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1.

Which of these following currents flow from the northern polar regiorTup to Antarctica? (a) Warm ocean currents (b) Surface ocean currents (c) Cold ocean currents (d) Deep ocean currents

Answer»

Correct option is (d) Deep ocean currents

2.

Why do the ports in the eastern coast of Canada freeze in winter?

Answer»

1. Labrador cold current flows along the eastern coast of Canada. 

2. Due to Labrador cold current, the temperature of sea water near the eastern coast of Canada decreases. 

3. Due to fall in temperature, the sea water along the eastern coast of Canada start freezing. As its effect, the ports in the eastern coast of Canada freeze in winter.

3.

Explain the effect of-Meeting of warm and cold ocean currents.

Answer»

1. Dense fog is found in the meeting point of warm and cold ocean currents. Algae, plankton, etc. fish food grow on a large scale in these areas. 

2. Fish come in these areas on a large scale and breed. Therefore, extensive fishing grounds are found in the areas where warm and cold ocean currents meet.

4.

Examine the following statements and correct the incorrect ones:(i) Labrador is a warm ocean current.(ii) Surface ocean currents flow with high velocity.(iii) Even though the velocity of ocean currents is less, the water carried by them is immense(iv) The ocean currents flow near the lower boundary of the continental shelf.

Answer»

(i) Incorrect. 

Correct statement: Labrador is a cold ocean current.

(ii) Incorrect. 

Correct statement: Surface ocean currents flow with slow velocity.

(iii) Correct.

(iv) Correct.

5.

Examine the given statements and correct the wrong ones:(i) Ocean currents give specific direction and velocity to the water.(ii) The deep ocean currents flow with high velocity.(iii) Generally, surface ocean currents are formed in the equatorial regions.(iv) Ocean currents hold great importance for human life(v) The movement of icebergs is not dangerous for water transport.(vi) Water becomes warm near Brazil due to ocean currents. On the other hand, it becomes cold near African coast.

Answer»

(i) Correct.

(ii) Correct.

(iii) Incorrect. 

Correct statement: Generally, surface ocean currents are formed in the equatorial region as well as polar region.

(iv) Correct.

(v) Incorrect. 

Correct statement: The movement of icebergs is dangerous for water transport.

(vi) Incorrect. 

Correct statement: Water becomes warm near Brazil due to ocean currents. Similarly, it also becomes warm near African coast.

6.

Explain the effect of-Cold ocean currents on the movement of icebergs.

Answer»

1. Due to cold ocean currents, icebergs are moved away from the polar regions. 

2. These icebergs come along the marine routes and prove hazardous to the ships.

7.

Which factors are responsible for the formation of ocean currents?

Answer»

Difference in temperature of seawater, difference in density of seawater and planetary winds are the factors responsible for the formation of ocean currents.

8.

Write in brief about cold ocean currents.

Answer»

1. Ocean currents that move water away from the poles to the Equator are called cold ocean currents.

2. Cold ocean currents are formed in the polar region and they flow towards the equatorial region. 

3. The cold currents decrease the temperature and precipitation in the coastal areas along with which they flow. For example, the cold ocean currents flowing along with the coastal areas of Peru, Chile, and southeastern Africa, decreases the amount of precipitation in the coastal areas along with which they flow. As its effect, arid desert areas are formed in Peru, Chile, and southwestern Africa. 

4. Falkland, Labrador, Canary, Oyashio, Benguela, etc. are some of the cold ocean currents.

9.

Explain the effect of-Warm ocean currents on climate.

Answer»

1. The amount of precipitation increases in the coastal region along with which the warm ocean currents flow. 

2. Similarly, the temperature increases in the coastal region along with which the warm ocean currents flow.

10.

Which factor out of the following does not affect the region along the coast? (a) Precipitation (b) Temperature (c) Land breeze (d) Salinity

Answer»

Correct option is (c) Land breeze

11.

Look at the map of ocean currents and answer the following:(i) How does the Humboldt current affect the climate of the South America?(ii) In which oceans are counter equatorial currents not observed and why?(iii) Which currents are absent in the northern part of the Indian Ocean and why?(iv) In which regions do the cold and warm ocean currents meet?

Answer»

(i) Humboldt current is a cold ocean current and so it decreases the amount of precipitation and temperature on the western coastal region of the South America.

(ii) Counter equatorial currents are not observed in Arctic Ocean and Southern Ocean. These oceans are located near the polar regions. Therefore, the effects of trade winds is found to be less in these oceans Therefore, counter equatorial currents are not observed in these oceans.

(iii) Cold currents are absent in the northern part of the Indian Ocean. The northern part of Indian Ocean is included in the temperate zone. So cold currents are absent in the northern part of the Indian Ocean.

(iv) The cold and warm ocean currents S meet in the following regions:

1. North Atlantic Ocean (cold Labrador current and warm Gulf stream current) 

2. North Pacific Ocean (cold Oyashio current and warm ! Kurishio current)

3. South Atlantic Ocean ! (cold Falkland current and warm Brazil current) 

4. South Pacific Ocean (cold South Polar current and warm East Australian current) 

5. Indian Ocean (cold South Polar i current and Agulhas Current)