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Logical, EMOTIONAL, LATERAL, PROGRAMMED, Non programmed ETC.

Logical, emotional, lateral, Programmed, Non programmed etc.

It is tool USED for the strategy formulation. It analysis Industry growth rate and market share of the COMPANY and indicates DIFFERENT business positions and strategies LIKE cash, cow, DOG, Question mark, star.

It is tool used for the strategy formulation. It analysis Industry growth rate and market share of the company and indicates different business positions and strategies like cash, cow, dog, Question mark, star.

Motivation is the process of inducting human EFFORTS by ALTERING internal and external VARIABLES which are affecting ONE's workability.
Motivation = Valence X Expectancy.

Motivation is the process of inducting human efforts by altering internal and external variables which are affecting one's workability.
Motivation = Valence X Expectancy.

MBO is a Comprehensive management SYSTEM. It is used for goal SETTING, MOTIVATION and performance APPRAISAL.

MBO is a Comprehensive management System. It is used for goal setting, Motivation and performance appraisal.

communication is the process of EXCHANGING IDEAS, OPINIONS feelings through a medium and GETTING feed back for the same.

communication is the process of exchanging ideas, opinions feelings through a medium and getting feed back for the same.

ADVERTISEMENT, Employment AGENCIES, Campus Recruitment, WEBSITES.

Advertisement, Employment Agencies, Campus Recruitment, Websites.

To Offset uncertainties, To INTEGRATE Resources & ACHIEVING PRODUCTIVITY.

To Offset uncertainties, To Integrate Resources & Achieving Productivity.

LEADERSHIP is the ABILITY to INFLUENCE others and ENTHUSIASTICALLY making them to ACHIEVE the desired results.

Leadership is the ability to influence others and enthusiastically making them to achieve the desired results.

MAKING DECISION for the unknown STATE is decision under uncertainty.

Making decisions without considering the consequence is decision under RISK.

Making decision for the unknown state is decision under uncertainty.

Making decisions without considering the consequence is decision under risk.

Making the jobs more interesting and CHALLENGING one is known as job enrichment. It is USED to MOTIVATE and SATISFY the workforces in the work place.

Making the jobs more interesting and challenging one is known as job enrichment. It is used to motivate and satisfy the workforces in the work place.

1. RAW materials
2. WORK in Progress
3. Finished PRODUCTS
4. Spares and components.

BUDGET is a type of plan which is EXPRESSED in NUMERICAL DATA.

Budget is a type of plan which is expressed in numerical data.

Goals are SPECIFIC and SHORT TERM oriented one.

Objectives are GENERAL and long term oriented one.

Goals are specific and short term oriented one.

Objectives are general and long term oriented one.

Various economic activities affecting business of a nation is KNOWN as Economic ENVIRONMENT. Economic environment INCLUDES economic conditions, economic system and economic policies.

Various economic activities affecting business of a nation is known as Economic environment. Economic environment includes economic conditions, economic system and economic policies.

MNC COMPANY is a company having business OPERATIONS more than one country but its headquarters is LOCATED at its home country.

MNC company is a company having business operations more than one country but its headquarters is located at its home country.

• EXPORTING
• LICENSING
• Management CONTRACTS
• Joint Ventures
• Multinational COMPANIES.

In FRANCE, All business UNITS will follow the centralized plan of the GOVERNMENT. Such plans are FORMULATED with the view of Maximization of NATIONAL resources and avoidance of uneconomical areas.

In France, All business units will follow the centralized plan of the government. Such plans are formulated with the view of Maximization of national resources and avoidance of uneconomical areas.

• TIME
• FUNCTIONAL
• Product
• PROCESS
• Geography
• MATRIX
• Customers etc.

• Autocratic leadership
• DEMOCRATIC or PARTICIPATIVE leadership
• Laissez-faire leadership
• BENEVOLENT autocratic leadership
• SUPPORTIVE leadership.

Leading is the process of INSTRUCTING, counselling, guiding and MOTIVATING the human FACTOR to achieve ORGANISATIONAL goals EFFECTIVELY.

Leading is the process of instructing, counselling, guiding and motivating the human factor to achieve organisational goals effectively.

MOTIVATION Satisfaction

Motivation Satisfaction

Maslow VIEWED HUMAN needs in the FORM of hierarchy. The hierarchy of needs are

• Physiological needs.
• SAFETY needs.
• Social needs.
• Esteem needs.
• SELF actualisation needs.

Maslow viewed human needs in the form of hierarchy. The hierarchy of needs are

• MILITARY.
• SMALL ENTERPRISES.

The speed of COMMUNICATION flow through the informal channels is faster than formal channels. Many tasks which cannot be accomplished by formal ORGANISATION can be completed by informal organisation. Informal orgtanisation encourages cooperation between people. Informal organisation provides JOB satisfaction, PERSONAL attachment and status to workers. Thus, informal organisation is needed for any organisation.

The speed of communication flow through the informal channels is faster than formal channels. Many tasks which cannot be accomplished by formal organisation can be completed by informal organisation. Informal orgtanisation encourages cooperation between people. Informal organisation provides job satisfaction, personal attachment and status to workers. Thus, informal organisation is needed for any organisation.

PLANNING is a process by which a manager looks to the future and discovers alternative courses of action. In other WORDS, planning is anticipatory decision making. Planning is the process used by MANAGERS to identify and SELECT goals and courses of action of the organisation.

Planning is a process by which a manager looks to the future and discovers alternative courses of action. In other words, planning is anticipatory decision making. Planning is the process used by managers to identify and select goals and courses of action of the organisation.

Planning PREMISES are DEFINE as the anticipated environment in which plans are expected to OPERATE. Premises are the ASSUMPTIONS on which plans are formulated.

Planning premises are define as the anticipated environment in which plans are expected to operate. Premises are the assumptions on which plans are formulated.

• Classical DECISION making models.
• ADMINISTRATIVE decision making models.
• Political decision making models.

If PEOPLE are having time and COGNITIVE ability for MAKING decisions, it is said to be bounded rationality.

If people are having time and cognitive ability for making decisions, it is said to be bounded rationality.

• To determine the direction of an ORGANISATION.
• To minimise wastages.
• To reduce the risk or UNCERTAINITY.
• To FACILITATE CONTROL.

• DECISION TREE method.
• Operations research.
• Break EVEN analysis.
• Simulation or stochastic TECHNIQUES.

• To determine the DIRECTION of an organisation.
• To provide a basis for team WORK
• to MINIMISE wastages in the FUTURE
• To FACILITATE decision making
• To improve morale of the employees.

Decision making is DEFINED as the selection of a course of action among alternative COURSES of action. Decision making should be rational. Decision making INVOLVES a choice among ALTERNATIVES.

Decision making is defined as the selection of a course of action among alternative courses of action. Decision making should be rational. Decision making involves a choice among alternatives.

Strategy is defined as the DETERMINATION of long-term objectives of an organisation. Making the best CHOICES for the FUTURE and allocating the resources necessary to accomplish the objectives.

Strategy is defined as the determination of long-term objectives of an organisation. Making the best choices for the future and allocating the resources necessary to accomplish the objectives.

• Employees can be motivated because they participate in the goal setting PROCESS.
• Performance can be improved because MBO CONCENTRATES on OBJECTIVES.
• Unnecessary EFFORTS will be minimised because objectives are set clearly.
• MBO helps managers to exercise better control over employees.

Unbroken LINE of authority is known as CHAIN of command. The line of authority flows from TOP to bottom through the chain of command.

Unbroken line of authority is known as chain of command. The line of authority flows from top to bottom through the chain of command.

• EXPERIENCE,
• EXPERIMENTATION and
• RESEARCH ANALYSIS.

Planning, ORGANISING, staffing, DIRECTING and controlling are the FUNCTIONS of MANAGEMENT.

Planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling are the functions of management.

• To MAKE a unified GLOBAL theory of MANAGEMENT.
• To utilise the EXPERIENCES of pioneers.

Management SCIENCE theory utilises various quantitative TECHNIQUES to maximise resources. Quantitative Management, OPERATIONS Management, TOTAL Quality Management and Management INFORMATION System are coming under Management Science Theory.

Management science theory utilises various quantitative techniques to maximise resources. Quantitative Management, Operations Management, Total Quality Management and Management Information System are coming under Management Science Theory.