InterviewSolution
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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Why is purification of water and nutrient salts so important in studies involving mineral nutrition using hydroponics? |
| Answer» Impure water contains a large number of soluble minerals dissolved in it. Similarly, the salts also contain inpurities. If such impure water and mineral salts are used as solution culture for growing plants in hydroponics, these inpurities interface with the experiments used for detection of essentiality of an element. Therefore, use of purified water and known amount of purified nutrient salts are used in studies involving mineral nutriton using hydropoinics. | |
| 2. |
Complete the following table by explaning A,B,C and D |
| Answer» A = Macro element, B = It activates the enzymes of respiration photosynthesis and involved in the synthesis of DNA and RNA. It is constiuent of chlorophyll, C= Micro element, D = It activates many enzymes involved in photosynthesis, respiration and nitrogen metabolism. It is required for photooxidation of water and liberation of moleuclar `O_(2)`. | |
| 3. |
What is the meaning of carrier in solute uptake? |
| Answer» Carrier is a specialized constituent of plasma membrane involved in solute transport across membranes. The exact nature of carrier molecule (s) is still not clearly known, but it is visualized that they are some tansport enzymes (proteins) located here and there in the membrane extending from one surface to the other. | |
| 4. |
Nitrogen fixation in root nodules of Alnus is brought about byA. FrankiaB. AzorrhizobiumC. BradyrhizobiumD. Clostridium |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 5. |
A nitrogen fixing microbe associated with Azolla in rice-fields is:-A. spirulinaB. AnabaenaC. FrankiaD. Tolypothrix |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 6. |
Nitrogenase enzyme convertsA. Atmospheric nitrogen into ammoniaB. Ammonia into nitrate and nitrateC. Nitrate and nitrateD. Nitrate and nitrite into nitrogen |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 7. |
What protects nitrogenase? |
| Answer» The pigments leghamoglobin. | |
| 8. |
How is nitrogenase enzyme protected? |
| Answer» In leguminous plants, the enzyme nitrogenase is protected from oxygen by the pigment leghaemoglobin: | |
| 9. |
Pick out from the following list the two minerals which are not needed by the majority of plants but very much needed by almost all animals : Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, Iron, Iodine. |
| Answer» Sodium and Iodine. | |
| 10. |
What type of condition is created by leghaemoglobin in root nodules of a legume? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Anaerobic | |
| 11. |
Leghaemoglobin helps inA. nitrogen-fixationB. protecting introgenase from `O_(2)`C. destroy bacteriaD. transport of food in plants |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 12. |
Assertion. Nitrogen deficiency induced purplish colouration in stems, petioles and lower leaf surfaces of some plants. Reason. Purple colour appears due to accumulation of anthocyanin.A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.D. If both Assertion and Reason are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 13. |
What is the role of iron in plants? List one disease that occurs in plants due to iron deficiency. |
| Answer» Iron is essential for the synthesis of chlorophyll and energy generation, Chlorosis in plants. | |
| 14. |
The most abundant element present in the plants is Or Which of the following is not absorbed through soilA. NitrogenB. ManganeseC. IronD. Carbon |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 15. |
In which of the following forms is iron absorbed by plantsA. FerricB. FerrousC. Free elementD. Both ferric and ferrous |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 16. |
Reaction carried out by `N_(2)` fixing microbes include `2NH_(3)+3O_(2)to2NO_(2)^(-)+2H^(+)+2H_(2)O` …(i) `2NO_(2)^(-)+O_(2)to2NO_(3)^(-)` ….(ii) Which of the following statements about these equations is not true?A. step (i) is carried out by Nitrosomonas or NitrococcusB. step (ii) is carried out by NitrobacterC. both steps (i) and (ii) can be called nitrificationD. bacteria carrying out these steps are usually photoautotrophs |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 17. |
Prolonged liberal irrigation of agricultural fields is likely to create the problem ofA. ActivityB. AridityC. SalinityD. Metal toxicity |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 18. |
Why do higher plants fail to assimilate atmospheric free nitrogen (dinitrogen) directly? Explain. |
| Answer» Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into unable form through the agency of living orgainsm requires enzyme-Nitrogenase. This enzyme is not active in higher plants, therefore they fail. To assimilate free nitrogen directly. | |
