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The pair of Feelers in the head region of Cockroach is called antennae. It senses the Food and pushes the Food in to the mouth.

B) Through light reaction

The major steps of digestion are 

1. Ingestion 

2. Digestion 

3. Absorption 

4. Defecation.

Malnutrition : Eating of food that does not have one or more than one nutrients in required amount is known as malnutrition

1.  The hydroxyl ions (OH^-) through a series of steps produce water (H₂O) and oxygen (O₂ ).
2.  O₂ , ATP and NADPH are formed at the end of the light reaction.
3. The time gap between the light and dark reaction is less than even one-thousandth of a second.
4.  The dark reaction does not depend on light.
5.  In the dark reaction, the hydrogen of the NADPH is used to combine with CO₂ by utilizing ATP energy and to produce glucose.
6. Heterotrophic nutrition involves the intake of complex materials prepared by other organisms.
7. Saprophytes like bread moulds, yeast, mushrooms, etc., break down the food materials outside the body and then absorb them.
8. Some organisms take in whole material and break it down inside their bodies, eg: animals.

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and mineral salts are the nutrients present in balanced diet.

Amoeba takes food through the projections of the body surface called pseudopodia.

D) They are energy providing nutrients.

A boy from uneducated area is suffering from ulceration in the mouth. It is due to the deficiency of B₂ vitamin

(A) Marasmus

The correct answers is Marasmus.

A) Glucose, starch, cellulose

6CO₂ + 12H₂O\(​​​​​​\underset{chlorophyl} {\stackrel {light}{\longrightarrow}}\) C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ + 6H₂O

1. This equation represents the process of photosynthesis. For the photosynthesis tooccur, four factors are required. They are carbon dioxide, water, light and chlorophyll.

2. 6 molecules of carbon dioxide and 12 molecules of water in the presence of sun light and chlorophyll forms 1 molecule of glucose, 6 molecules of water and 6 molecules of oxygen.

B) Glucose which is formed in photosynthesis immediately converted to carbohydrates

All the living organisms on the earth depends on the plants either directly or indirectly for the food and oxygen.

1. Plants play the most important part in the cycle of nature. 

2. Without plants there could be no life on earth.

3. Plants are the only organisms that can make their own food and all other living beings directly or indirectly depend on plants for their food. 

4. Moreover plants release oxygen into the atmosphere through photosynthesis. 

5. Oxygen is essential for the organisms to respire. 

6. Hence without green plants, all life on the earth would come to an end.

The special intermediate compound of dark reaction RUBP

1. The food once enters our body it gets digested by various enzymes in different parts of alimentary canal. 

2. Digestion starts in the mouth and it completes in the small intestine. 

3. Finally it absorbed in the small intestine into the circulatory system.

A) Living organisms will not get O₂

(D) Calciferol

(A) Pyridoxin

(A) i, ii, iii, iv

C) Salivary Amylase

1. Saliva is secreted by three pairs of salivary glands present in the mouth. 

2. Human saliva contains an enzyme called amylase (ptyalin). 

3. It converts starch into maltose (a sugar). 

4. The food is mixed thoroughly with saliva and becomes wet and slippery. 

5. Saliva helps in the smooth passage of food in the food pipe.

B) Pernicious anaemia

Cyanocobalamine : B₁₂ :: Niacin : B₃

Deficiency of folk acid causes Anaemia

Kwashiorkor disease occurs due to protein deficiency.

(C) Marasmus

If we consume more junk foods we may suffer from Obesity.

1. Obesity is due to over eating and excess of energy intake. 

2. It is a big health hazard. Obese children when grow, they will be target of many diseases. 

3. Obesity children usually suffer from diabetes, cardiovascular, renal, gall bladder problems. 

4. Eating junk foods and other food habits lead to obesity.

• Obesity is the state of being overweight. 
• Junk food eaten frequently causes obesity. 
• Obesity is not good for health.

To avoid obesity :

1. Have a balanced diet. 

2. Eat whole grains, fruits and vegetables with their skins. 

3. Increase use of bicycles. 

4. Play more outdoor games. 

5. Do not eat if you are not hungry. 

6. Do not watch T.V while eating. 

7. Avoid precooked, packaged food. 

8. Exercise regularly.

1. What are the reasons for Obesity? 

2. How to reduce the body weight? 

3. What are the consequences of obesity? 

4. What type of food you suggest to people suffering from obesity?

Van Neil first worked on purple sulphur bacteria and found light plays a specific role in photosynthesis.

C. B. Van Neil was a Dutch American microbiologist.

He made key discoveries explaining the chemistry of photosynthesis.

By studying purple sulphur bacteria and green bacteria, he was the first scientist to demonstrate that photosynthesis is a light-dependent redox reaction, in which hydrogen from an oxidizable compound reduces carbon dioxide to cellular materials.

His discovery predicted that H₂O is the hydrogen donor in green plants photosynthesis.

The examples for parasitic organisms are cuscuta (plant), lice, leeches and tapeworms (animals).

Some plants Capable to photosynthesis take shelter in the host tree Such plants are Called epiphytes 

Example : Orchids.

The organism which obtain Food From dead and decaying organic matter by decomposing the Same are Called as Saprophytes 

Example : bacteria, Fungi.