Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

1. PERFORM the CALCULATION in the SQL statements itself.
2. USE a calculated / SUMMARY column in the DATA model.

1. USING static VALUES.
2. Writing select STATEMENT.

1. SOURCE PANE.
2. INTERPRETER pane

1.  SOURCE PANE.
2. INTERPRETER pane.
3. NAVIGATOR pane.

A combo BOX style LIST item combines the features found in list and text item. Unlike the pop list or the text list style list ITEMS, the combo box style list item will both display fixed values and accept one OPERATOR entered value.

A combo box style list item combines the features found in list and text item. Unlike the pop list or the text list style list items, the combo box style list item will both display fixed values and accept one operator entered value.

A FRAME is a holder for a group of fields. A REPEATING frame is USED to display a SET of RECORDS when the no. of records that are to displayed is not known before.

A frame is a holder for a group of fields. A repeating frame is used to display a set of records when the no. of records that are to displayed is not known before.

A GROUP that forms PART of a CROSS PRODUCT will have a thicker border.

A group that forms part of a cross product will have a thicker border.

Start by creating a database schema (usually called rman). Assign an appropriate tablespace to it and grant it the recovery_catalog_owner role. Look at this example: 

Next, log in to rman and create the catalog schema. Prior to Oracle 8i this was done by RUNNING the catrman.sql SCRIPT. rman catalog rman/rman

You can now continue by registering your DATABASES in the catalog. Look at this example: 
rman catalog rman/rman target backdba/backdba

Start by creating a database schema (usually called rman). Assign an appropriate tablespace to it and grant it the recovery_catalog_owner role. Look at this example: 

Next, log in to rman and create the catalog schema. Prior to Oracle 8i this was done by running the catrman.sql script. rman catalog rman/rman

You can now continue by registering your databases in the catalog. Look at this example: 
rman catalog rman/rman target backdba/backdba

Enterprise Backup Utility (EBU) is a functionally rich, high performance INTERFACE for backing up Oracle7 databases. It is sometimes referred to as OEBU for Oracle Enterprise Backup Utility. The Oracle Recovery MANAGER (RMAN) utility that ships with Oracle8 and above is similar to Oracle7's EBU utility. However, there is no direct upgrade PATH from EBU to RMAN.

Enterprise Backup Utility (EBU) is a functionally rich, high performance interface for backing up Oracle7 databases. It is sometimes referred to as OEBU for Oracle Enterprise Backup Utility. The Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) utility that ships with Oracle8 and above is similar to Oracle7's EBU utility. However, there is no direct upgrade path from EBU to RMAN.

A physical page is a size of a page. That is OUTPUT by the printer. The LOGICAL page is the size of one page of the actual report as seen in the PREVIEWER.

A physical page is a size of a page. That is output by the printer. The logical page is the size of one page of the actual report as seen in the Previewer.

The following INIT.ORA parameter may be required if your current redo logs are corrupted or blown away. Caution is ADVISED when enabling this parameter as you might end-up losing your entire database. PLEASE contact ORACLE SUPPORT before using it.
_allow_resetlogs_corruption = TRUE

The following INIT.ORA parameter may be required if your current redo logs are corrupted or blown away. Caution is advised when enabling this parameter as you might end-up losing your entire database. Please contact Oracle Support before using it.
_allow_resetlogs_corruption = true

Recovery without any BACKUP is normally not SUPPORTED, however, Oracle Consulting can sometimes extract data from an offline DATABASE using a utility called DUL (Disk UnLoad). This utility reads data in the data files and unloads it into SQL*Loader or export dump files. DUL does not care about rollback segments, corrupted BLOCKS, etc, and can thus not guarantee that the data is not logically corrupt. It is intended as an absolute last resort and will most likely cost your company a LOT of money!!!

Recovery without any backup is normally not supported, however, Oracle Consulting can sometimes extract data from an offline database using a utility called DUL (Disk UnLoad). This utility reads data in the data files and unloads it into SQL*Loader or export dump files. DUL does not care about rollback segments, corrupted blocks, etc, and can thus not guarantee that the data is not logically corrupt. It is intended as an absolute last resort and will most likely cost your company a lot of money!!!

• ADD-GROUP_COLUMN (FUNCTION)
• ADD_GROUP_ROW (PROCEDURE)
• DELETE_GROUP_ROW(procedure)

Because for each QUERY, REPORT has to open a separate cursor and has to rebind, EXECUTE and FETCH data.

Because for each query, report has to open a separate cursor and has to rebind, execute and fetch data.

BOILER PLATE IMAGES, IMAGE ITEMS.

Boiler plate images, Image Items.

Different versions of the import utility is upwards compatible. This means that one can take an EXPORT file created from an old export version, and import it using a LATER version of the import utility. This is quite an effective way of upgrading a database from one RELEASE of Oracle to the next.

Oracle also SHIPS some previous catexpX.sql scripts that can be executed as user SYS enabling older imp/exp versions to work (for backwards compatibility). For example, one can run $ORACLE_HOME /rdbms /admin/catexp7.sql on an Oracle 8 database to allow the Oracle 7.3 exp/imp UTILITIES to run against an Oracle 8 database.

Different versions of the import utility is upwards compatible. This means that one can take an export file created from an old export version, and import it using a later version of the import utility. This is quite an effective way of upgrading a database from one release of Oracle to the next.

Oracle also ships some previous catexpX.sql scripts that can be executed as user SYS enabling older imp/exp versions to work (for backwards compatibility). For example, one can run $ORACLE_HOME /rdbms /admin/catexp7.sql on an Oracle 8 database to allow the Oracle 7.3 exp/imp utilities to run against an Oracle 8 database.

Before one import rows into already POPULATED TABLES, one needs to truncate or drop these tables to get rid of the old data. If not, the new data will be appended to the existing tables. One must always DROP existing Sequences before re-importing. If the sequences are not dropped, they will generate NUMBERS inconsistent with the rest of the DATABASE. 

Before one import rows into already populated tables, one needs to truncate or drop these tables to get rid of the old data. If not, the new data will be appended to the existing tables. One must always DROP existing Sequences before re-importing. If the sequences are not dropped, they will generate numbers inconsistent with the rest of the database. 

By USING the STATEMENT EXECIAFGET & EXECIAFPUT.

By using the statement EXECIAFGET & EXECIAFPUT.

• CREATE-GROUP (FUNCTION)
• CREATE_GROUP_FROM_QUERY(function)
• DELETE_GROUP(PROCEDURE)

Destype and Desname.

Destype and Desname.

Double CLICKING the mouse CONSISTS of the mouse down, mouse up, mouse CLICK, mouse down & mouse up EVENTS.

Double clicking the mouse consists of the mouse down, mouse up, mouse click, mouse down & mouse up events.

One of the biggest responsibilities of a DBA is to ensure that the Oracle database is tuned properly. The Oracle RDBMS is highly tunable and allows the database to be monitored and adjusted to increase its performance. One should do performance tuning for the following reasons:

The speed of COMPUTING might be wasting valuable human time (USERS waiting for response); Enable your system to keep-up with the speed BUSINESS is conducted; and Optimize hardware usage to save money (companies are spending millions on hardware). Although this FAQ is not overly concerned with hardware issues, one needs to REMEMBER than you cannot tune a Buick into a FERRARI.

One of the biggest responsibilities of a DBA is to ensure that the Oracle database is tuned properly. The Oracle RDBMS is highly tunable and allows the database to be monitored and adjusted to increase its performance. One should do performance tuning for the following reasons:

The speed of computing might be wasting valuable human time (users waiting for response); Enable your system to keep-up with the speed business is conducted; and Optimize hardware usage to save money (companies are spending millions on hardware). Although this FAQ is not overly concerned with hardware issues, one needs to remember than you cannot tune a Buick into a Ferrari.

• FIND_GROUP(FUNCTION)
• FIND_COLUMN(function)

• Find_group(FUNCTION)
• Find_column(function)

• find_timer
• create_timer
• delete_timer.

Fires when ORACLE FORMS first MARKS a record as an insert or an update. The trigger fires as soon as oracle forms determines through validation that the record should be PROCESSED by the next post or commit as an insert or update. c generally occurs only when the OPERATORS modifies the first item in the record, and after the operator attempts to navigate out of the item.

Fires when oracle forms first marks a record as an insert or an update. The trigger fires as soon as oracle forms determines through validation that the record should be processed by the next post or commit as an insert or update. c generally occurs only when the operators modifies the first item in the record, and after the operator attempts to navigate out of the item.

• GET_GROUP_CHAR_CELL (FUNCTION)
• GET_GROUPCELL(function)
• GET_GROUP_NUMBET_CELL(function)

• Get_group_row_count(FUNCTION)
• Get_group_selection_count(function)
• Get_group_selection(function)
• Reset_group_selection(PROCEDURE)
• Set_group_selection(procedure)
• Unset_group_selection(procedure)

• get_lov_property
• set_lov_property

• In PLACE ACTIVATION,
• EXTERNAL activation.

In Reports 2.0 the link tool has to be SELECTED and then two fields to be linked are selected and the link is AUTOMATICALLY created. In 2.5 the first FIELD is selected and the link tool is then USED to link the first field to the SECOND field.

In Reports 2.0 the link tool has to be selected and then two fields to be linked are selected and the link is automatically created. In 2.5 the first field is selected and the link tool is then used to link the first field to the second field.

LOVS can be ATTACHED to parameters in the REPORTS 2.5 PARAMETER FORM.

LOVs can be attached to parameters in the reports 2.5 parameter form.

No.

No.

If you allow people to log in with OPS$ accounts from WINDOWS Workstations, you cannot be SURE who they really are. With terminals, you can rely on OPERATING system passwords, with Windows, you cannot.

If you set REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT=TRUE in your init.ora file, Oracle assumes that the remote OS has authenticated the user. If REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT is set to FALSE (recommended), remote users will be unable to connect without a password. IDENTIFIED EXTERNALLY will only be in effect from the local host. ALSO, if you are using "OPS$" as your PREFIX, you will be able to log on locally with or without a password, regardless of whether you have identified your ID with a password or defined it to be IDENTIFIED EXTERNALLY.

If you allow people to log in with OPS$ accounts from Windows Workstations, you cannot be sure who they really are. With terminals, you can rely on operating system passwords, with Windows, you cannot.

If you set REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT=TRUE in your init.ora file, Oracle assumes that the remote OS has authenticated the user. If REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT is set to FALSE (recommended), remote users will be unable to connect without a password. IDENTIFIED EXTERNALLY will only be in effect from the local host. Also, if you are using "OPS$" as your prefix, you will be able to log on locally with or without a password, regardless of whether you have identified your ID with a password or defined it to be IDENTIFIED EXTERNALLY.

The Oracle Password File ($ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw or orapwSID) stores passwords for users with administrative privileges. ONE needs to create a password files before remote administrators (like OEM) will be allowed to connect.

Follow this procedure to create a new password file:

• Log in as the Oracle SOFTWARE owner
• Runcommand: orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=mypasswd
• Shutdown the DATABASE (SQLPLUS> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE)
• Edit the INIT.ORA file and ensure REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=exclusive is SET.
• Startup the database (SQLPLUS> STARTUP)

The Oracle Password File ($ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw or orapwSID) stores passwords for users with administrative privileges. One needs to create a password files before remote administrators (like OEM) will be allowed to connect.

Follow this procedure to create a new password file:

Removes the source CODE from the LIBRARY file and generates a library FILES that contains only pcode. The resulting file can be used for final deployment, but can not be subsequently EDITED in the designer.ex. f45gen module=old_lib.pll userid=scott/tiger strip_source YES output_file.

Removes the source code from the library file and generates a library files that contains only pcode. The resulting file can be used for final deployment, but can not be subsequently edited in the designer.ex. f45gen module=old_lib.pll userid=scott/tiger strip_source YES output_file.

• set_item_property
• get_item_property

(by SETTING the LOV_NAME PROPERTY)

(by setting the LOV_NAME property)

• System.mouse_button_pressed
• System.mouse_button_shift_state
• system.mouse_item
• system.mouse_canvas
• system.mouse_record

The CONSOLE includes the status line and MESSAGE line, and is DISPLAYED at the bottom of the window to which it is assigned.To specify that the console should be displayed, SET the console window form property to the NAME of any window in the form. To include the console, set console window to Null.

The console includes the status line and message line, and is displayed at the bottom of the window to which it is assigned.To specify that the console should be displayed, set the console window form property to the name of any window in the form. To include the console, set console window to Null.

To INDIRECTLY reference a parameter use the NAME IN, COPY 'built-ins to indirectly SET and reference the parameters VALUE' Example name_in ('capital parameter my param'), Copy ('SURESH','Parameter my_param')

To indirectly reference a parameter use the NAME IN, COPY 'built-ins to indirectly set and reference the parameters value' Example name_in ('capital parameter my param'), Copy ('SURESH','Parameter my_param')

The TWO types of VIEWS available in the OBJECT navigator are:

• View by structure
• view by TYPE .

The two types of views available in the object navigator are:

When confine MODE is on, an object cannot be MOVED outside its parent in the LAYOUT.

When confine mode is on, an object cannot be moved outside its parent in the layout.

When FLEX mode is on, REPORTS automatically resizes the PARENT when the CHILD is RESIZED.

When flex mode is on, reports automatically resizes the parent when the child is resized.

While both reports 2.0 and 2.5 CREATE the parameter, report 2.5 GIVES a MESSAGE that a BIND parameter has been created.

While both reports 2.0 and 2.5 create the parameter, report 2.5 gives a message that a bind parameter has been created.

The data DICTIONARY CACHE is stored in an AREA in SGA called the shared pool. This will allow sharing of parsed SQL statements among CONCURRENT users.

The data dictionary cache is stored in an area in SGA called the shared pool. This will allow sharing of parsed SQL statements among concurrent users.

A SNAPSHOT log is a table in the MASTER database that is ASSOCIATED with the master table. ORACLE uses a snapshot log to track the rows that have been updated in the master table. Snapshot LOGS are USED in updating the snapshots based on the master table.

A snapshot log is a table in the master database that is associated with the master table. ORACLE uses a snapshot log to track the rows that have been updated in the master table. Snapshot logs are used in updating the snapshots based on the master table.

By setting the following values in init.ora file. LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT = arch %S/s/T/tarc (%S - Log sequence number and is zero LEFT paded, %s - Log sequence number not PADDED. %T - Thread number lef-zero-paded and %t - Thread number not padded). The file NAME CREATED is arch 0001 are if %S is USED. LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST = path.

By setting the following values in init.ora file. LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT = arch %S/s/T/tarc (%S - Log sequence number and is zero left paded, %s - Log sequence number not padded. %T - Thread number lef-zero-paded and %t - Thread number not padded). The file name created is arch 0001 are if %S is used. LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST = path.

Unlike normal tablespaces, true temporary tablespace information is not LISTED in DBA_FREE_SPACE. Instead use the V$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER view:

• SELECT tablespace_name, SUM (bytes USED), SUM (bytes free)
• FROM V$temp_space_header
• GROUP BY tablespace_name;

Unlike normal tablespaces, true temporary tablespace information is not listed in DBA_FREE_SPACE. Instead use the V$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER view:

TEMPFILES, unlike NORMAL datafiles, are not LISTED in v$datafile or dba_data_files. Instead QUERY v$tempfile or dba_temp_files:

• SELECT * FROM v$tempfile;
• SELECT * FROM dba_temp_files;

Tempfiles, unlike normal datafiles, are not listed in v$datafile or dba_data_files. Instead query v$tempfile or dba_temp_files:

MONITORING of USER access to aid in the INVESTIGATION of database USE.

Monitoring of user access to aid in the investigation of database use.