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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 701. |
You are given a tissue with its potential for differentiation in an artificial culture .Which of the following pairs of hormones would you add to the medum to securre shoots as well as rootsA. IAA and gibberemnB. Auxin and cytokininC. Auxin and abscisic acidD. Gibberellin and abscisic acid |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 702. |
Chrysanthemum is aA. short day plantB. long day plantC. day neutral plantD. short long day plant |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 703. |
The Avena curvature is used for bioassay ofA. `GA_3 `B. IAAC. EthyleneD. ABA |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 704. |
If the requisite period of low temperature treatment is followed by a penod of high tem- perature, the expected acceleration of floweing did not occur. This process is known asA. photophosphorylationB. dedifferentiationC. devernalizationD. vernalization |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 705. |
Phytochrome is found inA. algae/ThallophytesB. vas.cular cryptogamsC. fungiD. Angiosperms |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 706. |
Phytochrome which is a photoreceptor for photoperiodic induction can be extracted fromA. growing budB. cotyledonsC. leavesD. stem |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 707. |
`P_(tr)` interconversion is regulated byA. AbAB. 2, 4-DC. IAAD. GA |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 708. |
Phytochrome is mainly involved in picking stimulus inA. phototropismB. photorespirationC. photoperiodismD. photosynthesis |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 709. |
Antiauxin used in picking cotton balls isA. NPAB. 2-4DC. TIBAD. Both (a) and (C) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 710. |
Select the incorrect statement among the following.A. Increase in growth per unit time is growth rate.B. A sigmoid growth curve is a characteristic of most living organsims in their natural environment.C. Rate of growth is constant during geometrical growth.D. Exponential phase is also called as log phase. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Geometric growth is quite common in unicellular organisms when grown in nutrient rich medium. Here, every cell divides. The daughter cells grow and divide, the grand daughter cells repat the process and so on. Number of cells is initially small so that growth is slow. later on, there is rapid growth at exponential rate (log or exponential growth). |
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| 711. |
Growth hormone that speeds up malting in brewery industry isA. Kinetin B. Gibberellic acid C. Auxin D. Ethylene |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Growth hormone that speeds up malting in brewery industry is gibberellic acid |
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| 712. |
An enzyme that can stimulate germination of barley seeds isA. lipaseB. proteaseC. invertaseD. `alpha`-amylase |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Barley seeds are rich in carbohydrate (starch) The starch is hydrolysed by `alpha` -amylase to monosacchandes unit at the time of germination of seeds |
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| 713. |
An enzyme that can stimulate germination of barley seeds isA. `alpha` - amylaseB. LipaseC. ProteaseD. Invertase |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 714. |
Farmers in a particular region were concerned that pre-mature yellowing of leaves of a pulse crop might caused decrease in the yield. Which treatment could be most be most beneficial to obtain maximum seed yield?A. Application of iron and magnesium to promote synthesis of chlorophyllB. Frequent irrigation of the cropC. Treatment of the plants with cytokinin along with a small does of nitrogenous fertilizerD. Removal of all yellow leaves and spraying the remaining green leaves with 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 715. |
Which one prevents premature fall of fruit ?A. `GA_(3)`B. NAAC. EthyleneD. Zeatin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 716. |
Farmers in a particular region were concerned that premature yellowing of leaves of a pulse crop might cuuse dectease in the yild .Which treatment could be most benefical top obtain maxmum seed yieldA. emoval of all yellow leaves and spraying the remaining green leaves with 2,4,5 - trichorophenoxy acetic acidB. Application of iron and magnesim to promote synthesis of chlorophyllC. Frequent irrigain of the cropD. Treatment of the plants with cytoninis alongwith a small does of nitrogenous ferillzer |
| Answer» Correct Answer - d | |
| 717. |
