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Right choice is (c) Soil

Explanation: Soil is an ABIOTIC FACTOR. It is ALSO known as an edaphic factor. Soil provides support, WATER and various minerals to plants. Also, it helps in maintaining PH.

The CORRECT choice is (b) Orchids

Easiest explanation: The plants requiring high humidity for proper GROWTH are KNOWN as hygrophytes. Orchids, mosses, lichens need high humidity. The rate of transpiration increases with a decrease in humidity.

The CORRECT choice is (b) Metabolic activities

Explanation: Temperature is important for various metabolic activities. The RATE of BIOCHEMICAL reactions doubles with an increase in 10°C of temperature. Excess increase in temperature LEADS to DENATURATION of enzymes and decrease in metabolic rate.

Right option is (b) Photosynthesis

The explanation: Light is an important ABIOTIC factor REQUIRED by organisms. Light is important for photosynthesis, TRANSPIRATION, movements, flowering and GERMINATION in plants. The main source of light for organisms is sunlight.

Correct OPTION is (a) EURYHALINE

Easy explanation: Organisms that can tolerate a wide range of salinities are called euryhaline. These organisms can live in fresh, BRACKISH or salty WATER. An example is a salmon.

Correct answer is (d) Endo osmosis

The EXPLANATION is: Endo-osmosis is a problem for aquatic animals. It leads to an increase in body fluid concentration which may lead to CELL lysis. Also, exo-osmosis may also harm these animals as this leads to WATER loss from the body leading to SHRINKAGE and dehydration.

Correct answer is (C) Water

The best I can EXPLAIN: Water is a universal solvent. It can dissolve almost any SOLUTE that is SOLID, liquid or gas. It is polar in nature and can form VARIOUS types of bonds and interactions with other molecules.

Correct OPTION is (b) Poikilotherms

Best explanation: Poikilotherms are cold-blooded ANIMALS. They cannot regulate their BODY TEMPERATURE and take on the temperature of their surrounding ENVIRONMENT. An example is reptiles.

Correct CHOICE is (d) Hekistotherms

To EXPLAIN: Hekistotherms are the plants growing at very low TEMPERATURES. They are found in TROPIC regions (Arctic and Alpine). Alpine plants grow maximally at low temperatures.

The correct answer is (c) MICROTHERMS

The best explanation: Plants growing at LOW TEMPERATURES are called microtherms. They are FOUND in temperate REGIONS with high altitudes. Mostly consists of coniferous plants.

Correct OPTION is (d) MESOTHERMS

Easy explanation: Mesotherms are plants that SURVIVE at a high temperature of summer along with a low temperature of winter. They are found deciduous forests of tropical and subtropical REGIONS.

Right answer is (c) HUMIDITY

For explanation: Among the following humidity is an abiotic factor. Humidity is invisible to VAPORS in the atmosphere. It directly AFFECTS the vegetation by AFFECTING the rate of transpiration in PLANTS. The rate of transpiration increases with a decrease in humidity.

The correct option is (B) Megatherms

Easy EXPLANATION: The plants growing at high TEMPERATURES are termed as megatherms. These plants usually grow near the equator in tropical rainforests. They need ABUNDANT MOISTURE along with high temperatures.

The correct answer is (d) Snow leopard

For EXPLANATION I would say: Snow leopards are not found in the forests of KERALA. They are NATIVE to mountain ranges of CENTRAL and NORTH Asia. They require low temperatures for survival while Kerala has high temperatures and no snowfall.

The correct option is (a) Earth’s surface

Explanation: The topographic ABIOTIC factor is the Earth’s surface. It tells about the PHYSICAL features of a surface or region. It CONTAINS geographic positions and ELEVATIONS for both NATURAL and man-made features.

Right OPTION is (d) Communities and their physical environment

The explanation: An ecosystem involves INTERACTION AMONG communities and their physical environment. It is the functional unit of nature. It involves biotic and ABIOTIC components. This ecosystem MAY be natural or artificial (man-made).

Right OPTION is (b) Croplands

The explanation: CROPLAND is an example of an ARTIFICIAL man-made ecosystem. It consists of CROPS like rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, etc. The components of any cropland are producers (any crop along with weeds), consumers (primary, secondary, TERTIARY) and decomposers.

Right choice is (c) Climate

To ELABORATE: Climate is an abiotic FACTOR affecting the stability of an ecosystem. It is the long-term average of atmospheric CONDITIONS or weather. It TELLS about various weather conditions such as rainfall, temperature, snow, etc. of a particular region.

Correct option is (b) Aquarium

The explanation is: Aquarium is an example of a man-made aquatic ecosystem. It is a place where aquatic ANIMALS and PLANTS either marine or FRESHWATER are displayed, conserved and STUDIED. It has at least one TRANSPARENT side for observation.

Right option is (c) Abiotic

Easiest EXPLANATION: PROTEINS, lipids, and carbohydrates are the abiotic components. They are the non-living factors PRESENT or USED in an environment. Some other examples of abiotic factors are sunlight, water, air, ETC.

Correct option is (d) Spatial niche

Explanation: The spatial niche is the PHYSICAL space occupied by the ORGANISM. It is also known as a HABITAT niche. It is a microhabitat, space occupied by the same species of an organism. The same habitat cannot be occupied by two different species.

Right answer is (d) Ecosystem

For explanation I would say: The functional unit of nature, where ORGANISMS interact with each other and their surroundings is called an ecosystem. An ecosystem consists of BIOTIC and abiotic COMPONENTS that interact WITHIN a system. The components are linked together with various nutrient cycles and energy FLOWS.

Correct choice is (B) Rice field

Explanation: Rice field is an artificial man-made ecosystem. It is mainly practiced in China where paddy is the staple FOOD. This ecosystem INVOLVES paddy (rice), fishes, microbes and various other environmental FACTORS such as SPACE and time.

Correct answer is (c) Tropical FORESTS

For explanation: Tropical forests are found near the EQUATOR. They are situated 28° above (NORTH) or below (south) of the equator. These are the forests where there is continuous rainfall and maximum diversity is OBSERVED.

The correct answer is (a) Botanical gardens

Easiest explanation: Botanical gardens are a man-made terrestrial ecosystem. It is a PLACE where various PLANTS are collected, CULTIVATED, preserved and displayed for the purposes of research and education. It is also used for the CONSERVATION of rare and endangered species of plants.

Correct ANSWER is (b) Survival

Best EXPLANATION: The interaction AMONG organisms is NECESSARY for survival within their environment. Survival is the STATE of being alive. Organisms are inter-depending on one another of their well-being.

Correct option is (b) Population

Easiest explanation: A group of individuals belonging to the same SPECIES WITHIN an ecosystem is called population. The population is the level of the ORGANIZATION after an organism. Various organisms come TOGETHER and start residing at the same place known as population.

The CORRECT answer is (d) Singing

For explanation I would SAY: BIRDS communicate with each other via singing. They use this METHODOLOGY to alert against the prey, SCARE away predators, to decision a mate, etc. The groups of birds that can sing are called passerines, or perching birds.

Right answer is (d) Four

For explanation I WOULD say: The ECOLOGY CONSISTS of 4 levels of the organizations that include organisms, populations, COMMUNITIES, and BIOMES. The subject that deals with the interactions between organisms and their physical, abiotic components is called ecology.

Right option is (c) Biomes

Easiest EXPLANATION: The last level of organization is biomes. These are the world’s major DISTINCT biological communities which consist of ANIMALS and plants which have COMMON characteristics for the environment they EXIST in.

The CORRECT option is (a) Ecosystem

For explanation I would say: The organizational level before biomes and after the population is called an ecosystem. An ecosystem consists of BIOTIC and abiotic COMPONENTS that interact WITHIN a system. The components are linked TOGETHER with various nutrient cycles and energy flows.

Right option is (c) POPULATION

Easiest explanation: Population is the level of the ORGANIZATION after an organism. Various organisms COME together and START residing at the same place KNOWN as population. The population includes organisms of the same group or species.

The correct choice is (a) Community

For explanation I WOULD say: A group of populations is KNOWN as a community. It is a group of people who share the same place or live WITHIN the same area. These people may share COMMON characteristics. It is the organizational level between population and ecosystems.

Correct option is (b) ORGAN

To explain: The level of the ORGANIZATION before an organism is organs. Many tissues of the same origin together FORM an organ. These tissues are ADAPTED to perform a SPECIFIC function. It is the organizational level between tissues and an individual organism.

Correct answer is (d) Organism

The EXPLANATION: The level of the organization after an organ is an organism. It means that various ORGANS come TOGETHER to MAKE an organism. This is also known as an organ SYSTEM.

Correct ANSWER is (c) Tissue

To explain: The LEVEL of the organization after a CELL is a tissue. Various cells come TOGETHER and form a tissue. These cells are similar and consist of a cellular matrix. It is the level of organization between cells and an organ.

Right choice is (c) Cell

The explanation: The level of the ORGANIZATION after macromolecule is a cell. Many macromolecules of different types come TOGETHER and GIVE rise to a living entity called cell. A cell is the SMALLEST and microscopic basic structural and functional unit of life of any organism.

Correct answer is (B) BIOLOGICAL organization

To explain: As evolution proceeds, organisms BECOME more and more complex. The COMPLEXITY of organisms can be given by studying various processes of biological organization.