the one that consists of 2 CYLINDERS joined into a V.Intensive mixer uses RAPIDLY REVOLVING plows.
254.

Creep test is carried out in accordance with:(a) IS 1528(b) IS 5688(c) IS 3495(d) IS 4568This question was posed to me during an interview for a job.Query is from Tests on Bricks topic in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Right answer is (a) IS 1528

To explain I would say: Creep test is done to CHECK percent of SHRINKAGE of REFRACTORY test piece under constant load.The SPECIFICATIONS for this test are GIVEN in IS 1528.

255.

Burnt bricks can be further classified into how many types?(a) 2(b) 4(c) 3(d) 5The question was posed to me in semester exam.This is a very interesting question from Types of Bricks in division Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

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The correct option is (b) 4

For explanation: There can be 4 sub-divisions of BURNT bricks.They are FIRST CLASS, second class, third class and kiln REJECTED bricks.

256.

Which of the following is not a chemical change that takes place in the brick earth during burning?(a) Dehydration(b) Vitrification(c) Oxidation(d) ReductionThe question was asked during an online interview.Question is taken from Manufacture of Brick in section Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Correct choice is (d) REDUCTION

Explanation: During BURNING, no reduction reaction takes place.Dehydration EXPELS most of the water.Oxidation RESULTS in the elimination of carbon and sulphur as oxides.Vitrification is extreme reaction and OCCURS when heating above 900^oc.

257.

What is the harmful effect of presents of alkali in brick earth on bricks?(a) Discolourises bricks(b) Efflorescence(c) Porous bricks(d) FlakingI had been asked this question in quiz.I'm obligated to ask this question of Composition of Good Brick Earth in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct answer is (b) Efflorescence

The explanation is: ALKALI EXISTS in the form of soda and potash.Alkalis ABSORB moisture and with a passage of time, it gets evaporated, leaving white powdery DEPOSITS CALLED efflorescence.

258.

The meaning of slop moulded bricks is:(a) Sand sprinkled inside mould(b) Insufficiently moulded bricks(c) Brittle and slimy bricks(d) Mould dipped in waterThe question was posed to me in an international level competition.This is a very interesting question from Manufacture of Brick in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

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Right answer is (d) Mould DIPPED in water

To EXPLAIN: To avoid clay from sticking on the mould, EITHER sand is SPRINKLED (sand MOULDED bricks) or mould is dipped in water (slop moulded bricks).

259.

How many constituents are there in the brick earth?(a) 5(b) 4(c) 6(d) 8This question was addressed to me in final exam.My question is taken from Composition of Good Brick Earth topic in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Right option is (a) 5

The BEST I can explain: For a good brick earth, 5 MAJOR constituents are needed.They are alumina, silica, LIME, oxides of iron and MAGNESIA.

260.

How many types of cement are there based on the ability to set in presence of water?(a) 2(b) 3(c) 4(d) 5This question was posed to me during an internship interview.This intriguing question originated from Types of Cement and Uses in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Correct ANSWER is (a) 2

For explanation I would say: The 2 types are hydraulic and non-hydraulic cement.Hydraulic cement SETS and BECOMES ADHESIVE due to REACTION with water.Non-hydraulic cement does not set under-water or in wet conditions.

261.

How much does a bag of cement weigh?(a) 1 kg(b) 25 kg(c) 50 kg(d) 35 kgThe question was asked in an online quiz.My doubt stems from Manufacture of Cement in section Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct answer is (c) 50 kg

The explanation is: The WEIGHT of one BAG of cement is 50 kg everywhere.It is the STANDARD measurement.In the MANUFACTURING unit of cement, it is PACKED in bags of 50kg.

262.

In which feed type kiln, limestone does not come in contact with fuel?(a) Single feed(b) Isolated feed(c) Separate feed(d) Mixed feedThe question was asked by my college professor while I was bunking the class.My question is taken from Calcination and Slaking of Lime topic in division Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (c) SEPARATE FEED

Easy explanation: There are only 2 feed types of kiln – namely mixed and separate.In mixed feed type, fuel and LIMESTONE are mixed together during burning.

263.

The temperature at which standard Gibbs free energy is zero for calcination reaction is called:(a) Absolute temperature(b) Negative temperature(c) Transition temperature(d) Thermal decomposition temperatureI had been asked this question by my college professor while I was bunking the class.This is a very interesting question from Calcination and Slaking of Lime in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (d) Thermal decomposition temperature

Best explanation: Transition temperature is for phase transitions.ABSOLUTE temperature is MEASURED relative to absolute zero.Negative temperature is the ONE measured below zero.

264.

Sand in mortar helps in adjusting the strength requirements:(a) True(b) FalseThe question was asked in quiz.Query is from Properties of Sand topic in section Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (a) True

The explanation is: The grade and amount of SANE used in MAKING mortar HELP in adjusting the strength parameter.It also helps in INCREASING resistance against crushing.

265.

At what depth should pit sand be excavated from?(a) 1 – 2 m from bed of water body(b) 1 – 2 m from ground surface(c) 1 – 2 cm from bed of water body(d) 1 – 2 cm from ground surfaceI have been asked this question in a national level competition.My doubt stems from Source and Classification of Sand topic in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct option is (b) 1 – 2 m from GROUND surface

The best explanation: Pit sand is found in Earth in deposits. It is OBTAINED by forming pits in the SOIL. At a DEPTH of 1 – 2 m from the ground surface, ANGULAR grained pit sand is obtained.

266.

What effect does bulking have on fresh concrete?(a) Strength reduces(b) Shrinkage increases(c) Volume reduces(d) Workability increasesThis question was addressed to me in unit test.My doubt stems from Bulking of Sand topic in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Right choice is (d) Workability increases

To ELABORATE: The excess water in the sand can be USED to maintain water-cement ratio.It IMPROVES workability and hence it is easier to place fresh concrete.Strength is a PROPERTY of HARDENED concrete.

267.

Which one of the following is not an advantage of using M-sand?(a) Cost effective(b) Available in single size(c) Dust and impurity free(d) Can be obtained from hard rockThe question was asked in class test.This question is from Source and Classification of Sand in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

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The CORRECT ANSWER is (b) Available in single size

To explain I would say: M-sand is obtained by CRUSHING specific hard rock and since it’s manufactured in factories, any size can be manufactured depending on the need.

268.

Which of the following sand type is excellent for use in mortar and concrete work?(a) Sea sand(b) Clayey sand(c) Pit sand(d) River sandI got this question in quiz.My question is taken from Source and Classification of Sand in division Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

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Right OPTION is (c) Pit sand

Best explanation: Pit sand doesn’t contain any SALTS and has sharp, angular grains. These are the DESIRED properties for a sand to be USED for mortar and concrete.

269.

What is the Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) of PVC?(a) 45 or more(b) 20 or more(c) 45 or less(d) 20 or lessThe question was posed to me in class test.My question is taken from PVC topic in section Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Correct answer is (a) 45 or more

Best explanation: LIMITING Oxygen Index is a minimum CONCENTRATION of oxygen that will support COMBUSTION of a polymer. It is expressed as a percentage.PVC has good flame retardancy.Air has 20% oxygen, PVC has LOI of 45% or more.

270.

The aggregate sample for the sieve analysis is placed on:(a) Largest sieve(b) Smallest sieve(c) 40mm IS sieve(d) 4.75mm IS sieveThe question was posed to me in a job interview.The question is from Sieve Analysis in division Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

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The CORRECT answer is (a) Largest SIEVE

The explanation: Only if the SAMPLE is placed on largest sieve size, it can be sorted, according to each SMALLER sieve size below.

271.

In crushing test on coarse aggregates, what size particle is taken as a sample?(a) Passing 12.5mm IS sieve(b) Retained on 10mm IS sieve(c) Passing 10mm and retained on 4.75mm IS sieve(d) Passing 12.5mm and retained on 10mm IS sieveI had been asked this question in homework.My question is from Coarse Aggregates topic in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

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The correct choice is (d) Passing 12.5mm and RETAINED on 10MM IS sieve

Explanation: As per IS code 383, the sample should contain those aggregates which PASS through 12.5mm sieve and are retained on 10mm IS sieve.

272.

PGBS stands for:(a) Perfectly Graded Blast furnace Slag(b) Pre-Grinded Blast furnace Slag(c) Poly Granule Blast furnace Slag(d) Processed Granulated Blast furnace SlagThis question was addressed to me by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.Enquiry is from Fine Aggregates topic in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

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Correct CHOICE is (d) PROCESSED Granulated Blast furnace Slag

To EXPLAIN: It is OBTAINED by processing the waste by-product from the IRON industry.It is now being used as an alternative to river sand.

273.

The base in a paint does not serve the function of:(a) Durability(b) Hard and elastic(c) Protection against UV rays(d) CatalystI have been asked this question in semester exam.Question is from Characteristics and Ingredients of Paint topic in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer» RIGHT ANSWER is (d) Catalyst

Easy explanation: There are CERTAIN components called DRIERS in the paint.They act as CATALYSTS.
274.

Fine Aggregates should pass through which IS sieve?(a) 2.35mm(b) 45µ(c) 4.75mm(d) 75µThis question was posed to me in examination.This intriguing question comes from Fine Aggregates topic in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer» CORRECT answer is (c) 4.75mm

The best explanation: 4.75mm IS sieve is the AGGREGATE size deciding sieve.Anything retained on sieve is COARSE aggregate and the ones that PASS through sieve are FINE aggregates.
275.

Secondary crushing of small lumps of clay to particles is carried out in:(a) Jaw crusher(b) Ball mill(c) Muller mill(d) Gyratory crusherI got this question by my school principal while I was bunking the class.Origin of the question is Manufacture of Tiles in section Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer» CORRECT option is (c) Muller mill

For explanation: Primary crushing of CLAY to small LUMPS is carried out in JAW crusher or GYRATORY crusher.A third particle reduction is carried out using ball mill.
276.

Debarking is done so as to:(a) Safeguard saws(b) Improve seasoning(c) Expose surface of wood(d) Reduce weightI got this question during a job interview.Origin of the question is Manufacture of Timber topic in division Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Right choice is (a) Safeguard SAWS

The best I can explain: Debarking is now being adopted widely.It safeguards saws and equipment from damage that WOULD OTHERWISE result from STONES, metals, etc. present in the bark.

277.

Which method of application of preservative is suitable for moist timber?(a) Pressure application(b) Brushing and spraying(c) Soaking(d) Hot and cold tank treatmentThis question was addressed to me during an interview.My query is from Defects and Preservation of Timber topic in section Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct option is (a) Pressure application

For explanation: Timber is PLACED in air TIGHT CYLINDER, vacuum is created and maintained till air BUBBLES are destroyed.Preservative is then pumped into the air tight cylinder.

278.

What should be observed when a brick is broken?(a) Parallel strata(b) Homogeneous surface(c) Pores(d) Brown colourThis question was addressed to me in an interview for internship.My question is from Qualities of Good Brick topic in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Correct choice is (b) HOMOGENEOUS surface

Easy EXPLANATION: BRICK should have uniform red coloured and homogeneous strata.It should not have any visible pores.

279.

IS 3629-1966 classifies timber into 3 classes based on:(a) Availability(b) Average life(c) Durability(d) DensityThe question was asked in an internship interview.This interesting question is from Classification of Timber topic in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (b) Average life

To EXPLAIN I would SAY: There are 3 classes-class I, class II and class III.Class I timber has an average life of 120 MONTHS or more, Class II of 60 months or over, but less than 120 months.Class III has an average life of less than 60 months.

280.

In waterfall method of glazing, glaze is fed through rotating disc that flings glaze onto tile.(a) True(b) FalseI had been asked this question in unit test.I want to ask this question from Manufacture of Tiles in division Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct choice is (b) False

For explanation I would say: The above described METHOD is employed in a centrifugal or discing method.In the WATERFALL or bell method, a stream of glaze falls ONTO tiles, MOVING below on a conveyor belt.

281.

What type of clay is selected for tile manufacture?(a) Slightly wet(b) Sticky(c) Dry(d) RichThe question was posed to me in an interview.The question is from Manufacture of Tiles in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The CORRECT answer is (a) Slightly wet

The explanation: CLAY is cleaned and mixed with other additives.It is STIRRED in WATER and allowed to settle.Then slightly wet form is taken.

282.

The lower tile in Allahabad tiles is:(a) Round(b) Flat(c) Rectangular(d) CurvedI got this question by my college professor while I was bunking the class.Question is taken from Types of Tiles topic in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer» RIGHT choice is (b) Flat

To explain: Allahabad TILES CONSIST of 2 sets of tiles.Upper one is half round in section and the LOWER one is flat.
283.

The compressive strength of the brick should be:(a) Minimum 3.5 kN/m^2(b) Maximum 3.5 kN/m^2(c) Minimum 3.5 N/mm^2(d) Maximum 3.5 N/mm^2I got this question in quiz.This interesting question is from Qualities of Good Brick in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer» CORRECT answer is (C) Minimum 3.5 N/mm^2

Best explanation: As per IS CODES, number of bricks are tested in CTM and average is taken.It should be a minimum of 3.5 N/mm^2.
284.

Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) has been classified into how many grades?(a) 2(b) 3(c) 10(d) 5The question was asked in semester exam.Enquiry is from Grades of Cement topic in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer» CORRECT choice is (b) 3

For EXPLANATION: There was only ONE grade of OPC before 1987 and was according to IS 269-1976.It was revised in 1991 and IS 1489-1991 included 3 grades namely, 33 grade, 43 grade and 53 grade.
285.

What is released during the production of clinker?(a) CaCO3(b) CO2(c) Ca(OH)2(d) COThe question was posed to me in exam.This intriguing question comes from Manufacture of Cement in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Correct choice is (b) CO2

The best explanation: Specifically, CO2 is RELEASED during calcination of limestone, which goes on to FORM clinkers ahead.It occurs in upper, cooler END of kiln (PRECALCINER) at temperatures of 600-900^oc.

286.

Use of coarser cement particles leads to:(a) Low durability(b) Higher strength(c) Low consistency(d) Higher soundnessI have been asked this question during an interview.The origin of the question is Properties of Cement topic in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Correct choice is (a) Low durability

The best I can explain: For COARSER PARTICLES, HYDRATION starts on the SURFACE of particles, hence, it might not be completely hydrated.This causes low strength and low durability.

287.

What is the average particle size of cement?(a) 15 microns(b) 45 microns(c) 75 microns(d) 100 micronsI got this question in semester exam.My enquiry is from Properties of Cement in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

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Right CHOICE is (a) 15 MICRONS

Best explanation: Approximately 95% of cement PARTICLES are smaller than 45 microns and the average PARTICLE size is 15 microns.

288.

Lime is widely used for:(a) Waste water treatment(b) Manufacturing tiles(c) Jewellery making(d) As an aggregateThis question was addressed to me by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.Origin of the question is Source and Classification of Lime in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct choice is (a) Waste water treatment

The best I can explain: Hydrated LIME is a highly EFFICIENT pH increasing agent.It is USED as a PRIMARY coagulant for waste water treatment and contributes to the clarity of the water.

289.

The solution used to test impurities in the sand in field is:(a) Sodium sulphate(b) Sodium hydroxide(c) Sodium nitrate(d) Sodium chlorideI had been asked this question in an online quiz.The above asked question is from Properties of Sand in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Right option is (b) Sodium hydroxide

Easy explanation: A small amount of sand is ADDED to a solution of sodium hydroxide and stirred.If colour CHANGES to brown, PRESENCE of impurity is detected.

290.

A sand is not said to be ideal if:(a) Chemically inert(b) Free from organic salts(c) Is soft(d) Contains silicon dioxideThis question was addressed to me in an interview for internship.The doubt is from Properties of Sand topic in section Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Right option is (C) Is soft

Best EXPLANATION: An IDEAL SAND should be hard and not soft.It will be difficult to WORK with if it is soft.

291.

How is particle size of sand related to bulking?(a) Not related(b) Directly proportional(c) Inversely proportional(d) Shows variable relationI got this question during a job interview.I'm obligated to ask this question of Bulking of Sand in section Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Right answer is (c) Inversely proportional

The best EXPLANATION: Finer particle size will have more VOIDS COMPARED to coarser once.They TEND to absorb more water and hence exhibit more bulking.

292.

Which of the below glue can be made plastic again by re-heating?(a) Thermo-setting(b) Rubber glue(c) Animal protein glue(d) Thermo-plasticThe question was posed to me during an online exam.The doubt is from Adhesives topic in division Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer» CORRECT choice is (d) Thermo-PLASTIC

To explain: GLUE from synthetic resins can be EITHER thermo-setting or thermo-plastic.The thermo-setting one is permanent in nature. Thermo-plastic glue can be reheated and made plastic again.
293.

The process of applying an adhesive is:(a) Speedy(b) Slow(c) Costly(d) CumbersomeI had been asked this question in final exam.I want to ask this question from Adhesives topic in division Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (a) Speedy

Explanation: Adhesive is USED to join two surfaces, FORMING a strong bond between them.It is easy, economic and FAST to APPLY.

294.

Wood naphtha, a cheap variety of resin, is also called:(a) Methyl alcohol(b) Synthetic rubber(c) Acetylene(d) EthanolI have been asked this question in an interview for job.This interesting question is from Varnish in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct ANSWER is (a) Methyl ALCOHOL

Explanation: Methyl alcohol was produced chiefly as a by-product of the destructive DISTILLATION of wood.Hence, the NAME wood naphtha.

295.

Recycled crumb rubber can be used in:(a) Plastering(b) Mortar(c) Paints(d) ConcreteI got this question during an internship interview.My question is from Rubber in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (d) Concrete

The explanation: GOOD compressive strength results were obtained when 25% of sand was REPLACED by RUBBER. It is economical and conserves sand usage.

296.

Rubber seed oil can be used in:(a) Paint(b) Medicine(c) Varnish(d) FuelThis question was addressed to me during an interview.This intriguing question originated from Rubber topic in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer» CORRECT choice is (a) PAINT

Explanation: It can be used as a semi-drying OIL in paints.It partially hardens when EXPOSED to AIR unlike other drying oils in the paint.
297.

Which of the following is not a cause of the decay of timber?(a) Lack of ventilation(b) Alternate dry and wet conditions(c) Absence of moisture(d) Moisture accompanied by heatThe question was asked during an online interview.I need to ask this question from Defects and Preservation of Timber topic in section Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer» CORRECT answer is (c) ABSENCE of moisture

Easiest EXPLANATION: Presence of moisture and SAP accelerate the decay of timber.
298.

Cement paints require a smooth surface to be applied on.(a) True(b) FalseThis question was posed to me in quiz.Query is from Types and Uses of Paints topic in division Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

Right option is (B) False

Explanation: Cement REQUIRES a rough surface for its application.It can ADHERE better ONTO rough surfaces than SMOOTHER ones.

299.

Breaking down is the process of:(a) Felling a tree(b) Conversion of logs(c) Defect in timber(d) Reducing weightThis question was posed to me in homework.This is a very interesting question from Manufacture of Timber topic in portion Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct option is (B) Conversion of logs

The explanation is: The logs are cut into the board using circular saws and band saws.This is called conversion, and first stage of conversion is the process called breaking down.It MEANS ROUGH SAWING.

300.

The surface of freshly cut timber should be:(a) Soft and shining(b) Hard and shining(c) Perfectly round(d) Light in colourThe question was asked in semester exam.My question is taken from Qualities of Timber in chapter Materials for Construction of Basic Civil Engineering

Answer»

The correct option is (B) Hard and shining

For explanation I would say: Dull appearance is a sign of DEFECTIVE timber.Soft surface is prone to ATTACK by insects, fungus and is not a good QUALITY.