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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 51. |
Which of the following is an incorrect match ?A. Bacteria - Thick walled resting sporesB. Bear - HibernationC. Zooplantons - DiapauseD. Lizard - Aestivation |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Aestivation is a state of inactivity occurring in some animals, notably lungfish, during prolonged periods of drought or heat. Feeding, respiration, movement and other body activities are considerably slowed down. Reptiles such as lizard hibernate in winters. |
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| 52. |
Which of the following problems does the frequent deep eas diver organisms like whales may face ?A. Compression of tissues surrounding air filled cavitiesB. High blood nitrogen levelsC. Lack of oxygenD. All of these |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Diving to depth can result in mechanical distrotion and tissue compression, espectially in gas-filled spaces of the body. Absorption of nitrogen into blood can cause high bolld nitrogen levels which can exert a narcotic effect. Lungs of the deep-diver cannot serve as a source of oxygen during the dive. |
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| 53. |
Organisms may avoid stressful conditions by suspending their activities for sometime. If they do it to aviod high temperature it is called ________and if they do it to avoid low temperature then it is called _________A. aestivation, migrationB. migration, hibernationC. aestivation, hibernationD. hibernation, aestivation |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Various orgnaisms, if unable to migrate, might avoid the unfavourable environment by escaping in time. Polar bears go into hibernation during winter season to escape exterme cold. Some snails and fis undergo aestivation to aviod summer- related problems like heat and desication , etc. |
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| 54. |
Phenomenon when organisms resembling others for escaping from enemies isA. adaptationB. mimicryC. homologyD. analogy |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Mimicry is the phenomenon of resemblance of one species with another. It is a means of adaptation and protection against predation. The species which is cpied is called a model, while the animal which copies other is known as mimic, e.g. viceroy butterfly mimics toxic monarch butterfly. |
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| 55. |
Opuntia has spine like leaves which help inA. reducing the rate of transpirationB. increasing the rate of transpirationC. increasing the rate of photosynthesisD. reducing the rate of photosynthesis |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 56. |
When we are in a hot room, we sweat profuselt. It is a __________means of maintaining homeostasis.A. morphologicalB. physiologicalC. behaviouralD. none of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 57. |
Soil that is best suited for plant growth is:A. clayB. loamyC. sandyD. gravel |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Loamy soil containing about 1 part clay, 2 parts silt and 2 parts sand (20% clay, 40% silt and 40% sand) is best for plant growth because it possesses good aeration, sufficient nutritive salts and good water retaining capacity. |
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| 58. |
Which of the following options is correct ?A. `{:("Homiothermic organism","Poikilothermic organism"),("Man","Cow"):}`B. `{:("Homiothermic organism","Poikilothermic organism"),("Cockroach","Man"):}`C. `{:("Homiothermic organism","Poikilothermic organism"),("Lizard","Frog"):}`D. `{:("Homiothermic organism","Poikilothermic organism"),("Cow","Frog"):}` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 59. |
Which one of the following organisms reproduces sexually only once in its life time ?A. Banana plantB. MangoC. TomatoD. Eucalyptus |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Since tomato is an annula plant, it is the correct answer. |
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| 60. |
Which of the following options is correct ?A. `{:("Stenothermal organism","Eurythermal organism"),("Frog","Lizard"):}`B. `{:("Stenothermal organism","Eurythermal organism"),("Frog","Man"):}`C. `{:("Stenothermal organism","Eurythermal organism"),("Man","Lizard"):}`D. `{:("Stenothermal organism","Eurythermal organism"),("Polar bear","Coconut tree"):}` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Organisms with narrow range of temperature tolerance are called stenothermal organisms, e.g., polar bear, frog, lizards, coconut, etc. The organisms with wide range of temperature tolerance are called eurythermal organisms e.g., most mammals and birds. |
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| 61. |
Organisms that can tolerate a wide range of salt concentration are termed asA. stenohalineB. euryhalineC. anadromousD. catadromous |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Animals that can tolerate only a small range of salinity are stenohaline. |
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| 62. |
A place has very scanty rainfall, the dominant plants there mat beA. OpuntiaB. NymphaeaC. AsparagusD. both (a) and (c) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D The plants which grow in dry or xeric conditions or where availability of water is negligible, are known as xerophytes. Opuntia and Asparagus are succulents which store water in their stem. |
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| 63. |
