Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Right option is (c) trapezoid

To ELABORATE: According to the question here (referring the figure), the green coloured line i.e. the plane, represents the AXIS away from the VERTEX through which the SECTION is obtained. On cutting, the section obtained will be a trapezoid (shown by red dotted LINES).

Correct answer is (d) Sectional drawings

For explanation: Sectional views are an important aspect of design and documentation since it is used to improve clarity and reveal interior features of parts. Sectional drawings are multi-view TECHNICAL drawings that CONTAIN special views of a part or parts that reveal interior features.A primary reason for CREATING a section view is the elimination of hidden lines, so that a drawing can be more easily understood or visualized.Traditional section views are based on the USE of an imaginary CUTTING plane that cuts through the object to reveal interior features.

Right choice is (b) true

To EXPLAIN I WOULD say: The projection of LINE AB LYING parallel to the Vertical plane (VP) is shown in figure below as a’b’, representing the true length.

Right answer is (b) Square

The explanation is: A square prism is a three-dimensional SHAPE with TWO square bases and flat sides. Therefore, all square prisms consist of at least two SQUARES, even if not all the sides are squares, as long as the bases are square, there is a square prism. Cubes are a common example of squareprisms.

Right option is (b) 2nd

Best explanation: General Rules For Dimensioning are as follows:

DIMENSIONS should NOT be duplicated, or the same information be given in two different ways.

No unnecessary dimensions should be used – only those needed to produce or inspect the part.

Dimensions should be placed at finished surfaces or IMPORTANT center lines.

Dimensions should be placed so that it is not necessary for the observer to calculate, scale, or assume any measurement.

Dimensions should be attached to the view that best shows the shape of the feature to be DIMENSIONED.

Avoid dimensioning to hidden lines wherever possible.

Dimensions should not be placed on the object unless that is the only clear option.

Overall dimensions should be placed the greatest distance AWAY from the object so that intermediate dimension can nest closer to the object to avoid crossing extension lines.

A dimension should be attached to only one view (i.e., extension lines should not connect two views).

Never cross dimension lines.

Never cross extension lines.

A center line may be extended and used as an extension line.

Leaders should slope at a 30, 45 or 60 degree angle.

Dimension numbers should be centered between arrowheads, except when using stacked dimensions then the numbers should be staggered.

In general, a circle is dimensioned by its diameter, an arc by its radius.

Holes should be located by their center lines.

Holes should be located in the view that shows the feature as a circle.

Extension lines start approximately 1/16″ from the object and extend 1/8″ past the LAST Dimension.

Correct choice is (d) apparent shape

To explain I WOULD say: An inclined surface is a surface that is perpendicular to one of the PRINCIPAL planes, and is at some angle to the remaining two principal planes. As such, an inclined surface will always appear as a line in one of the principal views and as a foreshortened AREA in the other two views. An inclined surface will not appear TRUE size in a principal VIEW.

Right answer is (a) non-collinear

The best explanation: A PLANE is as two dimensional SURFACE having length and breadth with negligible thickness. They are FORMED when any three non-collinear points are joined. Planes are bounded by straight/curved lines and may be either regular or an IRREGULAR. Regular plane surface are in which all the sides are equal. Irregular plane surface are in which the lengths of the sides are unequal.

Correct answer is (d) rectangle

The EXPLANATION is: When the solid is placed with the base on HP position, in the top view, the base will be projected in its true shape. Hence, when the base of the solid is on HP, the top view is drawn first and then the front view and the side views are projected from it. FIGURE 10 shows a cylinder with its AXIS perpendicular to HP. There is only one position in which ACYLINDER or a CONE may be placed with its base on HP.

Correct ANSWER is (a) Concrete

Explanation: Concrete is a composite MATERIAL composed of coarse aggregate BONDED together with a FLUID cement that hardens over time. Most concretes used are lime-based concretes such as Portland cement concrete or concretes made with other hydraulic cements, such as ciment fondu. However, asphalt concrete, which is frequently used for road surfaces, is ALSO a type of concrete, where the cement material is bitumen, and polymer concretes are sometimes used where the cementing material is a polymer.

Correct option is (d) the apparent size

Easiest explanation: The auxiliary VIEWS may also be USED for determining – TRUE LENGTH of a LINE, point-view of a line, edge- view of a line, true size and form of a plane etc as shown in the figure below.

The CORRECT choice is (a) Point

For explanation: Draw the horizontal projector through a(b) to CUT the 45 degree line at m.Draw the horizontal projectors through a’ and b’ to intersect the VERTICAL projector DRAWN through m at a΄΄ and b΄΄.a΄΄b΄΄ is the left view of the line AB.

The correct ANSWER is (B) parallel to vertical plane

Explanation: When the line is parallel to the vertical plane and PERPENDICULAR to HP then it will form a point PROJECTION on the HP and so the apparent and the TRUE inclination will be same of the line as it will resemble a point projection.

Right option is (c) First – ANGLE PROJECTION

To elaborate: When the object is situated in front of the V.P. and the H.P. i.e. in the first QUADRANT and then PROJECTED on these planes is called 1st angle projection. The object lies between the observer and the PLANE of projection. In this the top view comes below the front view.

The correct choice is (b) true

The best I can explain: The PROJECTED length on the plane to which it is inclined will ALWAYS be shorter than the true length.In figure 2, the line AB is parallel to VP and is inclined to HP. The angle of INCLINATION of AB with HP is being θ degrees.PROJECTION of line AB on VP is a’b’ and is the true length of AB.The projection of line AB on HP is indicated as line ab. Length ab is shorter than the true length AB of the line. REFER the figure below.

Right option is (c) AUXILIARY plane

The best I can explain: Any VIEW obtained by a projection on a plane other than the horizontal, frontal, and PROFILE projection planes is an auxiliary view. A primary auxiliary view is projected onto a plane that is perpendicular to one of the PRINCIPAL planes of projection and is INCLINED to the other two. A secondary auxiliary view is projected from a primary auxiliary view onto a plane that is inclined to all three principal projection planes as shown in the figure below.

The CORRECT OPTION is (b) Orthographic projection

Best explanation: Refer to the figure GIVEN below which REPRESENTS the visual ray. These are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the plane of projection. It represents the projection of objects.

The CORRECT answer is (c) Electrical welding, ELECTROMAGNETS etc

Easiest explanation: Electric resistance welded (ERW) pipe is manufactured by cold-forming a sheet of steel into a cylindrical shape. Current is then passed between the two edges of the steel to heat the steel to a point at which the edges are forced together to form a bond without the use of welding filler material. Initially this manufacturing process USED LOW frequency A.C. current to heat the edges. This low frequency process was used from the 1920s until 1970. In 1970, the low frequency process was superseded by a high frequency ERW process which produced a higher quality weld.

Correct answer is (c) regular polyhedron

Explanation: In geometry, a polyhedron (plural polyhedra or polyhedrons) is a solid in 3 DIMENSIONS with flat polygonal faces, straight edges and sharp corners or vertices. The WORD polyhedron comes from the Classical Greek. A convex polyhedron is the convex hull of FINITELY many points, not all on the same plane. CUBES and pyramids are examples of convex polyhedra. A polyhedron is a 3-dimensional example of the more general polytope in any number of dimensions.

Correct OPTION is (c) Pentagon

For explanation I would say: A solid (3-dimensional) object which has SIX faces that are rectangles. It has the same cross-section along a LENGTH, which makes it a prism. It is ALSO a “cuboid”.

The correct choice is (a) 57 mm

For explanation I would say: Refer the figure below and the following steps-

• Draw the XY line. Draw two line perpendicular to XY line separated by a horizontal DISTANCE of 40 mm.

• Along the first line mark points a’ and a 24 mm above and 10 mm below XY line.

• Along the second line mark b and b’ 46 mm above and below XY line.

• Draw a reference line X1 Y1 parallel to line ab to represent the AVP.

• Through a and b, draw projectors to X1 Y1 line and extend it.

• Mark a2’ such that 3-a2’ = 5-a’. SIMILARLY mark B2’ such that 4-b2’ = 6b’.

• Join a2’-b2’ to obtain the TRUE length of the line.

• The inclination of the line a2’-b2’ with X1Y1 line is the true inclination of the line with HP.

• Draw X2Y2 parallel to the front VIEW a’b’ and project the auxiliary top view a1b1 in the similar manner.The inclination of the line a1-b1 with X2Y2 line is the true inclination of the line with VP.

By measurement, the following dimensions are obtained:

True length of the line is 57 mm.

The CORRECT option is (b) ELLIPSE

For explanation I would SAY: The Diagonal cross section of a cylinder OBTAINED as ellipse.

The correct option is (B) Hexagonal

Easy EXPLANATION: The hexagonal prism is a prism with hexagonal base. This polyhedron has 8 faces, 18 EDGES, and 12 VERTICES. Since it has eight faces, it is an octahedron. However, the term octahedron is primarily used to refer to the regular octahedron, which has eight triangular faces.

Right option is (c) point

The best explanation: If the point views of the lines are required, then FIRST they have to be shown in their true lengths in one of the orthographic views.

 If none of the orthographic views SHOW the given lines in their true lengths, an auxiliary plane PARALLEL to the two given lines should be set up to project them in their true lengths on it.

Even the auxiliary view which shows the lines in their true lengths may not show the perpendicular DISTANCE between them in true length. Hence another auxiliary plane perpendicular to the two given lines should be set up. Then the lines appear as points on this auxiliary plane and the distance between these point views will be the SHORTEST distance between them.

The correct answer is (d) true

For explanation: Since the line is parallel to both HP and VP, both the front view a’B’ and the top view AB are in true lengths.Since the line is perpendicular to the right PP, the left SIDE view of the line will be a POINT a΄΄(b΄΄). After projection on to the projection planes, the planes are rotated such that all the THREE projection planes lie in the same planes. The multi-view drawing of line AB is shown in figure b.

Right answer is (a) TIE and refractory materials

Best explanation: A refractory material is a material that retains its strength at HIGH temperatures. ASTM C71 DEFINES refractories as “…non-metallic materials having those chemical and physical properties that make them applicable for structures, or as components of systems, that are exposed to environments above 1,000 °F. Refractory materials are used in for furnaces, KILNS, incinerators, and reactors. They are also used to make crucibles and moulds for casting glass and metals and for surfacing flame deflector systems for rocket launch structures. Today, the iron- and steel-industry uses approximately 70% of all refractories PRODUCED.

Right option is (c) true SHAPE

To elaborate: When the plane surface is held with its surface parallel to one of the PLANES of projection, the view of the plane surface PROJECTED on it will be in true shape because all the sides or the EDGES of the plane surface will be parallel to the plane of projection on which the plane surface is projected.

The correct answer is (a) Half auxiliary

For EXPLANATION: If an auxiliary view is symmetrical, and if it is necessary to save SPACE on the drawing or to save TIME, only half of the auxiliary view may be DRAWN, as shown below. In this case, half of a regular view is also shown SINCE the bottom flange is also symmetrical as shown in the figure below.

Right choice is (c) vertical trace

Best explanation: If a line is parallel to any of the PLANE, it has no trace upon that plane. For EXAMPLE: If the line is parallel to HORIZONTAL plane then that line will not meet H.P and HENCE there will be no Horizontal Trace and only Vertical Trace.

The CORRECT answer is (d) Orthographic projection

To explain: In the above starting 3 methods, these REPRESENTS the object by a PICTORIAL VIEW as EYES see it. In these methods of projection a 3-d object is represented on a projection plane by one view only. While in the orthographic projection an object is represented by 2 or 3 views on the mutual perpendicular projection plane. Each projection view represents 2-D of an object.

The CORRECT answer is (d) perpendicular to both the PLANES

The explanation: The question is asking about a single line and if a line is perpendicular to both the planes it will never be resembled as a line i.e. it can’t be a single line. If it becomes perpendicular to the planes it will BECOME perpendicular to itself thus FORMING TWO lines, as the single to will itself make 90 angle it can’t be further called as a single line.

The CORRECT OPTION is (b) 53.13^o

The BEST I can explain: REFERRING the figure below, on measuring the value of φ, INCLINATION is known.

The correct choice is (a) Triangular

The best explanation: In geometry, a triangular PRISM is a three-sided prism; it is a polyhedron made of a triangular base, a translated copy, and 3 faces joining corresponding SIDES. A right triangular prism has RECTANGULAR sides, OTHERWISE it is oblique.

The CORRECT option is (c) The SLANT plane

Easiest EXPLANATION: A slant plane is DEFINED as a plane that appears as a line in at least one of the standard views of projection (top, FRONT), and foreshortened in the other views.

The correct option is (b) Third – angle projection

The explanation is: GIVEN in the question it lies in the 3RD quadrant. The plane of projection is assumed to be transparent. They lie between object and OBSERVER. When the observer views the object from the front, the rays of sight intersect the V.P, SIMILARLY when its top view is SEEN from bottom, the rays of sight intersect the H.P. The top view in this case comes above the front view and so it is third angle projection.

The correct option is (a) STRAIGHT LINE

Best explanation: TOP views of the two end POINTS of a line, when joined, give the top view of the line. Front views of the two end points of the line, when joined, give the front view of the line. Both these Projections are straight lines.

Correct option is (d) oblique projections

To explain: In both orthographic and oblique projection, parallel lines in SPACE appear parallel on the projected image. Because of its SIMPLICITY, oblique projection is used EXCLUSIVELY for pictorial purposes rather than for formal, working drawings. In an oblique pictorial drawing, the displayed angles among the axes as well as the foreshortening factors (scale) are arbitrary. The distortion created thereby is usually attenuated by aligning ONE plane of the IMAGED object to be parallel with the plane of projection thereby creating a true shape, full-size image of the chosen plane.

The correct ANSWER is (a) rectangle

To explain I would SAY: Here in the figure below ED represents the perpendicular AREA in the triangular prism. On cutting ACROSS this area the section obtained will be rectangle TYPE.

The correct answer is (c) Parallel to both the PLANES

Explanation: Planes MAY be divided into two main types: Perpendicular planes and Oblique planes.

And this perpendicular PLANE is further divided into THREE parts- a) Parallel to ONE of the principal planes and perpendicular to the other two. b) Perpendicular to one of the principal planes and inclined to the other two. c) Inclined to all the three principal planes.

The correct ANSWER is (c) perpendicular to xy LINE and of true length

Easiest explanation: When the line is PARALLEL to the vertical plane and perpendicular to HP then it will FORM a point projection on the HP and so the APPARENT and the true inclination will be same of the line as it will resemble a point projection.

Correct ANSWER is (d) Orthographic

The explanation: In orthographic PROJECTION, the plane of projection is TRANSPARENT as the plane of projection is in between OBSERVER and object.

The CORRECT option is (d) 41.41^o

The BEST I can explain: REFERRING the figure below, on MEASURING the value of φ, inclination is known.

Right answer is (d) false

Easiest explanation: The projections of line AB shown in figure 5 can be obtained in the following manner. Mark a’, the front view of the END A, 30 mm above HP. Draw the front view a΄b΄ = 90 mm inclined at 30° to XY line.

Project the top view ab parallel to XY line. The top view is 80 mm in front of VP. Draw the X1Y1 line at a distance of 50 mm from b’.Draw a 45° line through O. Draw the HORIZONTAL PROJECTOR through the top view ab to cut the 45 ° line at m.Draw a vertical projector through m.Draw the horizontal PROJECTORS through a’ and b’ to intersect the vertical projector drawn through m at a” and b”.Connect a΄΄ b΄΄ which is the left SIDE view.

Right option is (b) trimetric PROJECTION

To explain I would say: In dimetric projection, the direction of viewing is such that two of the THREE axes of SPACE appear equally foreshortened, of which the attendant scale and angles of presentation are determined ACCORDING to the angle of viewing; the scale of the third direction (vertical) is determined separately. Approximations are common in dimetric drawings.

The correct choice is (d) SIDE view

For EXPLANATION I would say: By DEFAULT only 3 views are used but in actual any no. of views can be TAKEN as per requirement. Here by default three views can be seen as top, front and side view. Since it is in 3rd QUADRANT A and B view represents top and front view. And when from 3rd side the object viewed represents side view.

Correct answer is (a) Horizontal

The best I can explain: Talking of ORTHOGRAPHIC projection, it happens DUE to three views, top view, FRONT view and side view. Projection of any object which occur by side view or front view happens to occur on vertical plane while top view projection FALLS on horizontal plane as seen in the figure below.