InterviewSolution
Saved Bookmarks
InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 1. |
Define the following terms and give one example for each: (a) Commensalism (b) Parasitism (c) Camouflage (d) Mutualism (e) Interspecific competition |
|
Answer» (a) Commensalism: Commensalism is an interaction between two species in which one species gets benefited while the other remains unaffected. An orchid growing on the branches of a mango tree and barnacles attached to the body of whales are examples of commensalisms. (b) Parasitism: It is an interaction between two species in which one species (usually smaller) gets positively affected, while the other species (usually larger) is negatively affected. An example of this is liver fluke. Liver fluke is a parasite that lives inside the liver of the host body and derives nutrition from it. Hence, the parasite is benefited as it derives nutrition from the host, while the host is negatively affected as the parasite reduces the host fitness, making its body weak. (c) Camouflage: It is a strategy adapted by prey species to escape their predators. Organisms are cryptically coloured so that they can easily mingle in their surroundings and escape their predators. Many species of frogs and insects camouflage in their surroundings and escape their predators. (d) Mutualism: It is an interaction between two species in which both species involved are benefited. For example, lichens show a mutual symbiotic relationship between fungi and blue green algae, where both are equally benefited from each other. (e) Interspecific competition: It is an interaction between individuals of different species where both species get negatively affected. For example, the competition between flamingos and resident fishes in South American lakes for common food resources i.e., zooplankton. |
|
| 2. |
Select the statement which explains best parasitism. (a) One organism is benefited. (b) Both the organisms are benefited. (c) One organism is benefited, other is not affected. (d) One organism is benefited, other is affected. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - d | |
| 3. |
Which statements are true? (a) One is benefitted and other unaffected in mutualism. (b) Both partners are benefitted in commensalism. (c ) One kills and feeds on another in predation.(d) Both partners are benefitted in symbiosis.A. a and b onlyB. a and c onlyC. b and c onlyD. c and d only |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - D a) One is benefited and other unaffected in commensalism. Both partners are benefitted in mutualism. |
|
| 4. |
Assertion Commensalism is a type of positive interaction. Reason In commensalism, one organism is benefitted, while other is harmed.A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of AssertionB. If both the Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not the correct explanation of AssertionC. If Assertion is true, but the Reason is falseD. If Assertion is false, but the Reason is true |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - C Positive interactions are those, in which organisms help one another and either one or both the species (associating) are benefitted. Commensalism is a type of positive interaction, in which one organism is benefitted and other is neither benefitted nor harmed. |
|
| 5. |
Select the statement which best explains commensalism (a) One organism is benefitted (b) Both the organisms are benefitted (c) One organism is benefitted , other is not affected (d) One organism is benefitted , other is affected . |
| Answer» Correct Answer - c | |
| 6. |
Each environment can support a limited population depending upon itsA. Biotic potentialB. Carrying capacityC. NatalityD. Reproductive potential |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - B Each environment can support a limited population depending upon its carrying capacity. |
|
| 7. |
The per individual change in a population due to natality can be estimated by using (Here, `DeltaN_(n))` =New individuals , N=initial populations , `Deltat`=change in time)A. `(Ndeltat)/(DeltaN_(n))`B. `(NDeltaN_(n))/(t)`C. `(DeltaN_(n)Deltat)/(N)`D. `(DeltaN_(n))/(N Deltat)` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 8. |
In an area, if there are 200 Parthenium plants but only a single huge banyan tree with a large canopy, the population density is measured in terms ofA. Number or biomassB. Number of per cent coverC. Biomass or per cent coverD. Number, biomass or per cent cover. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - C In an area if there are 200 Parthenium plants but only a single Banyan tree with a large canopy, stating that the population density of Banyan is low relative to that of Parthenium amounts to under estimating the enormous role of Banyan in that community. In such cases percent cover or biomass is more meaningful measure of the population size. |
|
| 9. |
One species is benefitted and other is neutral. This association is calledA. MutualismB. CommensalismC. AmensalismD. Parasitism |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - B One species is benefited and other is neutral. This association is called commensalism. |
|
| 10. |
The size of a population for any species is not a static parameter. It keeps changing in time, depending on various factors includingA. Food availabilityB. Predation pressureC. Adverse weatherD. All of the above |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - D The size of a population for any species is not a static parameter. It keeps changing in time, depending on various factors included food availability, predation pressure and adverse weather. |
|
| 11. |
An association between two individuals or populations where both are benefitted and where neither can survive without the other isA. commensalismB. amensalismC. protocooperationD. mutualism |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 12. |
Mention the parameter used for finding population density of banyan tree. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Biomass method. | |
| 13. |
Five closely related species of warbles can survive on a same tree. This explains which aspect of competition ? |
| Answer» Competitive coexistence. | |
| 14. |
Which factor contribues significantly to population growth in a newly colonised habitat ? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Immigration | |
| 15. |
Which features of endoparasites shows simplification ? |
| Answer» Morphological and anatomical features | |
| 16. |
`A_(0)` layer is rich inA. LitterB. MineralsC. LeachatesD. Humus |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - D `A_(0)` layer is rich in humus. |
|
| 17. |
Assertion: The life cycles of endoparasites are more complex. Reason: The morphological and anatomical feature of endoparasites are simple while emphasizing their reproductive potential.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - B The life cycles of endoparasites are more complex because of their extreme specialisation. Their morphologicl and anatomical features are greatly simplified while emphasizing their reproductive potential. |
|
| 18. |
Assertion: Nicotine, caffeine, quinine, strychnine and opium are produced by plants actually as defences against grazers and browsers. Reason: Thorns of Aacia and Cactus are most common physiological of defence.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - C a) Nicotine, caffeine, quinine, strychinen and opium are producecd by plants actually as defences against grazers and browsers. c) Thorns of Acaia and Cactus are most common morphological means of defence. |
|
| 19. |
Assertion: The female mosquito is not considered a parasite. Reason: The female mosquito needs out blood for reproduction.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - B a) The female mosquito is not considered a parasite. b) The female mosquito needs our blood for reproduction. |
|
| 20. |
Assertion: Prey species have evolved various defences to lessen the impact of predation. Reason: Some species of insects and frogs are cryptically-coloured (camouflageed) to avoid being detected easily by the predatorA. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - B a) Prey species have evolved various defenses to lessen the impact of predation. b) Some species of insects and frogs are cryptically-coloured (camouflaged) to avoid being detected easily by the predator. |
|
| 21. |
Intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) is a very important parameter chosen for assessing impacts of any biotic or abiotic factor on population growth . The value for the Norway rat is _________ |
| Answer» Correct Answer - 0.015 | |
| 22. |
If the population growing exponentially doubles in size in 3 years , what is the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of the population ? |
| Answer» The intrinsic rate of increase of this population will be towards maximum . | |
| 23. |
If a population growing exponentially double in size in 3 years, what is the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of the population? |
|
Answer» A population grows exponentially if sufficient amounts of food resources are available to the individual. Its exponential growth can be calculated by the following integral form of the exponential growth equation: `N_(t)= N_(0) e^(rt)`. Where, `N_(t)` = Population density after time t `N_(O)` = Population density at time zero r = Intrinsic rate of natural increase e = Base of natural logarithms (2.71828) From the above equation, we can calculate the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of a population. Now, as per the question, Present population density = x Then, Population density after two years = 2x t = 3 years Substituting these values in the formula, we get: `rArr 2x= x e^(3r)` `rArr 2 = e^(3r)` Applying log on both sides: `rArr log 2 = 3r log e` `rArr (log2)/(3loge) = r` `rArr (log2)/(3xx 0.434) = r` `rArr(0.301)/(3xx0.434)=r` `rArr (0.301)/(1.302) =r` `rArr 0.2311 = r` Hence, the intrinsic rate of increase for the above illustrated population is 0.2311. |
|
| 24. |
A population has certain attributes that an individual organism does not. These are a. Birth rate b. Death rate c. Sex ratio d. Age distributionA. a and bB. b and cC. c and dD. a, b, c and d |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - D A population has certain attributes that an individual organism does not. These are: Birth rates, Death rates, Sex ratio and Age distribution. |
|
| 25. |
Assertion: Total number is an easily adoptable measure if the populations is huge and counting is impossible or very time consuming. Reason: In a dense laboratory culture of bacteria in a petri dish the best measures to report its density is number or biomass.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - D a) Total number is not easily adoptable measure if the population is huge and counting is impossible or very time consuming. b) In a dense laboratory culture of bacteria in a petri dish the best measure to report its density is biomass (not number). |
|
| 26. |
Assertion: For human populations, the age pyramids generally show age distribution of males and females in a combined diagram. Reason: The shape of age pyramid reflects the growth status of the populations, whether it is growing, stable or declining.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - B a) For human population the age pyramids generally show age distribution of males and females in a combined diagram. b) The shape of age pyramid reflects the growth status of the population, whether it is growing, stable or declining. |
|
| 27. |
The adaptations in an organisms are meant forA. Optium primary productionB. Optium life spanC. Optium mobilityD. Optimum survival and reproduction. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - D The adaptations in an organisms are meant for optimum survival and reproduction. |
|
| 28. |
Assertion: Many adaptations have evolved ever a long evolutionary time and are genetically fixed. Reason: Some organisms coping with extremes in the environment able to respond through certain physiological and behavioural adjustments.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - B a) Many adaptations have evolved ever a long evolutionary time and are genetically fixed. b) Som organism coping with exteemes in their environment able to respond through certain physiological and behavioural adjustments. |
|
| 29. |
Assertion: The term interbonding implies the sexual reproduction. Reason: A group of individuals resulting from even asexual reproduction is also generally considered a populations for the purpose of ecological studies.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - B a) The term interbreeding implies the sexual reproduction. b) A group of individuals resulting from even asexual reproduction is also generally considered a population for the purpose of ecological studies. |
|
| 30. |
Assertion: Population ecology is an important area of ecology. Reason: Populations ecology links ecology to population genetics and evolutions.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - A Population ecology is an important area of ecology because it links ecology to population genetics and evolution. |
|
| 31. |
Fill in the blanks : Succession that starts on a bare rock is called `……………..` and that which begins on sand is called `………..`. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Lithosere , psammosere. | |
| 32. |
The amount of fresh water of the earth frozen as polar or glacial ice isA. `0*5` %B. `0*02` %C. `0*01` %D. `1*7` % |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 33. |
Large Woody vines are more commonly found in:A. Alpine forestsB. Temperate forestsC. MangrovesD. Tropical rainforests |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 34. |
Considered the following four conditions (A-D) and select the correct pair of them as adaptation to environment in desert lizards. The conditions (a) Burrowing in soil to escape high temperature (b)Losing heat rapidly from the body during high temperature (c)Bask in sun when temperature is low (d)Insulating body due to thick fatty dermis optionsA. (a), (b)B. (c ) , (d)C. (a), (c )D. (b), (d) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 35. |
Plants of salty seashore wetlands are called:A. heliophytesB. hydrophytesC. halophytesD. saprophytes |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 36. |
Altitude sickness which includes nausea, fatigue and heart palpitations occurs due toA. High atmospheric pressure at high altitudesB. Low atmospheric pressure at high altitudeC. High mountain height and high temperatureD. Heavy snowfall at high altitude and low temperature |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 37. |
The logistic population growth is expressed by the equationA. `dN//dt=rN`B. `dN//dt=rN((N-K)/(N))`C. `dt//dN=Nr((K-N)/(K))`D. `dN//dt=rN((K-N)/(K))` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 38. |
People who have migrated from the planes to an area adjoining Rohtang pass about six months backA. Have the usual RBC count but their haemoglobin has very high binding affinity to `O_(2)`B. Have more RBCs and their haemoglobin has a lower binding affinity of `O_(2)`C. Are not physically fit to play games like footballD. Suffer from altitude sickness with symptoms like naussea , fatigue etc. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 39. |
Give the scientific names of any two microorganisms inhabiting the human intestine. |
| Answer» The scientific names of two microorganisms inhabiting the human intestine are Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus. | |
| 40. |
Lianas are vascular plants rooted in the ground and maintain erectness of their stem by making use of other trees for support. They do not maintain direct relation with those trees. Discuss the type of association the lianas have with the trees. |
| Answer» The type of association the lianas have with the trees is commensalism because the plant gets the support of the tree without efecting harming or providing any benefit to the tree. | |
| 41. |
In xerophytes, photosynthesis often occurs throughA. RootB. Modified stemC. StomataD. Scaly leaves |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - B In xerophytes, photosynthesis often occurs through modified stem (phylloclade). |
|
| 42. |
Mechanical tissues is best developed inA. HydrophytesB. HalophytesC. XerophytesD. Mesophytes |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - C Mechanical tissue is best developed in xerophytes. |
|
| 43. |
Which mammal excretes solid urine to avoid water loss?A. CrowB. Kangaro RatC. CamelD. Squirrel |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - B Kangaroo Rat exretes solid urine to avoid water loss. |
|
| 44. |
If in a population, natality is balanced by mortality then there will be :A. decrease in population growthB. zero population growthC. increase in population growthD. over population |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 45. |
In polar seas, aquatic ..a.. Like ..b..have a thick layer of fat called ..c..below their skin that acts as an ..d..and reduces loss of body heat.A. a`-`fishes, b`-`sharks, c`-`clasper, d`-`conductorB. a`-`mammals, b`-`seals, c`-`blubber, d`-`insulatorC. a`-`fishes, b`-`seals, c`-`blubber, d`-`insulatorD. a`-`mammals, b`-`seals, c`-`blubber, d`-`conductor |
|
Answer» Correct Answer - B In the polar seas, aquatic mammals like seals have a thick layer of fat called blubber below their skin that acts as an insulator and reduces loss of body heat. |
|
| 46. |
Amensalism is an association between two species whereA. one species is harmed and onter is benefittedB. one species is harmed and other is unaffectedC. one species is benefitted and other is unaffectedD. both the species are harmed |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 47. |
Fish, amphibians and reptiles areA. cold-bloodedB. poikilothermicC. ectothermicD. All of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 48. |
Chylorhizy is found inA. OpuntiaB. EuphorbiaC. AsparagusD. Aloe |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 49. |
The two climatic factors which largely determine the vegetion and soil types areA. Temperature and precipitationB. Temperature and lightC. Light and precipitationD. Light and weather |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 50. |
Climatic zone between `20^(@)-40^(@)` isA. sub-tropicalB. temperateC. temperate and sub-arcticD. Both (a) and (b) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |