Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

Linear lumped parameter models are not valid under situations as:(a) Transmission pipe between the hydraulic pump and the motor causes a time lag in transportation of oil from pump to motor(b) Transmission of heat by conduction or convection produces serious transportation lag(c) Transmission pipe causes the time lag and loss of heat by conduction and convection(d) Transmission of pipe causes neither any time lag nor any heat lossI got this question during an interview.Question is from Stability Analysis by Describing Functions in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right option is (c) Transmission pipe CAUSES the time lag and loss of heat by conduction and convection

The best EXPLANATION: Linear lumped parameter models are the models that simplifies the DESCRIPTION of the BEHAVIOUR of SPATIALLY distributed physical systems into a topology consisting of discrete systems and not valid when the pure time lags are negligible compared to other lags in the system.

2.

Which of the following is the output of a thermocouple?(a) Alternating current(b) Direct current(c) A.C. voltage(d) D.C. voltageThe question was asked in an online quiz.This intriguing question originated from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Correct OPTION is (d) D.C. voltage

The best explanation: Thermocouple is the instrument that has two DIFFERENT metals with different temperatures and the DIFFERENCE in TEMPERATURE is CONVERTED into the potential difference and gives output in D.C. Voltage.

3.

With feedback _____ reduces.(a) System stability(b) System gain(c) System stability and gain(d) DampingThe question was asked during an online interview.My query is from Stability of Nonlinear System in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right option is (B) System gain

For explanation I WOULD say: With feedback DAMPING increases and system gain reduces as they are inversely proportional to each other and for the good control system the SPEED of RESPONSE must be high with low gain and oscillations.

4.

In a control system integral error compensation _______steady state error(a) Increases(b) Minimizes(c) Does not have any effect on steady state error(d) All of the mentionedThis question was addressed to me in an online interview.My question is from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in division Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The correct CHOICE is (b) Minimizes

For explanation I would say: Integral compensation is the phase lag compensation as it REDUCES or minimizes the steady STATE error by not affecting the DAMPING factor but reducing the NATURAL frequency.

5.

In a system zero initial condition means that :(a) The system is at rest and no energy is stored in any of its components(b) The system is working with zero stored energy(c) The system is working with zero reference signal(d) Laplace transform is not possibleI had been asked this question in examination.My query is from Common Physical Nonlinearities in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (a) The system is at rest and no energy is STORED in any of its components

The best I can explain: In system ZERO initial CONDITION MEANS the system is at rest and no energy is stored in the system previously.

6.

Transportation lag is seen in systems:(a) Amount to be transferred in large(b) Time take to transfer is large(c) Inefficiency of the process(d) ErrorsThis question was posed to me during an interview.This key question is from Stability Analysis by Describing Functions in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right option is (B) Time take to TRANSFER is LARGE

Explanation: TRANSPORTATION lag is the delay that is SEEN in the systems where the output is not following the input and is seen in systems where the time taken to transfer is very large.

7.

___________ signal will become zero when the feedback signal and reference signs are equal.(a) Input(b) Actuating(c) Feedback(d) ReferenceI have been asked this question in final exam.The doubt is from ConstructingPhase-Trajectories topic in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (B) Actuating

The best EXPLANATION: Actuating signal is the difference between the feedback signal and the REFERENCE signal and when both of the signals are EQUAL then the signal is zero.

8.

Mass, in force-voltage analogy, is analogous to:(a) Charge(b) Current(c) Inductance(d) ResistanceThe question was asked in quiz.This key question is from ConstructingPhase-Trajectories in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right option is (c) Inductance

For explanation I WOULD say: MASS, is analogous to the inductance in the force-voltage analogy in the series FORM as all the elements of the CIRCUIT are connected in the PARALLEL.

9.

Bounded input and Bounded output stability notion concerns with :(a) A system under influence of input(b) A system not under influence of input(c) A system under influence of output(d) A system not under influence of outputI had been asked this question in my homework.The doubt is from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The CORRECT answer is (a) A system under influence of input

For EXPLANATION: BIBO stability CONCERNS with the system that has input PRESENT.

10.

As zero moves sufficiently left from the origin the effect of zero becomes less pronounced.(a) True(b) FalseI got this question in an international level competition.This intriguing question comes from Construction of Phase-Trajectories in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The correct option is (a) True

Easiest EXPLANATION: The EFFECT of zero on TRANSIENT RESPONSE will be negligible if the zero moves left from the origin due to DOMINANT pole mechanism.

11.

An amplidyne can give which of the following characteristics?(a) Constant current(b) Constant voltage(c) Constant current as well as constant voltage(d) Constant current, constant voltage and constant powerI had been asked this question during an internship interview.My enquiry is from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The correct option is (d) Constant CURRENT, constant voltage and constant power

The explanation is: An AMPLIDYNE is the DEVICE so constructed so as can give constant current, voltage and power and it is the important device as single device can achieve all these FEATURES.

12.

The roots of the transfer function do not have any effect on the stability of the system.(a) True(b) FalseThe question was posed to me in a job interview.This interesting question is from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in division Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer» RIGHT option is (b) False

For explanation I would say: The roots of transfer function also determine the STABILITY of SYSTEM as they may be REAL, complex and may have multiplicity of various order.
13.

Mediums responsible for transportation lag are:(a) Lines(b) Pipes(c) Belt conveyors(d) All of the mentionedThis question was posed to me in an international level competition.This key question is from Stability Analysis by Describing Functions topic in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right ANSWER is (d) All of the mentioned

Easiest explanation: Transportation LAG is the delay that is seen in the systems where the output is not following the input and is mainly seen in the practical mediums where the TIME of TRANSFER is very LARGE.

14.

The characteristic equation of a feedback control system is given bys^3+5s^2+(K+6)s+K=0. In the root loci diagram, the asymptotes of the root loci for large K meet at a point in the s plane whose coordinates are:(a) (2,0)(b) (-1,0)(c) (-2,0)(d) (-3,0)The question was asked during an interview.My query is from Stability Analysis by Describing Functions in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer» CORRECT answer is (c) (-2,0)

For EXPLANATION: The point is calculated by using ROUTH Hurwitz table and then equating the S^0 term EQUAL to zero.
15.

In liquid level and electrical system analogy, voltage is considered analogous to :(a) Head(b) Liquid flow(c) Liquid flow rate(d) Air flow rateThe question was posed to me in quiz.This question is from ConstructingPhase-Trajectories topic in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right choice is (a) Head

For explanation I would say: In LIQUID level and ELECTRICAL system analogy, voltage is considered analogous to the head which can be PRESSURE head that is the potential ENERGY.

16.

Polar plot of G (jw) = 1/jw(jw+t) is(a) Crosses the negative real axis(b) Crosses the negative imaginary axis(c) Crosses the positive imaginary axis(d) None of the mentionedThe question was posed to me during an interview for a job.My question is based upon Construction of Phase-Trajectories topic in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right choice is (d) NONE of the mentioned

Best explanation: POLAR PLOT can be made of the following function by following appropriate steps and THUS the plot neither crosses the real axis nor imaginary axis.

17.

A linear time invariant system is stable if :(a) System in excited by the bounded input, the output is also bounded(b) In the absence of input output tends zero(c) Both a and b(d) None of the mentionedI got this question in homework.Question is from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer» CORRECT ANSWER is (c) Both a and b

For explanation: A SYSTEM is stable only if it is BIBO stable and asymptotic stable.
18.

By which of the following the system response can be tested better?(a) Ramp input signal(b) Sinusoidal input signal(c) Unit impulse input signal(d) Exponentially decaying signalThis question was addressed to me in an online quiz.My doubt stems from Common Physical Nonlinearities in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Correct choice is (c) Unit IMPULSE input signal

The best EXPLANATION: System response can be best TREATED with the impulse response as when the input is impulse input then the output is itself the response of the transfer function.

19.

Practically all the systems have transportation lag :(a) True(b) FalseThis question was addressed to me during an interview.Enquiry is from Stability Analysis by Describing Functions topic in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The correct answer is (B) False

Easy EXPLANATION: Not all systems have TRANSPORTATION lag but WHOSE transmission TIME is more.

20.

The transfer function is applicable to which of the following?(a) Linear and time-in variant systems(b) Linear and time-variant systems(c) Linear systems(d) Non-linear systemsI have been asked this question at a job interview.Origin of the question is ConstructingPhase-Trajectories topic in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The correct answer is (a) LINEAR and time-in variant systems

The BEST I can explain: The transfer function is different from the state SPACE approach as the transfer function approach is similar to the LTI systems only while the state variable analysis is applicable to the non-linear time variant systems also.

21.

In thermal-electrical analogy charge is considered analogous to:(a) Heat flow(b) Reciprocal of heat flow(c) Reciprocal of temperature(d) TemperatureThis question was posed to me during a job interview.This intriguing question originated from ConstructingPhase-Trajectories in division Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer» CORRECT answer is (d) TEMPERATURE

To elaborate: In thermal-electrical analogy in which heat transfer in the WIRE or conductor can be RELATED to the temperature.
22.

If a system is given unbounded input then the system is:(a) Stable(b) Unstable(c) Not defined(d) LinearI have been asked this question in an interview.I would like to ask this question from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Correct OPTION is (c) Not defined

Explanation: If the system is given with the unbounded INPUT then nothing can be CLARIFIED for the STABILITY of the system.

23.

Spring constant in force-voltage analogy is analogous to?(a) Capacitance(b) Reciprocal of capacitance(c) Current(d) ResistanceI had been asked this question during an online exam.My query is from Common Physical Nonlinearities topic in division Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer» CORRECT choice is (b) RECIPROCAL of capacitance

To explain I would say: SPRING constant in force-voltage analogy is analogous to reciprocal of the RESISTANCE which is also SERIES analogy.
24.

The root locus diagram has loop transfer function G(s)H(s) = K/ s(s+4)(s^2+4s+5) has(a) No breakaway points(b) Three real breakaway points(c) Only one breakaway points(d) One real and two complex breakaway pointsI had been asked this question in an interview for internship.This question is from Stability Analysis by Describing Functions in division Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right choice is (b) Three real breakaway points

The explanation is: The breakaway points are the points where the ROOT LOCUS BRANCHES break and it is not necessary that this point must lie on the root locus calculated by differentiating the value of K with RESPECT to s and equating it with zero.

25.

Peak overshootof step-input response of an underdamped second-order system is explicitly indicative of(a) Settling time(b) Rise time(c) Natural frequency(d) Damping ratioThe question was posed to me during an interview.This interesting question is from Construction of Phase-Trajectories in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Correct OPTION is (d) DAMPING ratio

To ELABORATE: Peak overshoot refers to the damping of the system as if the damping ID less than the peak will be more.

26.

A.C. servomotor is basically a(a) Universal motor(b) Single phase induction motor(c) Two phase induction motor(d) Three phase induction motorI had been asked this question in a national level competition.Question is taken from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»
27.

For asymptotes passing from breakaway point then this point is also centroid(a) True(b) FalseI had been asked this question in a job interview.This interesting question is from Stability Analysis by Describing Functions in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer» RIGHT CHOICE is (a) True

Explanation: Asymptotes are the LINES of INFINITE length and these are TANGENTS to the root locus that meet at infinity and for these, passing from breakaway point then this point is also centroid.
28.

A signal other than the reference input that tends to affect the value of controlled variable is known as(a) Disturbance(b) Command(c) Control element(d) Reference inputI got this question by my college director while I was bunking the class.This is a very interesting question from ConstructingPhase-Trajectories topic in division Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The CORRECT choice is (a) DISTURBANCE

To explain: Disturbance signal is ALSO the reference signal only there can be multiple INPUTS in a control SYSTEM or the other input is called the disturbance signal.

29.

Asymptotic stability is concerned with :(a) A system under influence of input(b) A system not under influence of input(c) A system under influence of output(d) A system not under influence of outputI got this question in an internship interview.My doubt is from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The correct choice is (b) A system not under INFLUENCE of input

The EXPLANATION: Asymptotic STABILITY CONCERNS a free system relative to its transient behavior.

30.

In force-voltage analogy, velocity is analogous to:(a) Current(b) Charge(c) Inductance(d) CapacitanceI got this question in examination.My doubt is from ConstructingPhase-Trajectories in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The correct ANSWER is (a) Current

Explanation: In force-voltage analogy, velocity is ANALOGOUS to the current in force-voltage that is also CALLED SERIES circuit.

31.

An increase in gain, in most systems, leads to:(a) Smaller damping ratio(b) Larger damping ratio(c) Constant damping ratio(d) Zero damping ratioI got this question in an interview.The above asked question is from Common Physical Nonlinearities in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right OPTION is (a) SMALLER damping ratio

Easiest explanation: Damping FACTOR is INVERSELY proportional to the gain and if the gain increases the damping factor and hence the value reduces.

32.

Which of the following cannot be measured by LVDT?(a) Displacement(b) Velocity(c) Acceleration(d) PressureThe question was posed to me by my college professor while I was bunking the class.This interesting question is from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in division Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The correct answer is (d) Pressure

Explanation: LVDT is the linear variable differential transformer and it is an inductive transformer and can measure DISPLACEMENT, VELOCITY and acceleration but pressure cannot be MEASURED by using LVDT.

33.

The polar plot of a transfer function passes through the critical point (-1,0).Gain margin is(a) zero(b) -1dB(c) 1dB(d) InfinityI had been asked this question in an online interview.Question is taken from Stability Analysis by Describing Functions in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer» RIGHT answer is (a) zero

The explanation is: Gain margin is the POINT where the at phase cross over frequency gain of the system i 1 DB andof a POLAR PLOT passing through the critical point is zero.
34.

The frequency and time domain are related through which of the following?(a) Laplace Transform and Fourier Integral(b) Laplace Transform(c) Fourier Integral(d) Either b or cI have been asked this question in an interview for internship.This is a very interesting question from Common Physical Nonlinearities topic in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (a) Laplace TRANSFORM and Fourier Integral

Easy explanation: The FREQUENCY and time domain mainly continuous time domain are related by the Laplace and Fourier transform and discrete time and frequency are related by the discrete time Fourier transform and Z transform.

35.

The transient response of a system is mainly due to:(a) Inertia forces(b) Internal forces(c) Stored energy(d) FrictionI had been asked this question in an internship interview.My doubt stems from ConstructingPhase-Trajectories topic in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (c) Stored energy

For explanation I would SAY: The transient RESPONSE of the system is mainly DUE to stored energy as it is due to the initial conditions which is nothing but the stored energy.

36.

The viscous friction co-efficient, in force-voltage analogy, is analogous to:(a) Charge(b) Resistance(c) Reciprocal of inductance(d) Reciprocal of conductanceI had been asked this question by my school teacher while I was bunking the class.This intriguing question originated from ConstructingPhase-Trajectories topic in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Correct CHOICE is (b) Resistance

Easy explanation: The viscous friction co-efficient in force-voltage ANALOGY, is analogous to resistance of the electrical circuit that can be FOUND out MATHEMATICALLY.

37.

Zeroes are defined as:(a) Roots of the denominator of the closed loop transfer function(b) Roots of the numerator of the closed loop transfer function(c) Both of the mentioned(d) None of the mentionedThis question was addressed to me during an interview.I would like to ask this question from Construction of Phase-Trajectories in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Correct option is (B) ROOTS of the NUMERATOR of the CLOSED loop TRANSFER function

Explanation: Zeroes are defined as the roots of the numerator of the closed loop system.

38.

The transfer function technique is considered as inadequate under which of the following conditions?(a) Systems having complexities and nonlinearities(b) Systems having stability problems(c) Systems having multiple input disturbances(d) All of the mentionedThe question was posed to me during an interview for a job.This key question is from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Correct option is (d) All of the mentioned

Easiest EXPLANATION: State variable analysis is USED as Transfer function approach cannot be practically used in the systems having complexities, nonlinearities, stability problems and multiple INPUT.

39.

With feedback _____ increases.(a) System stability(b) Sensitivity(c) Gain(d) Effects of disturbing signalsThis question was posed to me in an interview.The above asked question is from Common Physical Nonlinearities in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right ANSWER is (a) SYSTEM stability

To elaborate: FEEDBACK can INCREASE system stability as well as can reduce the stability of the stable system.

40.

Hydraulic torque transmission system is analog of :(a) Amplidyne set(b) Resistance-capacitance parallel circuit(c) Motor-generator set(d) Any of the mentionedThe question was posed to me in a national level competition.My question is from Common Physical Nonlinearities in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The correct answer is (C) Motor-generator SET

For EXPLANATION: Hydraulic torque TRANSMISSION SYSTEM is analog of Motor-generator set.

41.

System with logic switching are :(a) Hang on(b) Bang on(c) Bang-bang(d) Hang outThe question was posed to me in final exam.My doubt is from Construction of Phase-Trajectories in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right option is (c) Bang-bang

The EXPLANATION: SUITABLE logic circuitry has to be ADDED to the controller structure for the kind of the switching and such SYSTEMS are known as the bang-bang control system.

42.

In optimum time switching curve the system takes :(a) Minimum time in reaching desired location(b) Maximum time in reaching desired location(c) Never reaches(d) No desired location is presentI got this question at a job interview.I'd like to ask this question from Construction of Phase-Trajectories topic in division Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Correct answer is (a) Minimum TIME in reaching desired location

Best explanation: If switching is made to OCCUR the CROSSING of the starting trajectory with the thick line trajectory the system follows the trajectory and reaches the desired OUTPUT at the minimum time.

43.

A unity feedback system with open-loop transfer function G (s) = 4/[s(s+p)] is critically damped. The value of the parameter p is(a) 4(b) 3(c) 2(d) 1This question was addressed to me in an internship interview.This interesting question is from Construction of Phase-Trajectories topic in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The correct OPTION is (a) 4

The best EXPLANATION: The VALUE of the P can be calculated by comparing the equation with the standard CHARACTERISTIC equation.

44.

Electrical time-constant of an armature-controlled dc servomotor is :(a) Equal to mechanical time-constant(b) Smaller than mechanical time-constant(c) Larger than mechanical time-constant(d) Not related to mechanical time-constantI got this question at a job interview.I want to ask this question from Construction of Phase-Trajectories in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right choice is (b) Smaller than mechanical TIME-constant

Explanation: ELECTRICAL time constant is smaller than the mechanical time constant and hence the delay in the mechanical SYSTEMS is more than the electrical systems.

45.

If the impulse response in absolutely integrable then the system is :(a) Absolutely stable(b) Unstable(c) Linear(d) None of the mentionedThis question was posed to me in homework.This intriguing question originated from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in division Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

The CORRECT option is (a) ABSOLUTELY stable

Explanation: The impulse response MUST be absolutely INTEGRABLE for the system to absolutely stable.

46.

The open-loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is K/(s^^2 (s+5))The system is unstable for(a) K>5(b) K0(d) All of the mentionedThe question was posed to me during an interview.This question is from Construction of Phase-Trajectories in section Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Correct option is (d) All of the mentioned

The explanation: The open loop transfer FUNCTION of a unity feedback SYSTEM is used to CALCULATE the conditional stability by using the Routh Hurwitz CRITERIA or the Root locus technique.

47.

Transportation lag causes :(a) Instability in system(b) Stability in system(c) System remains unaffected(d) Bandwidth increasesI got this question during an internship interview.I want to ask this question from Stability Analysis by Describing Functions topic in division Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right choice is (a) Instability in system

Easiest EXPLANATION: Transportation lag is the delay that is SEEN in the SYSTEMS where the output is not following the INPUT and causes instability in the system.

48.

The first order control system, which is well designed, has a(a) Small bandwidth(b) Negative time constant(c) Large negative transfer function pole(d) None of the mentionedI got this question by my college professor while I was bunking the class.My question is taken from Stability of Nonlinear System in portion Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer» CORRECT OPTION is (c) Large NEGATIVE transfer function pole

For EXPLANATION: The first ORDER control system which is the system with maximum one root which can be at origin and has well designed large negative transfer function pole.
49.

Stability of a system implies that :(a) Small changes in the system input does not result in large change in system output(b) Small changes in the system parameters does not result in large change in system output(c) Small changes in the initial conditions does not result in large change in system output(d) Small changes in the initial conditions result in large change in system outputI had been asked this question in quiz.This question is from Stability of Nonlinear System topic in division Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer» CORRECT option is (a) SMALL changes in the system INPUT does not RESULT in large change in system output

Easiest explanation: Stability of the system implies that small changes in the system input, initial conditions, and system PARAMETERS does not result in large change in system output.
50.

In a system low friction co-efficient facilitates:(a) Reduced velocity lag error(b) Increased velocity lag error(c) Increased speed of response(d) Reduced time constant of the systemThis question was posed to me in semester exam.My question is from Common Physical Nonlinearities topic in chapter Nonlinear Systems of Control Systems

Answer»

Right choice is (a) Reduced velocity lag ERROR

To EXPLAIN: In a system low friction facilitates reduced velocity error as the friction error is EQUAL to the velocity error.