why is vivipary an undesirable character for annual crop plants?A. It reduces vigor of the plant.B. The seeds cannot be stored under normal conditions for the next season.C. The seeds cannot exhibit long dormancyD. It adversely affects fertility of the plant. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 718. |
_____ curve is obtained for cells in culture.A. J-shapedB. LinearC. V-shapedD. S-shaped |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 719. |
What is the similarity between growth and differentiation? |
| Answer» Both occur in open form in plants. | |
| 720. |
Which type of curve is obtained for bacterial cells in culture? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Sigmold | |
| 721. |
Which of the following is not a function of water in plants?A. It is responsible for cell elongationB. It maintains the turgidity of cellsC. It acts as a source of energyD. It provides medium for enzymatic activities |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 722. |
What happens to the growth of cells after differentiation? |
| Answer» Growth stops. Cells do not grow further and remained unchanged till death. | |
| 723. |
What are the two ways by which quantitative comparision between the growth of living system can be made? |
| Answer» Absolute growth rate and relative growth rate. | |
| 724. |
What happens to the growth of roots during water logging conditions?A. Growth is acceleratedB. Growth is inhibitedC. Growth remains constantD. First growth is accelerated and then stops |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 725. |
A leaf having `10cm^(2)` surface area grows `5cm^(2)` per day. Calculate its relative growth rate |
| Answer» `RGR=(5)/(10)xx100=50%` | |
| 726. |
What happens to the growth roots when these are present in water logged condition? |
| Answer» It is inhibited due to the reduced availability of oxygen to roots. | |
| 727. |
Name the abiotic factor which is not essential for early growth of the plant but growth cannot be sustained in its absence? |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Light | |
| 728. |
Formation of root hairs from apical meristem is ______. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - Differentiation. | |
| 729. |
The term synergistic action of hormones refers toA. when two hormones act together but bring about opposite effects.B. when two hormonea act together and contribute to the same function.C. when one hormone affects more than one functionD. when many hormones bring about any one function |
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Answer» Correct Answer - b Growth, differentiation and development processes of plants are found to be regulated by two or more phytohormones acting synergistically or antagonistically, e.g., cell division is promoted by both auxins and cytokinins acting synergetically. Cell growth in controlled by auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins. Morphogenesis is an interplay of auxins and cytokinins, where both must be present in some minimum concentartion. |
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| 730. |
The term synergistic action of harmones refers toA. When two hormones act together but bring about opposite effectsB. When two harmones act together and contributes to the same functionC. When one harmones affects more than one functionD. When many harmones bring about any one function |
| Answer» Correct Answer - b | |
| 731. |
Root apical meristem and shoot apical mentem are responsible for the growth of plants and principally contribute to the elongation of the plants along their axis. This growth is calledA. Primary growthB. Indeterminate growth C. Secondary growthD. Both B and C |
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Answer» Correct Answer - A Root apical merisatem and shoot apical meristen are responsible for the growth of plants and principally contribute to the elongation of the plants along their axis. This growth is called primary growth |
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| 732. |
The term synergistic action of hormones refers toA. When two hormones act together but bring about opposite effectsB. When two hormones act together and contribute to the same functionC. When one hormone effects more than one functionD. When many hormones bring about any one function. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 733. |
To increase sugar production in sugarcanes, they are sprayed withA. IAAB. CytokininC. GibberellinD. Ethylene |
| Answer» Correct Answer - c | |
| 734. |
To increase sugar production in sugarcanes, they are sprayed withA. I A AB. cytokininC. gibberellinD. ethylene |
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Answer» Correct Answer - c Sugarcane stores carbohydrates in its stem. Sparying the sugarcane crop with gibberellins increase the length of stem and yield of sugarcane to as much as 20 tonnes/acre. |
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| 735. |
Plasticity in plant growth means thatA. Plant roots are extensibleB. Plant growth is dependent on the enviornmentC. Stems can extendD. None of the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 736. |
To increase sugar production in sugarcanes, they are sprayed withA. IAAB. CytokininC. GibberellinsD. Ethylene |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 737. |
Define growth, differentiation, development, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation, determinate growth, meristem and growth rate. |
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Answer» (a) Growth It is an irreversible and permanent process, accomplished by an increase in the size of an organ or organ parts or even of an individual cell. (b) Differentiation It is a process in which the cells derived from the apical meristem (root and shoot apex) and the cambium undergo structural changes in the cell wall and the protoplasm, becoming mature to perform specific functions. (c) Development It refers to the various changes occurring in an organism during its life cycle – from the germination of seeds to senescence. (d) De-differentiation It is the process in which permanent plant cells regain the power to divide under certain conditions. (e) Re-differentiation It is the process in which de-differentiated cells become mature again and lose their capacity to divide. (f) Determinate growth It refers to limited growth. For example, animals and plant leaves stop growing after having reached maturity. (g) Meristem In plants, growth is restricted to specialised regions where active cell divisions take place. Such a region is called meristem. There are three types of meristems – apical meristem, lateral meristem, and intercalary meristem. (h) Growth rate It can be defined as the increased growth in plants per unit time. |
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| 738. |
Hormone found in liquid endosperm of Coconut/Coconut milk factor isA. Gibberellin B. Auxin C. Ethylene D. Cytokinin |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Hormone found in liquid endosperm of Coconut/Coconut milk factor is cytokinin. |
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| 739. |
Differention of shoot is controlled byA. High auxin : cytokinin ratioB. High cytokinin : auxin ratioC. High gibberellin : auxin ratioD. High gibberellin : cytokinin ratio |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 740. |
Which combination of gases is suitable for fruit ripendingA. 80% `CH_(4)` and 20% `CO_(2)`B. 80% `CO_(2)` and 20% `O_(2)`C. 80% `C_(2)H_(4)` and 20% `CO_(2)`D. 80% `CO_(2)` and 20% `CH_(2)` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 741. |
Coconut milk factor isA. an auxinB. a gibberllinC. abscisic acidD. cytokinin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 742. |
List five main groups of natural plant growth regulators. Write a note on discovery, physiological functions and agricultural/horticultural applications of any one of them. |
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Answer» Plant growth regulators are the chemical molecules secreted by plants affecting the physiological attributes of a plant. There are five main plant growth regulators. These are: (i) Auxins (ii) Gibberellic acid (iii) Cytokinins (iv) Ethylene (v) Abscisic acid (i) Auxins Discovery: The first observations regarding the effects of auxins were made by Charles Darwin and Francis Darwin wherein they saw the coleoptiles of canary gross bending toward a unilateral source of light. It was concluded after a series of experiments that some substance produced at the tip of coleoptiles was responsible for the bending. Finally, this substance was extracted as auxins from the tips of coleoptiles in oat seedlings. Physiological functions: `implies` They control plant cell-growth. `implies` They cause the phenomenon of apical dominance. ` implies ` They control division in the vascular cambium and xylem differentiation. `implies` They induce parthenocarpy and prevent abscission of leaves and fruits. Horticultural applications: `implies ` They are used as the rooting hormones in stem cuttings. `implies` 2-4 D is used weedicide to kill broadleaf, dicotyledonous weeds. `implies ` They induce parthenocarpy in tomatoes. `implies ` They promote flowering in pineapple and litchi. ii) Gibberellic acid Discovery: Bakane or the “foolish rice seedling” disease was first observed by Japanese farmers. In this disease, rice seedlings appear to grow taller than natural plants, and become slender and pale green. Later, after several experiments, it was found that this condition was caused by the infection from a certain fungus Gibberella fujikuroi. The active substance was isolated and identified as gibberellic acid. Physiological functions: `implies ` It causes elongation of internodes. `implies ` It promotes bolting in rosette plants. `implies ` It helps in inducing seed germination by breaking seed dormancy and initiating the synthesis of hydrolases enzymes for digesting reserve food. Horticultural applications: `implies ` It helps in increasing the sugar content in sugarcane by increasing the length of the internodes. `implies ` It increases the length of grape stalks. `implies ` It improves the shape of apple. `implies ` It delays senescence. `implies ` It hastens maturity and induces seed-production in juvenile conifers. (iii) Cytokinins Discovery: Through their experimental observations, F. Skoog and his co-workers found that the tobacco callus differentiated when extracts of vascular tissues, yeast extract, coconut milk, or DNA were added to the culture medium. This led to the discovery of cytokinins. Physiological functions: `implies ` They promote the growth of lateral branches by inhibiting apical dominance. `implies ` They help in the production of new leaves, chloroplasts, and adventitious shoots. `implies ` They help in delaying senescence by promoting nutrient mobilisation. Horticultural applications: `implies` They are used for preventing apical dominance. `implies ` They are used for delaying senescence in leaves. (iv) Ethylene Discovery: It was observed that unripe bananas ripened faster when stored with ripe bananas. Later, the substance promoting the ripening was found to be ethylene. Physiological functions: `implies ` It helps in breaking seed and bud dormancy. `implies ` It promotes rapid internode-elongation in deep-water rice plants. `implies ` It promotes root-growth and formation of root hairs. `implies ` It promotes senescence and abscission of leaves and flowers. `implies ` It hastens the respiration rate in fruits and enhances fruit ripening. Horticultural applications: `implies` It is used to initiate flowering and synchronising the fruit set in pineapples. `implies ` It induces flowering in mango. `implies ` Ethephon is used to ripen the fruits in tomatoes and apples, and accelerate the abscission of flowers and leaves in cotton, cherry, and walnut. `implies ` It promotes the number of female flowers in cucumbers. (v) Abscisic acid Discovery: During the mid-1960s, inhibitor-B, abscission II, and dormin were discovered by three independent researchers. These were later on found to be chemically similar and were thereafter called ABA (Abscisic acid). Physiological functions: `implies ` It acts as an inhibitor to plant metabolism. `implies ` It stimulates stomatal closure during water stress. `implies ` It induces seed dormancy. `implies ` It induces abscission of leaves, fruits, and flowers. Horticultural application: `implies ` It induces seed dormancy in stored seeds. |
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| 743. |
Coconut milk factor isA. AuxinB. A GibberellinC. Abscisic acidD. Cytokinin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 744. |
The natural plant hormone isolated from cormn kernels and coconut milk isA. FlorlgenB. `GA_3 `C. AuxinsD. Zeatin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 745. |
Coconut milk contains:A. abiscisic acidB. auxinC. cytokininD. gibberellin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 746. |
Would a defoliated plant respond to photoperiodic cycle? Why? |
| Answer» No, a defoliated plant will not respond to photoperiodic cycle. The photoperiodic cycle is perceived by leaves which are removed in a defoliated plant. | |
| 747. |
Coconut milk containsA. ABAB. AuxinC. CytokininD. Gibberellin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 748. |
What would be expected to happen if: (a) `GA_(3)` is applied to rice seedlings (b) Dividing cells stop differentiating (c) A rotten fruit gets mixed with unripe fruits (d) You forget to add cytokinin to the culture medium. |
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Answer» (a) The coleoptile will elongate rapidly (b) An undifferentiated mass of cells in formed (c) The unripe fruits will ripe quickly (d) The callus will not develop shoot buds. |
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| 749. |
If a rotten fruit gets mixed with unripe fruits, the unripe fruits willA. also be rottenB. ripe quicklyC. remain unchangedD. none of these |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B Ethylene production by plants is autocatalytic,i.e. a small amount of ethylene will stimulate production of its larger amounts. Thus, a few ripe fruits will initiare ripening of nearby fruits. It is, therefore, a common practice to keep few ripe bananas with unripe bananas to hasten ripening. |
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| 750. |
The affect of apical dominance can be overcome by which of the following hormoneA. IAAB. EthyleneC. GibberellinsD. cytokinin |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |