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The Octal sequence (547)g has the decimal equivalent:
(547)₈ = 5 × 8² + 4 × 8¹ + 7 × 8⁰
= 5 × 64 + 4 × 8 + 7 × 1
= 320 + 32 + 7 – (359)₁₀

Correct answer is (c) 48

Correct answer is (d) 1

Correct answer is (c) 12

Correct answer is (d) (13)₁₀

A hexadecimal number is represented using base 16. Hexadecimal or Hex numbers are used as a shorthand form of binary sequence. This system is used to represent data in a more compact manner. Since 16 symbols are used, 0 to F, the notation is called hexadecimal. The first 10 symbols are the same as in the decimal system, 0 to 9 and the remaining 6 symbols are taken from the first 6 letters of the alphabet sequence, A to F, where A represents 10, B is 11, C is 12, D is 13, E is 14 and F is 15.
 

Eg: The hexadecimal sequence (25)₁₆ has the decimal equivalent:

(25)₁₆ = 2 × 16¹ + 5 × 16⁰
= 32 + 5 = (37)₁₀

(b) American Standard Code for Information Interchange

(d) American Standard Code for Information Interchange

Correct answer is (a) 64

To convert Binary to Decimal we can use positional notation method.

1. Step 1: Write down the Binary digits and list the powers of 2 from right to left (Positional Notation) 

2. Step 2: For each positional notation written for the digit, now write the equivalent weight. 

3. Step 3: Multiply each digit with its corresponding weight. 

4. Step 4: Add all the values.

D is the Hexadecimal equivalent.

The decimal value of Binary number 10 is 2

1. Signed magnitude representation

2. 1’s complement

3. 2’s complement

(a) Binary coded decimal

ISCII is the system of handling the character of Indian local languages. This as a 8-bit coding system. Therefore it can handle 256 (2s) characters. This system is formulated by the department of Electronics in India in the year 1986-88 and recognized by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Now this coding system is integrated with Unicode.

1. BCD stands for Binary Coded Decimal system.

2. BCD is 26 bit encoding system.

3. IT can handle 64 characters.

ISCII – Indian Standard Code for Information Interchange (ISCII) is the system of handling the character of Indian local languages. This is a 8 – bit coding system. Therefore it can handle 256 (2⁸) characters. It is recognized by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). It is integrated with Unicode.

The supported scripts are: Assamese, Bengali (Bangla), Devanagari, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Tamil, and Telugu. ISCII does not encode the writing systems of India based on Arabic, but its writing system switching codes none the less provide for Kashmiri, Sindhi, Urdu, Persian, Pashto and Arabic. The Arabic – based writing systems were subsequently encoded in the PASCII encoding.

ISCII is an 8 – bit encoding. The lower 128 code points are plain ASCII, the upper 128 code points are ISCII – specific. In addition to the code points representing characters, ISCII makes use of a code point with mnemonic ATR that indicates that the following byte contains one of two kinds of information. One set of values changes the writing system until the next writing system indicator or end – of – line.

In Binary Number System, there are only two digits namely 0 and 1. The numbers in the binary system are represented to the base

2. In the Binary Number, the left most bit is the Most Significant Bit (MSB) and the right most bit is the Least Significant Bit (LSB). MSB has largest positional weight and LSB has smallest positional weight.

Example : 110010₂

Unicode can handles 65536 characters

The base value of a number is also known as the radix.

The radix refers to the base of a number system: the total number of possible digits. The decimal number system that we all use is base ten, as it has ten distinct digits (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9).

Example : Binary system – Radix 2

A numbering system is a way of representing numbers. The most commonly used numbering system in real life is Decimal number system. Other number systems are Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal number system. Each number system is uniquely identified by its base value or radix. Radix or base is the count of number of digits in each number system. Radix or base is the general idea behind positional numbering system. 

Eg: (123)₁₀ , (547)g , (1001)₂ , (25)₁₆

1. BCD – Binary Coded Decimal

2. EBCDIC – Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code 

3. ASCII – American Standard Code for Information Interchange

4. Unicode

5. ISCII – Indian standard code for Information interchange

Correct answer is (c) D

Correct answer is (b) 11011001

Since it is a positive number. 1 ’s complement will come only for negative number.

There are several encoding systems used for computer. 

They are

1. BCD: Binary Coded Decimal. 

2. EBCDIC: Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code.

3. ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange. 

4. Unicode 

5. ISCII: Indian Standard Code for Information Interchange.

1’s complement representation is an easier approach to represent signed numbers. This is for negative numbers only. This (28)10 this whole numbers cannot be determined by negative number because the number whose MSB is 1.

(b) least significant bit

(a) most significant bit

Correct answer is (a) signed magnitude

Correct answer is (b) binary digit

64 characters can be handled in Binary Coded Decimal System