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The DRAFT tube is used to regain the kinetic energy of water coming out of REACTION turbine. It enables the reaction turbine to be placed over tailrace LEVEL.

The draft tube is used to regain the kinetic energy of water coming out of reaction turbine. It enables the reaction turbine to be placed over tailrace level.

The purpose of AIR FILTER is to filter the air from DUST and other suspended particles. The purpose of super charger is to increase the pressure of the ENGINE to increase power of the engine.

The purpose of air filter is to filter the air from dust and other suspended particles. The purpose of super charger is to increase the pressure of the engine to increase power of the engine.

Prime mover converts the KINETIC energy of water into MECHANICAL energy to produce electrical energy. Pelton wheel, turbine, FRANCIS turbine, Kaplan turbine and Propeller turbine are prime movers USED in HYDRAULIC power plants.

Prime mover converts the kinetic energy of water into mechanical energy to produce electrical energy. Pelton wheel, turbine, Francis turbine, Kaplan turbine and Propeller turbine are prime movers used in hydraulic power plants.

Spillway is like a SAFETY valve of the dam. It discharges MAJOR flood without damaging the dam. It keeps the reservoir LEVEL below the MAXIMUM level allowed.

Spillway is like a safety valve of the dam. It discharges major flood without damaging the dam. It keeps the reservoir level below the maximum level allowed.

The pipe between surge TANK and prime mover is known as penstock. It is designed to withstand HIGH pressure. It is made up of reinforced CONCRETE. In very cold areas, the penstock is buried to prevent ice formation and to REDUCE the expansion JOINTS.

The pipe between surge tank and prime mover is known as penstock. It is designed to withstand high pressure. It is made up of reinforced concrete. In very cold areas, the penstock is buried to prevent ice formation and to reduce the expansion joints.

Forebay is considered as naturally PROVIDED surge TANK. It is temporary WATER storage when the load on the PLANT is reduced and provides water for initial INCREMENT on increasing load.

Forebay is considered as naturally provided surge tank. It is temporary water storage when the load on the plant is reduced and provides water for initial increment on increasing load.

The surge tank is used to provide better regulation of water pressure in the system. The surge tank controls the water when the load on the turbine decreases and supplies water when the load on the turbine increases. Thus, surge tank controls the pressure variations RESULTING from the rapid changes in water FLOW in PENSTOCK and hence prevents water hammer.

The surge tank is used to provide better regulation of water pressure in the system. The surge tank controls the water when the load on the turbine decreases and supplies water when the load on the turbine increases. Thus, surge tank controls the pressure variations resulting from the rapid changes in water flow in penstock and hence prevents water hammer.

The TRASH rack is used to PREVENT the ENTRY of DEBRIS, which might DAMAGE the turbine runners and chock up the nozzle of impulse turbine.

The trash rack is used to prevent the entry of debris, which might damage the turbine runners and chock up the nozzle of impulse turbine.

The main PURPOSE of the dam is to increase the height of WATER level and also to increase the working head of the HYDRAULIC power PLANT.

The main purpose of the dam is to increase the height of water level and also to increase the working head of the hydraulic power plant.

The MAIN purpose of reservoir is to store water RECEIVED from catchments areas during the rainy SEASONS and SUPPLY the same during the dry season.

The main purpose of reservoir is to store water received from catchments areas during the rainy seasons and supply the same during the dry season.

The cooling WATER CIRCUIT consists of a pump, condenser and cooling tower. The coal and ash circuit consists of coal DELIVERY, preparation of coal, handling of coal to the boiler furnace, ash handling and ash STORAGE.

The cooling water circuit consists of a pump, condenser and cooling tower. The coal and ash circuit consists of coal delivery, preparation of coal, handling of coal to the boiler furnace, ash handling and ash storage.

The feed water and STEAM flow circuit consists of feed pump, ECONOMIZER BOILER drum super heater, TURBINE and condenser.

The feed water and steam flow circuit consists of feed pump, economizer boiler drum super heater, turbine and condenser.

Air and flue gas circuit consists of forced draught FAN, air PREHEATER, boiler, FURNACE, superheater, economizer, dust collector, induced draught fan and CHIMNEY.

Air and flue gas circuit consists of forced draught fan, air preheater, boiler, furnace, superheater, economizer, dust collector, induced draught fan and chimney.

• Coal and ASH CIRCUIT
• Air and FLUE GAS circuit
• Feed water and STEAM circuit
• Cooling water circuit