| 19. |
Middle lamella mainly containsA. CaB. MgC. NaD. K |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 20. |
How the knowledge of water relations and mineral utilizationis helpful improving the crop management? |
| Answer» It is now possible to grow certain crops at places where they never grew by providing specific minerals in the soil and proper physiological conditions. Therefore, knowledge of water relations and mineral utilization of specific drop plants is helpful in improving the crop managments. | |
| 21. |
Why common salt is used to preserve certain foods? |
| Answer» Common salt (Sodium chloride) produces high osmotic pressure when dissolved in water. Hypertionic solution results plasmolysis in the cells of many microorganisms. Presence of excess, salt also causes- (i) Dehydration of food, (ii) Dehydration of moicroganisms, (iii) Releases disinfecting chlorine in the medium (iv) Reduces solubility of oxygen in the medium, (v) Sensitizes microbial cells against `CO_(2)`, and (vi) Interfers with the action of proteolytic enzymes. Therefore, common salt is widely used to preserve certain foods. | |
| 22. |
Name the nitrifying bacteria of the soil. Why are they called chemoautotrophs? |
| Answer» The nitrifying bacteria of the soil are Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. They are called chemoautotrophs because they obtain energy from the oxidation of ammonium and nitrate ions. | |
| 23. |
Assertion. Cyanobacteria are the only photosynthetic nitrogen fixing prokaryotes producing oxygen. Reason. Oxygen is required for the activity of enzyme nitrogenase.A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.D. If both Assertion and Reason are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 24. |
Name the best known symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacterium. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Rhizobium | |
| 25. |
A prokaryotic autotrophic nitrogen fixing symbiont is found inA. AlnusB. CycasC. CicerD. Pisum |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 26. |
Name the elements which occur in nucleic acid macromoleculeA. C,H,O,N,SB. C,O,N,SC. C,O,P,SD. C,H,O,N,P |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 27. |
Which of the following is not an essentialA. IronB. ManganeseC. ZincD. Iodine |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 28. |
The macronutrient which is an essential component of all organic compounds, yet not obtained by plants from soil isA. NitrogenB. CarbonC. PhosphorusD. Magnesium |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 29. |
Why have world authorities disregarded the distinction between macro nutrients and micro nutrients? Explain |
| Answer» World authorities disregarded the distinction between macronutrients and micronutrients because such a distinction between the two is very arbitrary. Some elements are required by certain plants as macronutrients while in other they are needed in microamounts. | |
| 30. |
Element which regulate stomatal movement isA. PotassiumB. SodiumC. SulphurD. Phosphorus |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 31. |
Assertion. Ash analysis of a plant gives exact picture of the elements essentail for the plants. Reason. Roots take in some mineral nutrients selectively, only those which are essential for them.A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.D. If both Assertion and Reason are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 32. |
Why do plants absorb and accumulate those elements which are not esseintal for their survival? |
| Answer» An essential element is that which is necessary for supporting normal growth and development of the plant and directly involved in its metabolism. It is ture that most of the elements are present in the plant which are not essential. Many of them are absorbed and accumulated because they are present in the excess amount in the soil. They are not needed for the survival of plants. | |
| 33. |
A. Give examples of two autotrophs and two heterotrohs B. Define essential elements. C. Name the main sources of carbon and hydrogen to the plants. D. Give two examples of deficiency diseases. |
|
Answer» A. Two examples of autotrophs are Fern and Mustard plants. Two examples of hetertrophs are Mucor (Fungi) and Orobanche (a root parasite) B. An essential element is defined as one without which the plant cannot complete its lifecycle, or one that has a clear physiological role. C. Carbon enters a plant as atmospheric carbon dioxide and hydrogen is obtained mainly from water. Two examples of deficiency are Brown heart of cabbage (due to deficiency of Boron) and Khaira diseas of rice (due to deficiency of Zinc.) |
|
| 34. |
Assertion. Copper is a trace elements. Reason. Because we can trace in movement inside the plants.A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.D. If both Assertion and Reason are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 35. |
Assertion. Soils are more commonly deficient in nitrogen then any other element.Reason. Nitrogen is a mojor consituent of amino acids and proteins.A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.D. If both Assertion and Reason are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 36. |
Assertion . Lamina is modified into pitcher in Nepenthes to caputre insects for nitrogenous food. Reason. They lack chlorophyll and are not green in colour.A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.D. If both Assertion and Reason are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 37. |
Assertion. Many insectivorous plants are able to survice without feeding on insects. The growth of insectivorous plants is stimulated when they trap and utilise insects.A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.D. If both Assertion and Reason are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 38. |
Manganeses is requried inA. Plant cell wall formationB. Photolysis of water during photosynthesisC. ChlorophyII synthesisD. Nucleic acid synthesis |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 39. |
Which one of the following roles is not characteristic of an essential element?A. being a component of biomoleculesB. changing the chemistry of soilC. being a structural component of energy related chemical compoundsD. activation of inhibition of enzymes |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 40. |
Which enzyme is necessary for bilogical fixation of nitrogen in plants? Mention its two sub units? |
| Answer» Nitrogenase enzyme. Its two sub-unit are (i) a non-heme iron protein commonly called Fe protein (or dinitrogen reductase) and (ii) an iron molybdenum protein called MoFe-protein (or dinitrogenas). Both these sub-units are needed for the activity of enzyme. | |
| 41. |
With regard to the bilogical nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium in association with soy bean, which one of the following statement/statements does not hold true?A. Nitrogenase any require oxygen for its functioningB. Nitrogenase in MO-Fe proteinC. Leg-haemoglobin is a pink coloured pigment.D. Nitrogenase helps to converts `N_(2)` gas into two molecules of ammonia. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 42. |
Assertion : If you burn a plant , its nitrogen component is given off as ammonia and other gases . Reason : Hydroponics does not allow plants to grow well if they are supplied with all the mineral nutrients they need.A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.D. If both Assertion and Reason are false. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 43. |
Which one of the following symptoms is not due to manganese toxicity in plants?A. calcium translocation in shoot apex is inhibitedB. Deficiency in both Iron and Nitrogen is inducedC. Appearance of brown spot surrounded by chlorotic veinsD. none of the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 44. |
Micronutrients areA. Mn, Ni ZnB. O, Cu, BC. Mg, Mn, MoD. Ca, S, Fe |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 45. |
Best defined function of manganese in green plants isA. Photolysis of waterB. Calvin cycleC. Nitrogen fixationD. Water absorption |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 46. |
What is hydroponic? Given one application of this technique. |
| Answer» Hydroponics is a technique of growing plants with their roots immersed in nutrient solution without soil. This technique is very useful in finding out the essentiality of elements. Many short highted trees like pineapple are growth by hydroponics for economic purpose | |
| 47. |
A plant requires magnesium for :A. Protein synthesisB. Chloropyll synthesisC. Cell wall developmentD. Holding cells together |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 48. |
Explain the terms plant macrolements and plant microelements. Give one exapmle of each. |
| Answer» The macroelements are requried by plants in larger amounts whereas micronutrients are required in smaller amounts. Example of macronutrient is Nitrogen and the example of micronutrient is Boron. | |
| 49. |
A farmer adds Azotobacter culture to the soil before sowing maize. How does it increase the yield of maize? |
| Answer» Azotobacter is the best example of free living aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria. It makes the soil rich in unsable form of nitrogen which increase in the yield of maize. | |
| 50. |
During nitrification, which bacteria converts ammonia to nitrateA. NitrobacterB. PseudomonasC. NitrosomonasD. Mycobacterium |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |