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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 901. |
Match the following list of bioactive substances and their roles. `{:("Bioactive substance","Role"),((i)"Statin",(A)"Removal of oil stains"),((ii)"CyclosporinA",(B)"Removal of clots from blood vessels"),((iii)"Streptokinase",(C)"Lowering of blood cholesterol"),((iv)"Lipase",(D)"Immuno-suppressive agent"):}` Choose the correct match.A. (i)-(b),(ii)-(c),(iii)-(a),(iv)-(d)B. (i)-(d),(ii)-(b),(iii)-(a),(iv)-(c)C. (i)-(d),(ii)-(a),(iii)-(d),(iv)-(c)D. (i)-(c),(ii)-(d),(iii)-(b),(iv)-(a) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 902. |
In which food would you find lactic acid bacteria? Mention some of their useful applications. |
| Answer» Lactic acid bacteria occur in curd. These bacteria convert lactose sugar into lactic acid. They also improve the nutritional quality of curd by increasing vitamin `B_(12)`. Lactic acid bacteria are also found in our stomach where they check disease-causing microbes. | |
| 903. |
Statin is used forA. Lowering LDL cholesterolB. Lipid digestion during ripening of cheeseC. DetergentsD. Flavouring edibles |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 904. |
Bacteria cannot be seen with the naked eyes, but these can be seen with the help of a microscope. If you have to carry a sample from your home to your biology laboratory to demonstrate the presence of microbes under a microscope, which sample would you carry and why? |
| Answer» The common household product that shows the presence of bacteria is curd. Milk is converted to curd by lactic acid bacteria. (LAB). | |
| 905. |
Cyclosporin A, used as immunosuppressive agent is obtained fromA. Bacterium Bacillus subtilisB. Fungus Trichoderma polysporumC. Fungus Tolypocladium inflatumD. Both B and C |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 906. |
During anaerobic digestion of organic waste, such as in the producing biogas, Which one of the following is left undegraded ?A. HemicelluloseB. CelluloseC. LipidsD. Lignin |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D During biogas formation, digestion of cellulose is slow (Rate-limiting) and most of the lignin is not decomposed . After cellulose lignin is the most abundant plant polymer. It forms 20 to 30% of the wood of the tree. Lignin is a complex polymeric molecules , made up of phenyl propanoid units. Cellulose is a large chained polymer of glucose molecules which are linked with each other by glycosidic bonds. Hemicellulose are branched polymers of glucose, xylose, galactose, mannose and arabinose. |
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| 907. |
Cyclosporin A, used as immunosuppressive agent in organ transplants is produced byA. Trichoderma against certain plant pathogens.B. MonascusC. StreptococcusD. Staphylococcus |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Cylosporin - A, used as immunosuppressive agent in argan transplants, is produced by trichoderma |
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| 908. |
Consider the following statements. A. Cyclosporin A is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients. B. Wine and beer are produced by distillation whereas whisky, brandy and run are produced without distillation of the fermented both. C. Streptomycin was the first antibiotic to be dicovered. D. Cyclosporin A is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum. Of the above statements:A. B and C are correctB. B and D are correctC. A and B are correctD. A and D are correct |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 909. |
Consider the following bioactive molecules. Which of these is an immunosuppressive agant used in organ transplant. I. Streptoinase II. Statins III. Cyclosporin-A IV. LipasesA. I and IVB. III and IVC. Only IIID. Only II |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 910. |
Blood cholesterol lowering statins are obtained fromA. Trichoderma polysporumB. Acetobacter acetiC. Monascus purpurensD. Aspergillus niger |
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Answer» Correct Answer - 3 Trichoderma polysporum is a source of immunosuppressive agent cyclosporin A:Acetobacter aceti is a source of acetic acid & Aspergillus niger is a source of citric acid. |
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| 911. |
A Bioactive molecule, Cyclosporin-A used as an immuno-suppressive agent in organ- transplant patients is produced byA. Aspergillus nigerB. Saccharomyces cerevisiaeC. Monascus purpurensD. Trichoderma polysporum |
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Answer» Correct Answer - 4 Aspergillus niger is source of acetic acid : Saccharonyces cerevisiae is source of ethanal and Monascus purpurens is source of statins [blood- cholesterol lowering agents ]. |
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| 912. |
Microbes can be used to decrease the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. Explain how this can be accomplished. |
| Answer» Fertility of soil is very important from view point of an Agriculturist. The fertility of soil depends not only on its chemical composotion but also on the quality and quantity of useful microbes present in it. Moreover. If the composition of the soil is not upto th mark and poor in fertility. materials of biological origin are added into it to improve and maintain its fertility. These biological organisms are microbes which act as biofertilizers and lessen the burden of use of chemicals. There are microbes which act as biopesticides. if these biopesticides are applied in agricultural fields, they can reduce the burden of chemical pesticides. | |
| 913. |
Assertion: Till date, no man-made technology has been able to rival the microbial treatment of sewage. Reason: Untreated sewage is often discharged directly into rivers leading to their pollution and increase in water-borne disease.A. If both assertion and reason are trueand the reason is the correct explanation of the assrertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion istrue but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B `*` till date, no man-made technology has been able to rival the micrbial treatment of sewage. `*` Untreted sewage is often discharged directly into rivers leading to their pollution and increase in water-borne disease. |
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| 914. |
(a) What would happen if a large volume of untreated sewage is discharged into a river? (b) In what way anaerobic sludge digestion is important in sewage treatments? |
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Answer» (a) It untreated sewage is dicharged directly into rivers it will lead to serious pollution of the waters with organic matter and pathogenic bacteria, Protozoa and many other diseaser. This water, if used will cause outbreaks of water borne diseases. (b) In anaerobic sludge digestion, anaerobic bacteria, digest the aerobic bacteria and the fungi in the sludge and the remaining organic matter. During this digestion, bacteria produce a mixture of gases such as methane, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide. These gases (biogas) can be used as source of energy as it is inflammable. |
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| 915. |
Assertion: Discovery of the first antibiotic was a chance discovery. Reason: Penicillin was the first antibiotic.A. If both assertion and reason are trueand the reason is the correct explanation of the assrertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion istrue but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B `*` Discovery of the first antibiotic was a chance discovery. `*` Penicillin was the first antibiotic. |
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| 916. |
The first person to propose that disease is due to natural cause wasA. AristotleB. HippocratesC. VesaliusD. Pasteur |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 917. |
The molecular structure of penicillin antibiotic isA. Macrocyclic lactoneB. Glycoside linkage in amino sugarC. `beta`-lactan ringD. Polyaene and nonpolyaene |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 918. |
Penicillin inhibits bacterial multiplication becauseA. Checks RNA synthesisB. Checks DNA synthesisC. Destroys chromatinD. Inhibits cell wall formation. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 919. |
Penicillin was first commercially Prepared inA. U.K.B. FranceC. U.S.A.D. Canada |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 920. |
Write the scientific names of microbes which are used in production of citric acid and butyric acid. |
| Answer» Aspergillus niger is used to produce citric acid while Clostridium is used to produce butyric acid. | |
| 921. |
Name the microbes that help production of the following products commercially. (a) Stallin (b) Citric acid (c) Penicillin (d) Buytric acid |
| Answer» (a) Stalin-Monascus purpureus (b) Citric acid-Aspergillus niger (c) Penicillin-Penicillium notatum (d) Butyric acid-Clostridium sp. | |
| 922. |
In biological treatment, when the BOD of sewage is reduced significantly, the effluent is then passes intoA. settling tankB. Aeration tankC. Anaerobic sludge digestersD. Aerobic sludge digesters |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A In biological treatment when the BOD of sewage is reduced significantly, the effulent is then passes into settling tank. |
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| 923. |
Genetically engineered microorganism used successfully in bioremediation of oil spills is:A. TrichodermaB. XanthomonasC. BacilliusD. Pseudomonas |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 4 | |
| 924. |
Leguminous plants are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen through the process of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Which one of the following statements is not correct for this process of nitrogen fixation ?A. Leghaemoglobin scavanges oxygen and is pinkish in colourB. Nitrogenase is insensitive to oxygenC. Nodules act as sites for nitrogen fixationD. The enzyme nitrogenase catalyse to conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 925. |
Pheromones are chemicals that are used in animals forA. Sex attractantsB. Sending alarm signalsC. Marking trailsD. All the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 926. |
Lysozyme that is present in perspiration, saliva and tears, destroysA. certain types of bacteriaB. all virusesC. most virus-infec,ed cellsD. certain fungi |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 1 | |
| 927. |
(A) : IgA is known as the secretory antibody. (R) : It is found in tears, saliva and colostrum.A. If both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).B. If both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).C. If (A) is true but (R) is false.D. If both (A) and (R) are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 928. |
Milk starts to coagulate when Lactic Acid Bactria (LAB) is added to warm milk as a starter. Mention any other two benefits LAB provides. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - 1. Besides coagulation of milk, LAB also improve its nutritional quality by increasing vitamin `B_(12)`. 2. LAB, present in our stomach, check disease-causing microbes. |
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| 929. |
Products of organic farming are preferred because they areA. Free from pollutantsB. CostlierC. More deliciousD. Large sized |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 930. |
The concept of organic farming started inA. 1990 sB. 1980 sC. 1970 sD. 1960 s |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 931. |
The pesticides used in organic farming areA. OrganochlorinesB. CarbamatesC. Margosa, nicotine and pyrethrumD. All the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 932. |
Organic of fertilizers, organic farming usesA. Compost and manureB. Green manuringC. Crop rotation and intercroppingD. All the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 933. |
Role of bacteria in retting of fibres is the hydeoklysis ofA. cellulose of the cell walls of the fibresB. lignin of the cellothese wallC. pactic substances that binads the cells togetherD. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 934. |
An enzyme roduced commercially from Saccharoyces cerevisiae isA. lactaseB. invertaseC. proteaseD. lipase |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 935. |
Polymixin is prepared formA. Streptomyces antibioticsB. Streptomyces nodosusC. Bacillus polymyxaD. Streptomyces rimsus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 936. |
Antibiotics are mostly obtaned fromA. fungiB. actinomycetes/bacteriaC. Both (a) and (b)D. cyanobacteria |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 937. |
Why do we prefer to call secondary waste water treatment as biological treatment? |
| Answer» Secondary waste water treatment is called biological treatment because microorganisms are involved in the breakdown of organic matter in this phase of waste water treatment. The primary effluent is passed into large aeration tanks where the organic matter in it is consumed by aerobic microbes which are later themselves digested by anaerobic bacteria and fungi in anaerobic sludge digesters. | |
| 938. |
Which of the following is True/false Secondary treatment of sewage waste also called Biological treatment |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 1 | |
| 939. |
The amount of oxygen required by the microbes in the decompositionn of organic matter is calledA. Chemical oxygenB. Biochemical oxygen demandC. Total oxygen demandD. Dissolve oxygen |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B BOD refers ot the amount of oxygen that would consume if all the organic matter in one litre of water is to be oxidized by bectria. The sewage water is treated till BOD is reduced. The greater the BOD , greater is the plluting potential . Once the BOD is reduced the effluent is then passed inot a setting tank where the bacterial flocas are allowed to settle. |
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| 940. |
The amount of oxygen that would be consumed if all organic matter in one liter of water oxidised by bacteria is called ? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand) | |
| 941. |
Read the following statements and select the correct option. Statement 1 : BOP represents the amount of dissolved oxygen that would be consumed if all the organic matter in one litre of water were oxidised by microorganisms. Statement 2 : High value of BOD indicates that water is highly polluted by organic matter.A. Both statements 1 and 2 are correctB. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrectC. Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correctD. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A `BOD` (biochemical oxygen demand) refers to the amount of the oxygen that would be consumed if all the organic matter in one litre of water were oxidised by bacteria. The `BOD` test measures the rate of update of oxygen by microorganisms in a sample of water and thus, indirectly `BOD` is the measure of the organic matter present in the water. The greater the `BOD` of wastwater, more is its pollulting potential. |
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| 942. |
The masses of bacteria held together by slime and fungal filaments to form mesh-like structures are called asA. primary sludgeB. flocesC. activated sludgeD. anaerobic sludge |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Flocs are masses of bacteria held together by slime and fungal filaments to form mesh-like structures. |
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| 943. |
What will be happen if you add a small amount of curd to the fresh milk and keep it for few hours at `25^(@)C`. Name the process, chemical changes and the resultant products. Name any three edible products prepared from it. |
| Answer» The milk will be converted into fermented milk and finally into curd. The process is called lactic acid fermentation During the process the microorganisms such as Lactobaccillus, lactococcus, Pediococcus, Streptococcus and others commonly called lactic acid bacteria (LAB) convert Lactose (Carbohydrates) into lactic acid by fermentation and coagulate milk protein (Casein) to produce homogenous curd. | |
| 944. |
What is the beneficial role of LAB in our stomach?A. Causes souring of milk by decreasing nutritional qualityB. Increases the amount of vitamin-DC. Checks disease causing microbesD. It produces alkali which coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 945. |
Expand LAB. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Lactic acid bacteria. | |
| 946. |
Which symbiotic nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium lives in association with Azolla. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Anabaena azollae. | |
| 947. |
Name the gobar gas liberated from blogs plant. Which type of bacteria are responsible for its production? What are the advantages of using it as a source of energy? |
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Answer» The name of gobar gas (or biogas) is methane. It is generated by the activity of methanogenic bacteria (i.e., methane producing anaeobic bacteria). Following are advantages of using methane as a source of energy: (i) Methane is insoluble and, therefore, separates very easily from the fermentor. (ii) It can be very easily pressurized or liquified for storage. (iii) It is readily combustible. |
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| 948. |
Which of the following is the pair of biofetilizers?A. Azolla and BGAB. Nostoc and legumeC. Rhizobium and grassesD. Salmonella and E.coli |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 949. |
Which of the following are involved and used for cheese manufacturingA. Bacteria and fungiB. Bacteria na some algaeC. Bacteria and mycoplasmaD. Bacteria and cyanobacteria |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 950. |
The term anibiotic was given byA. FunkB. MellanbyC. WaksmanD. Paseur |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |