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Right option is (b) False

Explanation: It is a wrong statement. CHLOROPHYLL is not SOLUBLE in WATER since it has a HYDROPHOBIC tail. It is soluble only in solvents like alcohol, acetone, etc. which has the capability to extract chlorophyll.

The correct answer is (a) GREENLIGHT

For explanation: Greenlight is the least effective among the following. Greenlight is REFLECTED by green LEAVES, so cannot be ABSORBED. But blue light gives maximum absorption peak of chlorophyll and is most effective.

Correct answer is (C) RUBISCO

Explanation: 5-bisphosphate CARBOXYLASE OXYGENASE also known as RUBISCO is an enzyme required for photosynthesis. It actually occurs in high quantity. Also, it is a very slow-acting enzyme. The REMAINING enzymes are faster than RUBISCO.

The CORRECT option is (d) DNA and RNA of chloroplast

For EXPLANATION: The DNA and RNA of chloroplast synthesize the enzymes required for PHOTOSYNTHESIS. There is no SEPARATE organelle that can synthesize enzymes. The DNA and RNA are specialized for secreting enzymes necessary for photosynthesis. This is all possible since chloroplast has its own DNA.

Correct answer is (d) T. W. Engelmann

The explanation is: T. W. Engelmann discovered the FIRST action SPECTRUM based on photosynthesis. He split LIGHT into its spectral components VIBGYOR by USING a prism. A green alga i.e. Cladophora was used to detect the sites of O2 evolution.

Correct answer is (a) Jan Ingenhousz

Best explanation: Jan Ingenhousz showed that sunlight is ESSENTIAL for the plant process as it purifies the fouled AIR due to pollution or breathing animals. He found out the presence of bubbles in the green PART of the plant WHEREAS it was absent during dark. These bubbles were later termed as oxygen.

The correct answer is (b) Photooxidation

For EXPLANATION: They just have mainly TWO functions. That is photooxidation which means they produce oxygen due to LIGHT. Also, it helps the plant from photodamage i.e. the plant gets protected from EXCESS heat. Carotene is also known as an accessory PIGMENT.

The correct answer is (B) CO2

The explanation: This experiment showed that CO2 is important for photosynthesis. It was EXPERIMENTED by a scientist NAMED Molls. It was named half leaf experiment because half of the leaf was enclosed in a test tube.

The correct answer is (d) Chlorophyll a

Best explanation: Methyl group CH3 is MAINLY present in chlorophyll a. But in chlorophyll b, it has an aldehyde group in the C7 position. Chlorophyll a and b STRUCTURE mainly differs in the SUBSTITUENT of porphyrin.

The correct option is (a) Chlorophyll a

The explanation is: Chlorophyll is not an ACCESSORY PIGMENT as it the chief pigment of the chloroplast. Chlorophyll b, xanthophyll, and carotenoids are accessory PIGMENTS. BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL and phycobilin are other pigments present in leaves.

The correct choice is (C) Activation of chlorophyll

Best explanation: Light ENERGY is mainly used in PHOTOSYNTHESIS for activation of chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is in an INACTIVE state. It becomes active only in the presence of SUNLIGHT. These rays fall on chloroplast which in turn activates the chlorophyll.

Correct OPTION is (a) It is the main source of all food on earth

Explanation: PHOTOSYNTHESIS is the basis of LIFE on earth because it is the main source of all food on earth. It is also RESPONSIBLE for the RELEASE of oxygen into the atmosphere. It does not produce new offsprings but gives energy or glucose to the plants in the form of starch.

Right OPTION is (a) 1774

To elaborate: Joseph Priestley discovered O2 in 1774. He found the PRESENCE of oxygen during his experiment. In a jar containing a mouse, a candle and a mint PLANT, he found out that the mouse was alive and the candle was lit up. This SHOWED that the mint plant gave oxygen to the enclosed jar.

Correct ANSWER is (c) Julius Von Sachs

To elaborate: Julius Von Sachs FOUND out the production of glucose in PLANTS growth. He ALSO found out that green parts of the plant store glucose and it is usually in the form of STARCH. Glucose was not stored in plants as it increases the osmotic pressure.

The correct option is (d) ^14C and ^18O

The explanation is: ^14C and ^18O were the isotopes used to research about photosynthesis. A plant UNDERGOING photosynthesis produces more ^18O than normal oxygen. Also, ^14C was used to ESTIMATE the PRESENCE of carbon atoms in the photosynthesis process.

The correct answer is (a) RuBP

To elaborate: Ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate also known as RuBP enzyme. It is present in the matrix of the CHLOROPLAST. Its MAIN activity COMES during the time of DARK reaction. Ribulose phosphate accepts a phosphate from the ATP and forms RuBP.

The correct answer is (c) paper CHROMATOGRAPHY

Easy explanation: Paper chromatography is used to remove or separate leaf pigments of any green plants. With the proper mobile and STATIONARY PHASE, the pigments such as chlorophyll, xanthophyll, etc. can be converged. The remaining methods cannot separate the leaf pigment from the plants as it will only DESTROY its pigments.

Correct ANSWER is (a) 6CO2 + 12H2O → C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2

The explanation: The correct equation is 6CO2 + 12H2O → C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2. This occurs in the presence of sunlight. Six MOLECULES of CO2 REACT with twelve molecules of H2O to PRODUCE one molecule glucose. The byproducts are six molecules of H2O and O2.

Right option is (b) False

The EXPLANATION is: It is a wrong statement. The chloroplast is a DOUBLE membrane-bound structure and not a single membrane-bound. It has got an OUTER and an inner membrane. Thus, they have a RIGID semi-autonomous membrane for stable reactions to take place.

Correct choice is (c) R. Hill

To explain I would say: R. Hill FOUND out that oxygen EVOLVED from WATER in photosynthesis. It was BELIEVED that oxygen came from carbon dioxide. Later, Hill’s reaction SHOWED that oxygen was produced from water.

Correct option is (a) Photosynthetic factories

The best I can explain: Chloroplast is mainly KNOWN as photosynthetic factories. This is because all the reactions based on PHOTOSYNTHESIS takes place within the chloroplast. Also, they CONVERT light energy into sugar or glucose in the FORM of starch.

Right option is (b) False

Easy explanation: It is a WRONG STATEMENT as chlorophyll a is the chief or main pigment ASSOCIATED with PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Whereas chlorophyll b, carotenoids, and XANTHOPHYLL all are accessory pigments.

Right OPTION is (C) Matrix

Easy explanation: Matrix is the part which contains all the water-soluble enzymes. CHLOROPLAST ENCLOSES a fluid-filled SPACE called stroma and this fluid is called the matrix. These enzymes are stored in the matrix to make it available for dark reactions.

The correct option is (B) Mint plant

Best explanation: Joseph PRIESTLY did his experiments with a mint plant. He PLACED a mint plant in a bell jar containing a mouse and CANDLE. Presence of just a candle or animal in the jar removed the AIR in it. But due to the presence of the mint plant, the air was restored.

The correct choice is (c) Photosynthesis

The explanation: The process in which green plants synthesize organic food by utilizing CARBON dioxide and water as RAW materials, in the presence of sunlight is called Photosynthesis. This is the PURE definition. OXYGEN is a byproduct which is advantageous for all living organisms.

Right option is (C) XANTHOPHYLL – yellow

To explain: Xanthophyll shows a yellow COLOR. Chlorophyll a shows bright or BLUE – green color whereas chlorophyll b shows yellow – green. Carotenoids SHOW varying color from yellow to yellow – orange.

The correct option is (b) False

For explanation: It is a wrong statement. Here in photosynthesis, the carbon DIOXIDE is REDUCED and WATER is oxidized. Carbon dioxide is reduced to glucose whereas water is oxidized to OXYGEN.

Right choice is (c) H2O

The best I can explain: The raw MATERIALS of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight. And its FINAL products are GLUCOSE, water, and oxygen. These SUBSTANCES are the most abundant materials on earth and provide EQUIVALENT oxygen to atmosphere.

Right choice is (d) KOH

The explanation: KOH was the compound USED in half leaf experiment to absorb CO2. The part of the leaf enclosed in TEST TUBE contained some KOH SOAKED cotton while the other half was exposed to air. KOH has got the capability to absorb CO2.

Right choice is (a) GRANA, thylakoids

To explain: The STROMA actually contains a number of grana made up of disc-like thylakoids. Grana and thylakoids are the main sites of light reaction. A stack of thylakoid discs together forms a GRANUM (plural of grana). Grana ranges from 10 to almost 100 in number.

Correct choice is (b) Chloroplast

Best explanation: The photosynthesis actually TAKES place in an organelle CALLED chloroplast. They are found in the cytoplasm of plant cells. The main FEATURE of the chloroplast is that they are able to PRODUCE food for PLANTS.