Organisms that can tolerate a wide range of salt concentration are termed asA. stenosalineB. stenohalineC. euryhalineD. eurysaline |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Euryhaline organisms are able to tolerate a wide range of salt concentration (or salinities). E.g., Poecilia sphenops is a fishthat can live in fresh water, brackish water or salt water. |
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| 64. |
Life is sustainable with water only becauseA. it makes `90%` of the protoplasmB. translocation of nutrients inside the body occurs with the help of waterC. water loss in form of sweating helps to maintain body temperatureD. all of these |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Protoplasm is the material comprising the living contents of a cell. It consists of `70 - 90%` water alongwith the minerals, sugars, amino acids, proteins, enzymes, etc. the translocation of nutrients inside the body occurs via. blood which also majorly consists of water. In an environment with excessive heat, water lose in the form of sweating keeps the body cool. Thus, water maintains body temperature. |
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| 65. |
Assertion : A population growing in a habitat with limited resources shows initially a lag phase, followed by phase of accelerated and deceleration and finally as asymptote, when the population density reaches the carrying capacity. Reason : In Verhulst-Pearl Logistic growth, plot of N (population density) at time (t) results in a sigmoid curve. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B A population growing in a habitat with limited resources shows initially a lag phase, followed by phases of acceleration and deceleration and finally an asymptote, when the population denstiy reaches the carrying capacity. A plot of population density (N) in relation to time (t) results in a sigmoid curve. This type of population growth is called Verhulst-Pearl Logistic Growth and is described by the following equations: `(dN)/(dt)=rN((K-N)/(K))` Where N = Population density at time t r = Intrinsic rate of natural increase and K = Carrying capacity. |
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| 66. |
A freshwater organism cannot survive in a water body that has greater _____than its original habitat.A. oxygen contentB. depthC. salt concentrationD. water clarity |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C For aquatic organisms the quality (chemical composition, pH) of water is very importat. The salt concentration (measured as salinity in parts per thousand), is less than 5 parts per thousand in inland waters, 30-35 parts per thousand in the sea and more than 100 parts per thousand in some hypersaline lagoons. Many fresh water animals cannot live for long in sea water and vica versa because of the osmotic problems they would face. |
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| 67. |
It is much easier for a small animal to run uphill than for a large animal, because:A. smaller animals have a higher metabolic rateB. small animals have a lower `O_(2)` requirement the efficiency of muscles in large animals is less than in the small animalsC. it is easier to carry a small body weightD. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Basal metabolic rate is inversely proportional to body size. So, smaller animals have a higher metabolic rate, thus have quick and more energy required to go up the hills. |
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| 68. |
Given figure represents the soil profile, showing different layers/horizons of soil. Which of the following statements regarding the soil profile are not true ? (i) Maximum roots of plants are found in horizon `A`. (ii) Maximum nutrients are present in horizon `B`. (iii) Horizon `B` contains partly weathered rocks. (iv) Horizon `C` contains roots of the plants and mineral salts.A. (i) and (ii)B. (i) and (iii)C. (ii) and (iv)D. (i),(ii) and (iii) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Maximum nutrients are found in the uppermost O-horizon. It contains organic matter in various stages of decomposition which produces human. It is a reservoir of plant nutrients. Roots of most of the plants remains restricted to A-Horizon. This is also called top-soil and is rich in microorganisms. |
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| 69. |
Assertion : Predatos maintain species diversity. Reason : Predators reduce the intensity of competition among competing prey species. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Predation is an interaction between members of two species in which members of one species capture, kill and eat up members of other species. The former are called predators while the latter are spoken as preys. Predators also help in maintaining species diversity in a community, by reducing the intensity of competition among competing prey species. |
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| 70. |
Niche of a species in an ecosystem refers to itsA. function at its place of occurrenceB. place of its occurrenceC. competitive abilityD. centre of origin |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Niche word is used for the functional role of species or population that it plays in its ecosystem. |
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| 71. |
Keystone species in an ecosystem are those:A. are present in maximum numberB. are most frequentC. attain a large biomassD. contribute to ecosystem properties |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Keysteon species of an ecosystem is a species that exerts an important regulatory effect on other species in the community, i.e. contributes to ecosystems properties. It maintains higher species diversity in a community by reducing the densities of strong competitors. |
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| 72. |
The relationship between population density `(N_(t))` and population growth rate `(R = N_(t+1) l N_(t))` in a certain animal species is shown below. Choose from the following graphs the appropriate populations growth patterns that would be obtained if the population is at the densities (I, II, III) shown in the graph above. [Note : THe y-axis in A to D is relative density that cannot be compared to the absolute density in the figure] A. `I-A, II - B, III -C`B. `I-D, II-C, III-B`C. `I-B, II-C, III-D`D. `I-C, II-A, III-B` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 73. |
When two similar species live in the same area, they may evolve to become more different in order toA. drive the other species to extinctionB. reduce competitionC. use up the other species resourcesD. reduce genetic variation |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 74. |
In laboratory experiments, two species of the protist Paramecium (species 1 and 2) were grown alond and in the presence of the other species. The following graphs show growth of species 1 and species 2, both alone and when in mixed culture with the other species. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the graphs ?A. Competitive exclusion occurred in these experiments.B. Both species are affected by interspecific competition but species 1 is affected less.C. Both species are affected by interspecific competition but species 2 is affected less.D. Both species are affected equally by interspecific competition. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C When species 1 was ket with species 2, its number of individuals fell drastrically while when species 2 was kept with species 1, its number of individuals was not much affected. Hence, both species are affected by inter-specific competition but species 2 is less affected. |
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| 75. |
If a population of 50 Paramecium present in a pool increases to 150 after an hour, what would be the growth rate of population ?A. 50 per hourB. 200 per hourC. 5 per hourD. 100 per hour |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Population of Paramecium at time t = 50 Population of Paramecium 1 hour after t = 150 Growth rate of population = 150 - 50 per hour = 100 per hour |
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| 76. |
What would be the percent growth or birth rate per individual per hour for the same population mentioned in the previous question (Question 10)?A. 100B. 200C. 50D. 150 |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Initial number of Paramecium = 50 Number of Paramecium after 1 hour = 150 Birth rate = `("Number of new Paramecium")/("Initial number of Paramecium")xx100` `=(100)/(50)xx100=200%` |
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| 77. |
A behavioural strategy of adaptation called echolocation is found inA. batsB. butterflyC. praying mantisD. arctic tern |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Bats are nocturnal flying mammals which do not employ eyesiht for location of thir path, food, place of rest, etc. They produce high frequency sound which produces echoes after striking various objects on the principle of sonar. Echoes are then analysed by the bats to know their path. |
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| 78. |
Dart frogs (Phyllobates bicolour, Dendrobates pumilo) found in tropical rain forests of South America are highly poisonous as well as brightly coloured to be easily notice. This is referred to asA. camouflageB. mimicryC. warning colourationD. none of these |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Dart frogs exhibit warning colouration. Predators usually avoid them because they are highly poisonous. |
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| 79. |
Archaebacteria that flourish in temperature above `100^(@)C` have special_________molecules that do not coagulate at high temperature and remain functional.A. carbohydrateB. esterC. proteinD. fat |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 80. |
Ice fish and Antartic fish remain active in extremely cold water due toA. development of thick layer of sub-cutaneous fatB. development of extra solute in body fluidsC. development of ice nucleatinf protein in extra cellular spacesD. both (b) and (c) |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Ice fish or Antarctic fish remains active even in extermely cold sea water due to cold hardiness. Cold hardiness is achieved by developing extra solutes in the body fluids and special ice nucleating proteins in the extracellular spaces. The extra solutes which prevent freezing are glycerol and antifreeze proteins. They lower the freezing point of body fluids. |
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| 81. |
THe pricky pear cactus became ususually abundant after its introduction in Australia, because itA. had no coevolved hebivoresB. formed new mycorrhizal associationC. lost its thornsD. all of these |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Coevolution is caused by the selection pressures that each of the two species exerts on the other. Since there has been no coevolved herbivore with prickly pear cactus, it became abundant in Australia. |
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| 82. |
Storage capacity of the soil is the extent to which it can hold In soil, water available for plants isA. surface waterB. hygroscopic waterC. gravitational waterD. capillary water |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Water, which is mainly held between the spaces of soil particles forming a septum of capillaries, is called capillary water. It is most important form of water which is mainly taken by the plants. |
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| 83. |
Water holding capacity of the soil depends uponA. chemical composition of soilB. particle size of soilC. aggregation of soil particlesD. all of these |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D The quantity of water that soil can retain after flowing down of the gravitational water is called its field capacity or water holding capacity. It depends on chemical composition of the soil which means types of ions present and hence pH of the soil. Size of soil particles and their aggregation form pores in soil. Large pores take part in percolation of water in the soil but small pores hold water by capillarity. |
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| 84. |
Deep black soil is productive due to high proportion ofA. sand and zincB. gravel and calciumC. clay and humusD. silt and earthworm |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Black soil is productive due to the high proportion of clay and humus, because most of the minerals are present in it. |
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| 85. |
Which of the following pairs is correctly matchedA. Uricotelism-Aquatic habitatB. Parasitism-Intra -specific relationshipC. Excessive perspiration-Xeric adaptationD. Stream lined body-Aquatic adaptation |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D The correct pair is stream lined body to aquatic adaptation which helps these animals in swimming. |
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| 86. |
Diffuse porous woods are characteristic of plants growing inA. temperate climateB. tropicsC. alpine regionD. cold winter regions |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B In tropics, there is no sharp distinction between the seasons, hence, there is not much difference in the activity of cambium. In a diffused porous wood, the large sized vessels are distributed through spring wood and autumn wood, e.g. Syzygium cumini. |
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| 87. |
Nature and proerties of soil depends uponA. climateB. weathering processC. development of soilD. all of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 88. |
Geometric representation of age structure is a characteristic of :A. biotic communityB. populationC. landscapeD. ecosystem |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Geometric representation of age structure is a characteristic of population. In most populations, individuals are of different ages. The proportion of individuals in each age group is called age structure of that population. |
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| 89. |
In which one of the following pair is the specific characteristic of soil not correctly matched ?A. Laterite -Contains aluminium compoundB. Terra rossa - Most suitable for rosesC. Chernozems-Richest soil in the worldD. Black soil-Rich in calcium carbonate |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Black soil is dark or dark brown in colour. It is formed from basaltic rock under semi-arid condition. Black soil is logically known as regur or black cotton soil. Black soil is deficient in nitrogen and phosphorus and rich in potash and lime and not in calcium carbonate. |
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| 90. |
In 2005, for each of the 14 million people present in a country, `0.028` were born and `0.008` died during the year. Using exponential equation, the number of people present in 2015 is predicted asA. 25 millionsB. 17 millionsC. 20 millionsD. 18 millions |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Exponential equation gives populatin growth rate as `(dN)/(dt) = rN` Here,r = intrinsic rate of natural increase N = size of original population `(dN)/(dt)` = Increase in populatin size per unit time (1 year in this case) r is the difference between birth and death rate. `r = 0.028-0.008=0.02` `therefore(dN)/(dt)=0.02xx14" million"= 0.28 " million"` Over 10 years (2005 - 2015), this number will become = 2.8 million. Expected population in 2015 = `(14+2.8)` million = 17 million (approx.) |
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| 91. |
Which are true about the following statements about kangaroo rats (a) They have dark colour, high rate of reproduction and excrete solide urine (b) They do not drink water, breathe at slow rate, and have their body covered with thick hair (c) The feed on dry seeds and do not require drinking water (d) They excrete very concentrated urine and do not use water to regulate body temperatureA. III and IB. I and IIC. III and IID. II and III |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Kangaroo rat feeds on dry seeds. It seldom drinks water. The requirement of water is met by food (10%) and metabolic water (90%). Water loss is prevented by living in burrows during the day, concentration of urine and solidification of faeces. It has a thick coat to minimise evaporative desiccation. |
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| 92. |
A fertile agricultural soil appears dark coloured at the surface as compared to soil one metre down. The reason for colour of top soil isA. more moistureB. rich in organic matterC. rich in iron, calcium and magnesiumD. recent formation |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Dark colour of soil is due to accumulation of leached organic substances and organic matter which serves as a reservoir of nutrients and water in the soil, aids in reducing compacting and surface crusting and increases water infiltration into the soil. |
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